Learning about Language第一课时评课稿

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Section Ⅳ Learning about Language

吉林省辉南县第一中学

王艳

[原文呈现]

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL ①

[读文清障] ①Alexander Graham/ˌælIɡ'zɑːndə

Alexander Graham Bell was born in 'ɡreIəm/Bell亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔

1847 in Scotland, but when he was young his family moved to Boston, USA. His ②②entirely adv.完全地；彻底地

③lead sb. to do sth.致使/导致某人做mother was almost entirely

deaf, so 某事

Alexander became interested in helping deaf people communicate and in deaf 筒

education. This interest led him to

invent the microphone. He found that by pressing his lips against

his mother's

forehead， he could make his mother 例

understand what he was saying. ⑧occasionally/ə'keIʒənəlI/adv.偶然⑥⑤④③④microphone/'maIkrəfəʊn/n.麦克风；话⑤press ...against压在……上

⑥forehead/'fɒrId/n.额头

⑦beaten track被踩出来的路；常规；惯He believed that one should always 地；不时地

be curious and his most famous saying was：

“Leavethebeaten ⑨dive into迅速把手伸入；一心投入

⑩every time是名词短语作连词，引导时track⑦间状语从句，相当于whenever，意为“每occasionally⑧anddive into⑨thewoods. 次……”。

Everytime⑩⑪that you have never seen before是that引导的定语从句，修饰something。

⑫before you know it可翻译成“不知不youdoyouwillbecertaintofindsomethingthatyouhaveneverseenbeforeFollowitup, andbeforeyouknowit⑪. exploreallaroundit, 觉地”。

⑫，

⑬⑬be worth doing sth.值得做某事， doing此处用主动形式表示被动含义。

youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind. Allreallybigdiscoveriesaretheresultofthought.”

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It was this exploring around ⑭⑭dynamic/daI'næmIk/adj.充满活力的；精力problems and his dynamic spirit 充沛的；动态的；发展变化的

that

led to his most famous ⑮⑮It was ...that ...是强调句型，此处强调invention —

the telephone in 了句子主语this exploring和spirit。

1876. Bell never set out to

invent the telephone and what he was trying to designmultiple⑱⑰⑯⑯set out (to do)开始(做) ⑰what he was trying to design是what引

was a 导的主语从句。

⑱multiple/'mʌltIpl/adj.多种的；多样的；

telegraph. This original telegraph sent a 多类型的

n．倍数

message over distances using Morse code (a series of dots⑲⑳⑲Morse/mɔːs/code莫尔斯电码

⑳dot/dɒt/n.点；小圆点

vt.以小圆点标出；21 out along a wire○22 in a 分散

tapped○particular order). But only one 21tap/tæp/vt.&vi.轻打；轻拍；轻敲

n．轻轻○23. 地敲击(声)；(水)龙头

message could go at a time○Bell wanted to improve it so 22wire/'waIə/n.金属丝；电线

○23at a time○4 it could send several 一次

that2○messages at the same time. He designed a machine that would 24so that引导目的状语从句。

○25that would separate ...是that引导的定○5 different sound 语从句，对a machine加以修饰和限制。

separate2○waves and allow different 26difficult to solve是形容词短语作后置定○conversations to be held at the 语，相当于定语从句that which is difficult to same time. But he found the solve。to solve是动词不定式，用主动形式表达26. 被动意义。

problem difficult to solve○One day as he was experimenting 7 one end of a

straw○28with2○9

joined to a deaf man's ear drum2○27experiment with用/对……做实验；试用

○28straw/strɔː/n.稻草；麦秆；饮料吸管

○29过去分词短语joined to a deaf man's ear ○and the other to a piece of smoked drum作定语。

glass, Bell noticed that when he spoke into the ear, the straw 30a flash of inspiration灵机一动

○31reproduce/ˌriːprə'djuːs/vt.复制；再○drew sound waves on the glass. 现……的形象或声音

Suddenly he had a flash of 32current/'kʌrənt/n.(水或气)流；○电流

adj.

