Learning about Language教学内容概述

现在分词做状语教学设计

合阳县合阳中学

葛璐璐

StepⅠ. 教学目标：

(1). 了解现在分词做状语的重要性

(2). 掌握现在分词做状语的的具体用法以及注意事项

(3). 熟练完成现在分词做状语的相关练习

StepⅡ. 教学重难点

(1). 理解现在分词做状语的具体用法

(2). 运用分词做状语完成相关练习

StepⅢ. 教学过程：

一.现在分词做状语的意义：

现在分词所表动作属主语动作的一部分，用来修饰谓语动词，表谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式或伴随等情况，并可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列句。

二. 现在分词的构成形式（以do为例）

形式

一般式

被动being done 主动doing 意义

与句子主语构成主谓关系，与谓v同时发生

与句子主语构成动宾关系，与谓v同时发生

完成式

主动having done 与句子主语构成主谓关系，先于谓v发生

被动having been 与句子主语构成动宾关系，先于谓vdone 发生

三. 现在分词做状语的用法分类

1.

作时间状语（可换成时间状语从句）

Walking in the street, I met an old friend.

= When I was walking in the street, I met an old friend. 2. 作原因状语（可换成原因状语从句）

Being ill, he didn’t attend school today.

= because he was ill, he didn’t attend school today.

3. 作条件状语（可换成原因状语从句）

Working hard, you will make much progress in English.

= If you work hard, you will make much progress in English. 4. 作让步状语（可换成让步状语从句）

Having failed many time, he didn’t give up.

= Although he had failed many times, he didn’t give up.

5. 作结果状语（表必然的结果）（和换成并列句）

It rained heavily those days, causing severe flood in that area.

= It rained heavily those days and caused severe flood in that area. 6. 作方式或伴随状语（可换成并列句）

He sat under the tree, reading a book.

=

He sat under the tree and read a book.

四. 现在分词做状语应注意的问题

1.现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。

eg: Hearing the good news, he couldn’t help laughing.

(hearing 的逻辑主语为句子的主语he, 两者之间为主动关系) 2. 为了强调可在分词前加上相应的连词如while , when, if, although , though等(变成状语从句的省略) When crossing the street , you should be careful. 3. 现在分词的否定式是在其前加not

Eg: Not knowing how to solve the problem, I turned to my teacher. 4. 现在分词与过去分词做状语的区别

总体原则：一找主语，二判关系，三定时间

即：首先确定句式为分词作状语的结构，其次句子主语与分词之间为主动关系，则用现在分词；若句子主语与分词之间为被动关系则用过去分词。然后再根据分词动作和主句谓语动词动作的时间先后来确定用一般式还是完成式。

eg: (1). Founded in 1916, our school has a long history. (主语our school与found之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词founded作状语)。

(2).

Having finished all the work, he sat down to have a rest. (主语he与finish之间为主动关系，又因为finish的动作发生在谓v. sat之前，所以用现在分词的完成式做状语)。

五. 即学即练

1.

________(gather) around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.

2.

More highways have been built in China, ________ (make)it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.

3.

_______(see) from the top of the tower, the city is more beautiful.

4.

________(see) from the top of the tower, we can have a good view of the city.

5.

(改错) Felt tired, he slid into the bed and

fell fast asleep.

6.

The teacher sat in the office, surrounding by many students.