Using LanguageⅡ教案和课堂实录

Revision of the Subjunctive Mood Teaching aims : Revise the subjunctive mood in different sentences. Students can master the usages of subjunctive mood. Teaching procedures: Step 1. Lead in Play a song

Step 2.The definition of subjunctive mood. Subjunctive mood is usually used to talk about the situations that are not true or not likely to become true. 表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望或推测。

Step 3.the Subjunctive Mood in“if”clause

虚拟语气在“if”条件句中的用法

If I were you , I would study hard. If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world. If I lived on the moon at present, I might see the beauty—Chang’e.

Contrary to the present（与现在事实相反) If…

did/were

sth, …would/could/might/should do sth. If you had attended the meeting yesterday, you would have met her.

If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved. Contrary to the past（与过去事实相反）

If …had done

sth, …would/could/might/should have done sth.

If I had time next week, I would help you. If I should have time next week, I would help you. If I were to have time next week, I would help you. Contrary to the future（与将来事实相反）

If ...

did

were to do

should do

sth, …would/could/might/should do（原形）sth Step 4.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装

If I were you, I would study hard. =Were I you, I would study hard. If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. If we had worked harder, we would have won the game. Had we worked harder, we would have won the game. Step 5.混合条件句，又叫错综时间条件句

从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致

If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would be well now.

(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在) If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. (从句说的是现在，主句指的是过去) Step 6.蕴含条件句

假设的条件是借助介词短语或上下文(but for;or;otherwise)表示出来，而不用if

Without water, there would be no life. Without your help yesterday, I couldn’t have finished the work.

But for the bad weather, we would have arrived earlier. They got two free tickets, or /otherwise they could never have been able to afford to go to Canada. I could have given you more help, but I was too busy. without, but, but for,or, otherwise与现在和将来相反用would/could should/might+v without, but, but for, or, otherwise与过去事实相反用would/could should/might+have done Step 7.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用

1.wish 引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气

与现在事实相反

过去式/were

与过去事实相反

had+过去分词

与将来

事实相反

would/could/might+动词原形

I wish I could fly to the moon one day. He wished he hadn’t been involved in such affairs( not involve)

I wish I were a bird. (be) 2.would rather宾语从句中虚拟语气的使用

I would rather you posted the letter at once. I would rather you didn’t do it now.

I would rather you had returned the book to the library. But you didn’t

表现在或将来用一般过去时；表过去用过去完成时。

3.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气

一个坚持

insist

两个命令

order, command 三个建议

advise, suggest, propose

四个要求

demand, require, request, desire

recommend 推荐；劝告

宾语从句中的动词用should + v, 或should省略

The doctor ordered she should be operated. The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight. The smile on his face suggested that he was happy. He insisted that we (should) tell him the news. He insisted that he didn’t steal the ring.

insist 从句内容是既成事实，不容置疑，用陈述语气。

insist 从句内容虽然不是事实，但非常希望他成为事实，用虚拟语气.

Step 8.表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气

在insistence 坚持；坚决主张order, command, suggestion,proposal,advice,demand,request,desire, requirement,plan, idea,decision等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句用should＋V，should 可省略

My suggestion is that we (should) go there at once. My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. Step 9.在主语从句的使用

1.It's necessary/ important/essential /impossible /strange/natural/ + that …

从句中的动词要用

(should)+动词原形

It is strange that he ( should ) say so.

(他竟然这样说）.

It is natural that a bird ( should ) rest in a tree.（鸟在树上休息）. It is necessary that we (should) clean the room every day.

(我们每天打扫房间）. 2.It is a pity /a shame/no wonder/rule/honour/suprise that …

从句中的动词要用

(should)+动词原形

It’s a

pity that you should be so careless.

It’s no wonder that he ( should ) think so.

(他竟然这样想）

3.It is /was insisted /ordered/commanded advised/suggested /proposed/ demanded / requested/required/ desired that…

从句中的动词要用

(should)+动词原形

It is requested that we should finish the work this afternoon. It is suggested that the English evening party be held on Saturday（英语晚会周六举行）

Step 10.虚拟语气在其他场合的运用

1）虚拟语气在as if/as though、even if/even though He did it as if he were an expert. When a pencil is partly in a

glass

of water, it looks as if it were broken.

It looks as if she is ill. Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem. even if /though ,as if / though引导的从句中的虚拟语气

2）用于It is time that 中。

“It is (high/about)time that … ”

早该做某事了

It’s time that I went (should go) to school.

it is time后的定语从句谓语用过去时或should +v,should不可省略。

3）虚拟语气用在if only…In case ; for fear that;lest

Take your coat in case it should rain. Her mother put a blanket over her for fear that she should catch cold. in case,for fear that,lest等引导的从句中用should +v,should可以省

略. If only I were a bird. If only I had taken his advice. If only the driver hadn't driven so fast. 小结：

1. 介词蕴含的条件句表示的虚拟语气和if虚拟条件句的主句谓语动词一致。

2.wish, as if /though, even if /though ,if only 后中的虚拟语气表示现在和过去和if 虚拟语气谓语一致，表示将来would/could/might+do.

3.would rather 表示现在和将来用过去时；表示过去，用过去完成时。

4.it is time that 后用过去时或should +do,should 不可以省略。

Multiple choices 1.It was necessary that he _________ her immediately. A. calls

B. called C. call D. would call 2. It's high time that something _________ to prohibit selling fake commodities.

A.must be done

B. was done

C. be done

D. were done 3. There was a traffic jam; otherwise I ____ here on time.

A. would be

B. had been

C. should be D. would have been 4.I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I ___ there.

A. was B. were C. had been D. went

5.The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students ___ two weeks to prepare for the exam.

A. give

B. should give

C. be given D. would be given

6. It is strange that such a thing ___ in your school.

A. will happen

B. happens

C. should happen D. happened

7. I'd rather you ___ right away.

A. leave B. left C. will leave D. to leave

8. It is required that you ____ at six.

A. will arrive B. arrive C. arrived D. would arrive

9. If only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.

A. had known

B. would know

C. should know D. knew