2

0. If sound waves 现在的；当前的

inspiration3○1 in a could be reproduced3○32，

moving electrical current○they could be sent along a wire. In searching to improve the telegraph, Bell had invented the first telephone！

3 the

Bell was fully aware of3○importance of his invention and wrote to his father：

“Thedayiscomingwhentelegraphwiresw34

illbelaidontohousesjustlikewaterorgas○—

33be aware of意识到

○34when引导定语从句，修饰the day。○is coming是现在进行时表将来。

35it was not until five days later ○that ...是强调句型，强调时间状语not until five days later。

36interest sb./oneself in使某人/○

andfriendswilltalktoeachotherwithoutleavinghome.”

The patent was given in 1876, but it 自己对某事、某物感兴趣

35 Bell was not until five days later that○sent his first telephone message to his 机

assistant Watson. The words have now become famous：

“MrWatson

—

38While searching for a kite ...○是时间状语从句的省略形式，补充完整为：37helicopter/'helIkɒptə/n.直升飞○comehere

—

While he was searching for a kite ... 39triangle/'traIæŋɡl/n．三角形；三○Iwanttoseeyou.”

Alexander Graham Bell was not a man to 角形物体

36 himself in many rest and he interested○other areas of invention. He experimented 体

7 designs and flying with helicopter3○41stable/'steIbl/adj.稳固的；稳定○40tetrahedron/ˌtetrə'hiːdrn/n.四面○8

的；安定的

machines. While searching for a kite3○strong enough to carry a man into the air, 42invaluable/In'væljʊəbl/adj.无价○9

的；极宝贵的

Bell experimented putting triangles3○0

together and discovered the tetrahedron4○43associate/ə'səʊʃ○IeIt/vt.联想；联Iət/n.同伴；伙伴

1，shape. Being very stable4○ it has proved 系 /ə'səʊʃ42 in the design of bridges. invaluable○44Although引导让步状语从句。

○

3

Bell was an inventor all his life. He 45continuing是现在分词作定语，意○made his first invention at eleven and his 为“持续的；永不停息的”。

last at seventy­five. Although he is most 46practical/'præktIkl/adj.实际的；○3 with the invention of 实践的；实用的

often associated4○44，

he was indeed a

the telephone○45 searcher after practical○46

continuing○solutions to improve the quality of everybody's life.

Step 1 True (T) or False (F)．

1．It was his interest in problems and his hard work that led to his most famous invention.__F__ 2．During the design of a multiple telegraph, Bell invented the telephone occasionally.__T__ 3．Alexander Graham Bell was not a man to rest and he was an inventor all his life.__T__ 4．Bell sent his first telephone message before he got his patent.__F__ Step 2 Choose the best answers according to the text. 1．Alexander Graham Bell invented the microphone because ________. A．he was interested in the microphone B．he like inventing any thing he liked C．he wanted to help deaf people like his mother to communicate with others D．he had nothing to do but kill the time 2．What was not included in Alexander Graham Bell's experiment mentioned in the text? A．A straw.

C．Smoked glass.

B．A microphone. D．A deaf man's ear drum. 3．From the text we can see that Alexander Graham Bell was a ________person. A．poor C．rich B．creative D．kind 4．According to the text, Bell got such great achievement thanks to ________. A．a straw joined to a deaf man's ear drum B．the exploring around problems C．a moving electrical current

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D．his excellent assistant Watson 5．The main idea of the text is about ________. A．Alexander Graham Bell's life B．Alexander Graham Bell's life and inventions C．Alexander Graham Bell's inventions D．how Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone 答案：1～5 CBBBB

一、这样记单词

记得准·写得对

Ⅰ.基础词汇

1.ripeadj.

熟的；成熟的

2.bearvt. 忍受；忍耐；负担

3.foreheadn. 额头

4.tapvt.&vi. 轻打；轻拍；轻敲

n. 轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头

5.currentn. (水或气)流；电流

adj. 现在的；当前的

6.stableadj. 稳固的；稳定的；安定的

7.versionn. 版本；译本

8.personneln. 人力资源；人事部；全体人员

Ⅱ.拓展词汇

1.freezingadj.冰冻的；严寒的→freeze ①bear v．

②stand v．

③tolerate 记得快·记得多

1.ripe adj.成熟的(主要指果实、谷物成熟)；熟的

[同义]

mature, developed, ready, full­grown

[反义] unripe, raw, immature 2.“忍受”家族

v．

④endure v.

