Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending第一课时导学案

Unit 2 King Lear Grammar 教学设计

Aims：

To help students learn about the Adverbial

To help students discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions

To help students discover and learn to use some useful structures

Procedures:

I. Warming up by learning about King Lear Tragedy by William Shakespeare, first performed in 1605–06. Lear, king of Britain, favours his grasping daughters Goneril and Regan with shares of his kingdom but refuses his third, honest daughter Cordelia a share because she will not falsely flatter him. Rejected by Goneril and Regan, the old and unbalanced Lear is reunited with Cordelia but dies of grief when she is murdered.

II. Discovering useful words and expressions

What is a phrasal verb?

An English verb complex consisting of a verb and one or more following particles and acting as a complete syntactic and semantic unit, as look up in She looked up the word in the dic-tionary or she looked the word up in the dictionary.

What is an adjective?

The part of speech that modifies a noun or other substantive by limiting, qualifying, or specifying and distinguished in English morphologically by one of several suffixes, such as -able, -ous, -er, and -est, or syntactically by position directly preceding a noun or nominal phrase.

What is the order of adjectives?

Num-ber→Value/Opinion→Size→Age/Temperature→Shape→Color→Origin→Material

Now you are going to do the words and expressions exercises 1, 2, 3 and 4 on page 状语

（一）状语的定义

修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。

（二）状语的表现形式

（1）副词及副词性词组

Light travels most quickly.光传播得最快。

Factories and buildings are seen here and there.到处都能见到工厂和建筑物。

（2）介词短语

He has lived in the city for ten years.他在那座城市住了10年了。

In spite of the difficulties, we went on with our work.尽管有困难，但是我们仍继续工作。

（3）不定式（短语）

He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.他因通过高考而感到自豪。

The box is too heavy for me to lift.这个箱子太重，我抬不起。

（4）分词（短语）

He is in the room making a model plane.他在房间里做一架飞机模型。

Not knowing what to do, he decided to ask the teacher for advice.他不知道怎么办好，

就去问老师。

Encouraged by the teacher, I made up my mind to learn English well.在老师的鼓励下，我决心把英语学好。

（5）名词（短语）

Wait a minute.等一下。

Would you please come this way?请这边走。

I go to school every day.我每天去上学。

（6）从句

Once you begin, you must continue.一旦开始，你就得继续下去。

It is very difficult to live where there is little water.在没有多少水的地方，生活是十分艰难的。

I must work harder in order that I may catch up with the others.为了赶上其他人，我必须更努力学习。

（三）状语的种类

状语按照内容可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让

步、方式、程度伴随情况等。

（1）时间状语

How about meeting again at six?六点再见面怎样？

When it rains, I usually go to school by bus.下雨天，我通常乘公共汽车去上学。

（2）原因状语

Last night she didn’t

go to the dance party because of the rain.由于下雨，她昨晚没有去参加舞会。

Since you are very busy, I won’t

trouble you.既然你很忙，我就不打扰你了。

（3）条件状语

I shall go there if it doesn’t

rain.如果不下雨，我将到那里去。

As (So) long as you work hard, you can make rapid progress in English.只要你努力，你就可以在英语方面取得很快的进步。

