Learning about Language教学设计第二课时

现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较

(现在完成时和现在完成进行时) Summary 1: 我们用现在完成时来讲发生在过去的动作，但是对现在有影响。

They have cleaned the classroom.

=They cleaned the classroom and the classroom is clean now.

I have finished my homework.

=I finished my homework and I am free now Summary 2: 现在完成时还可以表示动作发生在过去一直延续到现在,常与一段时间连用. Daniel __________ (live) in Beijing since he came to China.(用时间轴来展示) 注意：在现在完成时中，短暂性动词不可以与for，since引导的延续性时间状语连用。

1. It has come here for a few weeks. （误）

It came here a few weeks ago. It has been here for a few weeks. 2.

She has joined the Party for several weeks. （误）

She joined the Party several weeks ago. She has been a Party member for several weeks.

这些瞬间动词常与它对应的可以表示时间段的词语进行互换。

become—be

borrow—keep

buy—have

begin (start)—be on

open—be open

die—be dead

leave--be away

come--be here/in

go out—be out join--be a member/be in Choose the right answers 1. I have joined/been

in the army for ten year. 2. He has been to /gone to Dalian many times. 3. She has got married/been married to Roberts for a year. 4. All the preparations for the task

are completed/ have been completed ,and we’re ready to start.

5. He has gone/ been away for two days. 6. He has had/ has bought this book for a year. Summary 3: 经常使用现在完成时的时间状语

already,

ever,

for,

just,

lately,

never,

recently,

since,

yet already 用于肯定陈叙句中

and yet 用于否定句和疑问句中. I have already finished my work I haven’t finished my work yet

Have you finished your work yet?

for后接的是时间段since后接时间点，而且后面

跟的是过去时间。

He hasn’t given me any more trouble since then.

She has studied English since 2004.

We have discussed the topic for 3 days

Justin has been missing for two weeks. 我毕业以来已经三年了。

I have graduated for three years It has been 3 years since I graduated. 用for和since填空

______three hours ______three o’clock

______two days ______yesterday afternoon ______I came here ______last Sunday

_______a week _______a long time _______1997

______two weeks _______three years ago

_______ last month

在过去几年中，我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。

There were great changes in our home-town in the past few years.(误) There have been great changes in our hometown in the past few years. [析] "in / during the past / last + 复数名词"是完成时态的标志之一。

Summary 4: 表示反复或者习惯性的动作，常与several times，once, twice,

many times, frequently等频度副词连用。

I __________ (be) to Egypt twice. have been to 去过

（已回来）

have gone to 去了

（还没回）

现在完成时还常与句型

This is the first time…，It’s the first time …连用。

This is the first time he has driven a car . 现在完成时和最高级连用表示到现在为止是最…的。

What a boring film！

It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen.

现在完成进行时

Summary 1:

1. 我们使用现在完成进行时来表示动作从过去开始一直延续到现在，现在仍在发生将来还可能继续下去。

I have not been sleeping well since I returned home.（用时间轴）

The boy ________________ (have) dinner since five minutes ago. (The boy started having dinner five minutes ago. He is still having dinner now.) Summary 2: 们也可以用现在完成进行时表示动作从过去一直延续到现在刚完成但是中间没有中断过. Kelly: Sorry I’m late. Have you been waiting long?

Mavis: Yes. I’ve been waiting for an hour.

The boys are tired. They _____________ (just play) a ball game. The boys are tired now ,they_______________

(play) basketball all the morning. 试比较下面几组句子：

Someone has phoned you. （打了电话）

Someone has been phoning you. （一直在打电话）

I’ve read the novel. （已读完）

I’ve been reading the novel. （一直在读）

Have you met her lately? （强调动作的结果，你见了她了吗？）

Have you been meeting her lately? （强调动作重复，经常见面）

Who’s eaten my apples? （苹果没有了）

Who’s been eating my apples? （有感情色彩，表示愤怒不满）

现在完成时

动作的结果

for/since/never/ever 动作的反复

无感情色彩

用所给词的正确形式填空。

①Now that he is out of work，John __________________(consider) going back to school，but he _____________(decide) yet.

②We _________________(work) the whole week, but we just ____________(finish) half of the project.

③I ________________(wait) for him for 2 hours, but he ___________(not come) so far.

④So far we _________(go) through many successes and failures.

⑤他们已经把那条被损坏的路修好了。

They _____ _______ ________ the broken road.

⑥他们一直在维修那条被损坏的道路。

They _____ _____ _________ the broken road. 现在完成进行时

动作的延续

all the morning/all the day 动作的持续，不间断

有明显的感情色彩

2015北京高考）

1.In the last few years, China________(make) great achievements in environmental protection.

(2016 福建) 2. It is the first time that I __________(enjoy) this kind of moon cake.

(2017全国卷Ⅱ) 3.Sarah__________________(tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next years.

4. He has been informed that he ____________ (not qualify) for the scholarship because of his academic background.

（2014全国I卷）

1. Since then—for all these years, we had been

allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.

(2017全国卷Ⅲ) 2.It has been a long time since we meet in China last time. (2017 全国Ⅱ) 3. I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years.