Grammar and usage(1): Direct speech and reported speechPPT及课堂实录内容

平江三中高一英语备课组 制定人：Qian Module4 Unit1 Direct and Indirect Speech

Teaching Goals

1.Know the definition of direct Total speech and reported speech. 2.Master the ways to change direct teaching speech into reported speech. periods 3 Teaching importances Teaching difficulties Teaching Preparations 1.Know what is direct speech and reported speech. 2.Know how to change direct speech into reported speech. Know how to change these rules into practice. Learning plan paper Teaching procedures Teaching links：pre-designed teacher-student activities Remarks Step 1 Lead-in

The lion said, " I am the king of the whole world. " What did the lion say？

Reflection Step 2 Presentation 一、直接引语（Direct Speech）和间接引语(Reported Speech)的定义:

我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语；

用自己的话转述别人的意思，被转述的部分称为间接引语。间接引语多数构成宾语从句。

二、直接引语转化为间接引语：

1、

人称代词的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。

“一随主”：直接引语中有第一人称或被第一人称修饰，变成间接引语时，

要与主句中主语的人称保持一致。

Eg. Tom said to Kate，“ I have finished my homework.”

→Tom told Kate that he had finished his homework.

“二随宾”：直接引语中有第二人称或被第二人称修饰，变成间接引语时，

要与主句中宾语的人称保持一致。

She said to me，“I will help you if I finish my homework.”

→She told me that she would help me if she finished her homework.

“第三人称不更新”：如果直接引语中有第三人称，变成间接引语时，人称不变。

Tom asked Mike，“Does she often come to school late？”

→ Tom asked Mike if/whether she often went to school late. 2、

动词时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，

间接引语的动词时态变化常根据主句谓语动词的时态而定。

⑴主句谓语动词的时态为现在时，直接引语变间接引语时动词的时态不

1

平江三中高一英语备课组 制定人：Qian 变。

My mother says，“I will come back after work.”

→My mother says that she will go back after work.

Her teacher has asked Kate，“Do you want to go to Beijing University?”

→Her teacher has asked Kate whether/if she wants to go to Beijing University. ⑵主句谓语动词的时态为过去时态时，直接引语变为间接引语的动词时态变化如下表：

直接引语

间接引语

一般现在时

一般过去时

现在进行时

过去进行时

现在完成时

过去完成时

一般过去时

过去完成时

现在完成进行时

过去完成进行时

过去进行时

过去进行时

一般将来时

过去将来时

过去完成时

过去完成时

过去完成进行时

过去完成进行时

"She's preparing her lessons, "I said.

→I said that she was preparing her lessons.

I said to them, "He'll get excited. "

→I told them that he would get excited.

He said to me, "Jane spent all her time doing that. "

→He told me that Jane had spent all her time doing that.

语法拓展

时态变化的例外情况: ①直接引语如果有表示具体的过去时间的时间状语（如in 1992，last week）等，

在变为间接引语时时态可以不变。

Eg. My father said to me，"I read the book in 1986."

→My father told me he read the book in 1986.

②直接引语表达的意思是客观真理时，时态可以不变。

Eg. The geography teacher said to us，＂The earth turns around the sun. "

→The geography teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun.

3、

句式的变化: ⑴直接引语是陈述句时：间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），

主句的引述动词主要有say，tell，repeat，explain，think等。

Eg. He said，"You are younger than me."

→He said（that）I was younger than him. ⑵直接引语是疑问句时:

①一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if/ whether引导的宾语从句。

Eg. She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers? "

→She asked me if/whether I often went there to read newspapers.

2

平江三中高一英语备课组 制定人：Qian

②选择疑问句变为whether…or引导的宾语从句。

Eg. I asked him,”Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight？”

→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.

③特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。

Eg. He asked，”Where do you live？”

→He asked me where I lived.

⑶直接引语是祈使句时：间接引语为不定式作ask，tell，beg，order，warn，advise 等动词的宾语补足语（don't变为not）。

Eg. The teacher said to the boy,”Open the window.”

→The teacher told the boy to open the window.

His father said to him, “Don't leave the door open.”

→His father told him not to leave the door open.

注意一下

有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，

可以用

suggest，insist，ask，advise等动词加以转述。

Eg. He said，＂Let's go to the theatre."

→He suggested (our) going to the theatre.

或He suggested that we (should) go to the theatre.

Eg. "Why don't you take a walk after supper？＂he asked.

→He advised me to take a walk after supper.

4、

其他方面的变化见下表(直接引语→间接引语)：

①指示代词

this →that these →those

②时间状语

now →then ago →before /earlier

today →that day

yesterday →the day before

tomorrow →the next /following day

the day after tomorrow →in two day's time

③地点状语

here →there

④方向性动词

bring →take

come →go

Step 3 Practice 完成同步导练P16第1题

Step 4 Homework 完成书上P92 C1C2练习

Blackboard Design

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