（4）地点状语

Mr. Smith lives on the third floor.史密斯先生住在3楼。

Where there is water, there is life.有水的地方，就有生命。

（5）方式状语

She put the eggs into the basket with great care.她小心地把鸡蛋放在蓝子里。

He has greatly improved his spoken English by this means.他用这种方式极大地改善了他的英语口语。

（6）伴随状语

She came in with a dictionary in her hand.她进来时手拿着一本字典。

The teacher came in, followed by a group of students.老师走了进来，后面跟着一群学生。

（7）目的状语

In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.为了赶上其他人，我必须更努力学习。

I went there to see a friend of mine.我去那里看我的一个朋友。

Bring it close so that I may see it better.把它拿近些，以便我看得更清楚些。

（8）结果状语

He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.他累极了，立刻就睡着了。

He is so good a teacher that the students love respect him.他是一位很好的老师，学生们都敬爱他。

（9）让步状语

She works very hard though she is old.虽然她年纪大了，但她仍然十分努力工作。

No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.不管你什么时候来，都欢迎。

（10）程度状语

They were greatly moved to hear the hero’s

story.听了英雄的故事，他们深受感动。

I quite agree with you.我完全同意你的意见。

（11）比较状语

I am taller than he is.我比他高。

The more I speak English, the better I?ll be.我越多讲英语，就讲得越好。

注：副词修饰动词时放在行为动词之后或动词的宾语之后，修饰形容词或副词时放在被修饰词之前。如：

They study hard.他们学习努力。（修饰动词）

He was very sad.他非常伤心。（修饰形容词）

She speaks English quite well.她英语讲得很好。（修饰副词）

We go to school on foot.我们步行上学。（介词短语，修饰动词）

（四）状语的位置

英语中状语的位置比较灵活。影响状语位置的因素很多，如强调的程度、句子的平衡及状语本身的长短等都可以影响状语的位置。

（1）修饰谓语的状语通常放在谓语（及宾语）之后。

He walked very quickly.他走得很快。

I saw him the other day.几天前我见过他。

The match was put off because of rain.比赛因下雨而推迟。

（2）修饰谓语动词的状语有时不止一个，主要归纳为下面几种情况。

①如果有多个时间状语或地点状语，我们一般把单位小的放在单位大的前面，这和汉语的次序正好相反。如：

We are going to meet him at the airport at two o’clock

this afternoon.我们将于今天下午两点到机场迎接他。

②如果句中既有时间状语，又有地点状语，则地点状语通常放在时间状语之前。如：

I?ll meet you at the theatre at 我六点半在剧院跟你见面。

I

studied English at the university for five years.我在这所大学学了5年英语。

③方式状语的位置一般放在时间、地点状语之前；如果地点状语较短，则放在地点状语之后。如：

The lady sat down and ate greedily before others.那女子坐下，

然后在众人面前狼吞虎咽地吃了起来。

Susan got there on foot yesterday.苏姗昨天步行到那里。

（3）表示频度的副词像offten, usually, always, sometimes, seldom, never, ever, rarely, generally, constantly等，通常要放在主动词的前面；如果谓语部分含有情态助动词、基本助动词或动词be，就要放在这些动词之后。如：

He is always busy.他总是很忙。

I usually go to work at eight in the morning.我通常上午8点上班。

We often meet at the bus station.我们常常在公共汽车站碰面。

Practice Ⅰ.完成句子

1.

Though brought_up (被抚养大) in a big city, Bill always prefers to live a country life.

2．However_amusing_the_story_is (无论这个故事多么有趣), I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.

3．

Founded (建立于) in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

4．Greedy_children (贪吃的孩子)

often cannot help eating more and tend to put on too much weight.

5．—Can I help you?

—I’ m

finding a job. Is there any vacant_post (空缺的职位) in your firm?

6．Our soldiers always sacrifice_themselves_to (把自己奉献给) our country, especially in_the_face_of (面临)

disasters like floods and earthquakes.

7．

It is difficult for you to make_a_name (出名)

in the field of music.

8. Allow children the space to voice their opinions,

even_if/though_they_are_different_from_your_own (即使他们的意见与你的意见不一样)．

Ⅱ.完形填空

“Hi,

Mom, happy fiftieth birthday！”

I heard my son, Brian, say as

__ 1__ as if he were sitting next to me. __2__ he wasn’t.

Brian was on the USS Kitty Hawk on maneuvers (大规模演习

) __3__ between our U．S.shore and the Persian Gulf.

My party-loving friend, Denise, had __ 4__ me out for a quiet fiftieth birthday

celebration dinner. When we

__5__ at the restaurant, I scanned (扫视) the sea of

__6__，

but didn’t

recognize anybody.

A wave of __7__ washed over me, and tears welled in my eyes when __8__ I heard Brian in my head. “Hi,

Mom, happy fiftieth birthday.”

“What’s

wrong？”

Denise asked when she saw me dabbing (轻轻擦

) at my __9__.

“I

think I’ve

had too much wine. I keep __10__ Brian wish me a happy birthday，”

I said. She gave me a(n) __11__ smile. “Our

table is ready，”

she said, leading me toward the stairs.

I’d

hardly sat down in the chair of honor when a

__12__ entered the room, carrying

a sheet of cake. The fire-fighter __13__ the cake on the table in front of me so I

2

could __14__ the fifty blazing can-dles. Once again I heard Brian speak, “Mom,

be sure to

__15__ me a piece of cake.”

This time he __ 16__ very far away, but it seemed

that he was just in front of me. I __17__ in my chair. Was I losing my mind?

