Learning about Language板书设计

Book 8 Unit 4 Grammar 【学习目标】

1.

Master the usage of the past participles as adverbial 2.

Review the usage of the past participle as predicative, attribute and object complement. I.【课文回顾】 1. Professor Higgins (H): an expert in phonetics, _____________that the quality of a person’s English decides his/her position in society.

1.

While _________________, he makes notes. 2.

Now once__________________ by me, she’d become an upper class lady. 3.

Once_______________ to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess. 4.

A man is hiding from the rain _____________ to people’s language and _____________ their reactions.

II.【精讲释义】

【典句重现】

1. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 2. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. 【用法归纳】

1. 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。

(1) I like reading the novels ________ (write ) by Zhang Ailing.

(2) He was ________ (excite) at the good news.

(3) He spoke loudly in order to make himself ________ (hear).

(4) She sat by the window, ________ (lose) in thought.

小结:

过去分词在句中充当______ ______ ______ ______。

2. 过去分词作状语

(1). 过去分词作______状语

When it is heated, ice will be changed into water.

Heated, ice will be changed into water.

When it is seen from the mountain, our city looks very beautiful.

______ from the mountain, our city looks very beautiful.

(2). 过去分词作______状语

Since/ As she was given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid.

Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.

______ ______ ______ ______, his homework was full of mistakes.

(3). 过去分词作______状语

If they had been given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

If I am compared with you, we still have a long way to go. ________ ______ ____, we still have a long way to go.

(4). 过去分词作______状语

The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog.

The hunter left his house, followed by his dog. She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought She sat by the window, ______ ______ _________.

（5）过去分词作_________ 状语

Though he was laughed at by many people, he continued his study. ___________ ___________ by many people, he continued his study. 小结:(1) 过去分词在句子中可以作______状语、______状语、______状语、______状语_________状语等。

(2) 过去分词作状语时,

过去分词的逻辑主语与______一致。

注意: (1) done表被动完成；doing表示主动和进行。

______ (see) from the mountain, our city looks very beautiful.

_____ (see) from the mountain, we could get a wonderful view of the city.

(2) done表被动, 可做定语和状语；having been done不做定语，只做状语，强调该动作是被动且发生在主句动作之前。

The __________ (injure) people had already been sent to hospital. ____________ (give) another chance, I will win. _______________ _____________ _____________ (tell) many times, he still made the same mistake.

(3) done做状语时，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语保持一致。否则，需要加上自己的逻辑主语，

构成独立主格结构。

___________(给更多的时间) more time，I am sure to win.

More time __________ (give), I am sure to win.

The meeting _________ (be) over, all of us went home.

His homework ___________ (finish), he went to bed.

3. 过去分词作定语

过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系,表动作已经完成。

(1) 单个的过去分词作定语，置于被修饰词的______ ①

发展中国家_________________

②

开水_________________

发达国家

_________________

沸腾的水_________________ ③

落叶

_________________

④

升起的太阳_________________

下落的叶子_________________

正在升起的太阳_________________ (2)过去分词短语作定语, 须置于被修饰词的____。

① There is nobody ________ (injure) in this accident.

② It is an ________ (organize) activity ________ (hold) by the Students’ union.

③ Near the window, there is a bookshelf _______(fill) with books.

④ Her daughter, ________ (bring up) by me, has begun to work now.

⑤ The poem ______(write) in 1881, made a big difference to me. 4. 过去分词作表语（表状态或表被动）

(1) When we heard of it, we were deeply _______ (move). (2) He seemed quite _______ (interest) in it. 5. 过去分词作宾语补足语

(1) 用在感官或心理状态的动词后。

We can hear the windows ______ (beat) by the rain drops.

We watched him _______ (send) to hospital.

(2) 用在使役动词后

The old man had his leg ______ (break) in the accident.

(3) 用在表示希望愿望的动词后

I want the suit ______ (make) to his own measure.

The lady wanted her house _____ (paint) green.

(4) 用在with 的复合结构中

With everything _______(consider), he left the office.

With a lot of difficulty ______ (settle), he went to the seashore and had a happy time.

III .巩固检测

1. 填空：

(1) ______ (use) in this way, the word shouldn’t be taken as a verb.

(2) ______ (arm) with special guns and brushes, two space walking astronauts practiced fixing the spacecraft.

(3) ______ (face) with difficult situation, he never gives up.

(4) ______ (tire) of haze, they moved to Hainan.

(5) Though ______ (catch) in a traffic jam, we managed to arrive at the airport.

(6) Susan is not easy to get along with. But once ______ (gain), her friendship will last forever.

(7) Henry didn’t attend the party ______ (hold) last night, for he was busy preparing for his

exam.

2. 经典例句背诵

(1) 从塔顶看我们的城市很美。

______ ______ the top of the tower, our city looks very beautiful.

(2) 当有人问这位女演员是否需要加薪时，她回答说钱不是很重要。

When ______ if she would request a rise, the actress said that money was not important.

(3) 当加热时，冰就会变成水。

______ ______, ice will be changed into water.

(4) 和你相比，我们还有很长得路要走。

______ ______ you, we still have a long way to go.

(5) 她坐在窗口，陷入沉思。

She sat by the window, ______ ______ ______.

【语法填空】

1. We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _______ (think) that all children like these things. 2. There have been several new events ________ (add) to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. 3. There are hundreds of visitors __________ (wait) in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.

4. ___________ (improve) the employees’ working efficiency, the supervisor will allow them to have a coffee break.

5. In the dream Peter saw himself ___________ (chase) by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly with a start.

6. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games ________ (hold) in Beijing in 2008.

7. ________ (face) with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.

8. _________ (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.

9. Don’t sit there ________ (do) nothing. Come and help me with this table.

10. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket__________(cover) the desert.

11.

(make) this cake, you‘ll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.

12. When __________ (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.

13. My cousin came to see me from the country, ________ (bring) me a full basket of fresh fruits．

14. I smell something __________ (burn) in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?

15. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice _________ (call) him.

16. The Town Hall ___________(complete) in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.

17. Please remain _________ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.

18. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________(finish), he gladly accepted it. 19. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _________ (improve) in a short period.

20. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ________ (interest) in his lectures.