“I’ ll

have some __18__ as soon as I get this helmet (头盔

) __19__，”

the

firefighter said. Every drop of blood in my veins flowed to my feet. He __20__ his uniform and quickly pulled the helmet from his head.

“Brian！”

“Hi

Mom. Happy fiftieth birthday！”

1．A.hardly

B．impossibly C．clearly

D．loudly

解析：选C 由下句“as if he were sitting next to me”，可知作者听得很清楚。

2．A.So

B．Then C．And

D．But

解析：选D but表转折，但是他没坐在我旁边。

3．A.somewhere

B．anywhere C．everywhere

D．nowhere

解析：选A 在美国和波斯海湾之间的某个地方。

4．A.sent

B．supported C．provided

D．invited

解析：选D invite sb.out“请某人出去吃饭”。

5．A.got

B．reached C．arrived

D．came

解析：选C arrive at到达饭馆。

6．A.smiles

B．voices C．faces

D．dishes

解析：选C 由下句的“I didn’t

recognize anybo­dy”可知此处看到许多人的面孔。

7．A.happiness

B．sadness C．anger

D．disappointment

解析：选B 由下文掉眼泪可知难过。

8．A.at present

B．no more C．at once

D．once again

解析：选D once again“又一次”。

9．A.eyes

B．nose C．ears

D．fingers 3

解析：选A 擦眼泪当然是在眼睛上了。

10．A.seeing

B．saying C．listening

D．hearing

解析：选D 由上文两次听到。可知此处用hearing。

11．A.relaxing

B．exciting C．understanding

D．surprising

解析：选C an understanding smile“理解地笑了笑”。

12．A.fireman

B．firewoman C．waiter

D．waitress

解析：选A 由下文的firefighter可知。

13．A.pulled

B．set C．pushed

D．kept

解析：选B set“放置”。此处指把蛋糕放在桌子上。

14．A.light up

B．add up C．take away

D．blow out

解析：选D 正好在我面前，吹灭(blow out)。

15．A.save

B．buy C．make

D．bring

解析：选A save本意是“省下”，此处指“留下”。

16．A.shouted

B．sounded C．laughed

D．cried

解析：选B sound“听上去”，指儿子说话的声音听起来很遥远。

17．A.calmed

B．turned C．froze

D．thought

解析：选C freeze“僵住了”。

18．A.rest

B．cake C．paper

D．bread

解析：选B 儿子给母亲庆祝生日，当然吃蛋糕了。

19．A.off

B．away C．down

D．on

解析：选A get sth.off“脱掉，摘掉”。

20．A.carried away

B．packed up C．put on

D．took off

解析：选D take off his uniform“脱去他的军装”。

Homework 能力提升：

单项填空

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. ________ time goes on, more and more people demand better housing and jobs.

A. As

B. While

C. Since

D When

2. I wrote him a letter to show my ________ of his thoughtfulness.

A. achievement

B. agreement

C. attention

D. appreciation

3. I’m

sorry it’s

_______ my power to make a final decision on the project.

A. over

B. above

C. beyond

D. against

4. ________ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.

A. With

B. Besides

C. As for

D. Because of

5. The workers will go on strike if the demands they _______ put forward are turned down.

A. could

B. would

C. /

D. had

6. After all the students had taken their seats, the teacher _____ the examination papers.

A. handed in

B. handed on

C. handed out

D. handed over

7. ________ team wins on Sunday will go through to the national championships.

A. No matter what

B. No matter which

C. Whatever

D. Whichever

8. After the earthquake , the injured were cared ________ in the local hospital or taken

by air to the hospital in the neighboring cities.

A. of

B. for

C. after

D. with

9. More and more young people are fond _______ playing tennis nowadays. A. on

B. to

C. in

D. of

10. If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him ___ during the day.

（2008江西卷）

A. away

B. up

C. in

D. back

答案解析：

1. 选A。

As time goes on 表示“随着时间的流逝”。

2. 选D。

appreciation 表示“感激”。

3. 选C。

beyond my power 超出我的权力。

4. 选A。

考查“with + 宾语+ 宾补”，后跟to do 不定式表示将来。

5. 选C。

demand 后跟从句时，从句的谓语动词用should，且should 可以省略。

6. 选C。

hand out 表示“分发”。

7. 选D。

Whichever team表示“无论哪一个球队”，引导主语从句，No matter which 只能引导让步状语从句。

8. 选B。

考查词组care for 照顾，关心。

9. 选D。

be fond of 喜欢，爱好。

10. 选A。

give away 泄露，透漏。