⑤withstand v.

⑥put up with 3.current adj.&n.当前的；现在的；现行的；(水或气)流；电流

[词块] ①current affairs

时事

②the main current 主流

③current belief 普遍的观点

④current difficulty 目前的困难

4.personnel n．人力资源；人事部；全体人员

v．(使)结冰；(使)冻结→frozen adj.冻结的

2.identificationn．鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明→identify v．认出；识别；鉴定→identity n．身份；同一性

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3.innocentadj.清白的；无罪的；天真的→innocence n．天真；清白

4.associatevt.联想；联系

n．同伴；伙伴表示总称的名词一览

①staff n. 全体职员

②the rich, the old, the young 富人，→association n．联合；联想；社团；协会

老人，年轻人

5.practicaladj.实际的；实践的；实用的→practically adv.几乎；差不多；讲究实际地→practice n．实践；实施

6.extensionn．电话分机；扩大；延伸→extend v．延伸；扩大；推广

7.competencen．能力；胜任；本领→competent adj.能胜任的；有能力的；称职的

③family n. 家人

④the police 警察

⑤people n. 人们

⑥machinery n. 机器的总称

⑦furniture n. 家具

⑧cattle n. 牛

5.含fore­(前的)前缀的单词面面观

①forehead n. 前额

②forecast vt.&n. 预报

③foresee vt. 预见；预知

④foreword n. 前言；序言

⑤forearm n. 前臂

⑥foretell v. 预告

二、这样记短语

记牢固定短语

1.dive_into

迅速把手伸入；一心投入

2．set_out_(to_do) 开始(做) 3．hang_on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住

4．out_of_order 次序颠倒；发生故障

5．get_through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法) 做完；通过

6．ring_back 回复电话

7．ring_off 挂断电话

三、这样记句式

先背熟

再悟通

后仿用

多积常用词块

1.entirely deaf

几乎全聋

2．the result of thought 思考的结果

3．dynamic spirit 富有活力的精神

4．invent the telephone 发明电话

5．sound waves 声波

6．a flash of inspiration 灵感闪现；灵机一动

7．in many other areas 在许多其他领域

8．beaten track 踩出来的路；惯例；常规

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1.Every time

you do you will be certain to find Every_time_I_meet_with_hisomething that you have 名词短语every time作连词，m,_he looks happy. never seen before. 当你这样做的时候，你一定会发现你从未见过的东西。

2.Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind. 跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。

3.The patent was given in 1876, but it was not until five days later that Bell sent his first telephone “not until”的强调句句式message to his assistant “It Watson. 这项专利是1876年授予的，但是直到5天以后贝尔才跟他的助手华生通了第一次电话。

1．(教材P24)I cannot bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue. 我忍受不了烤肉架上烤香肠的味道。

bear vt.(bore, borne) 忍受；忍耐；负担；生育；佩戴

写出下列句中bear的含义

①Why do I have to bear all the costs of repair.负担；承担

②She has already borne several children.生育

7 引导时间状语从句。

每次我遇见他，他都是一副幸福的样子。

本句为“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句”结构。

Work_hard,_and succeed in time. you'll 努力学习，你终有一天会成功。

It_wasn't_until_after_I_had_accepted_the_position_I realized the was not until that that ...”意为：“直到……才……”。

enormity of the task. 直到我接受了这个岗位，我才意识到任务的艰巨性。

③I can't bear having pet dogs in the house.忍耐

④The students all bear their school badges (校徽)．佩戴

(1)bear doing/to do sth.

忍受……

bear sb./sb.'s doing/to do sth. 忍受某人做某事

(2)bear a heavy burden 肩负重担

bear responsibility/the blame for 承担责任/受责备

(3)bear/keep sth. in mind bear/keep in mind that ... 牢记

记住……

⑤Bearing (bear) a heavy burden, she has to work hard to bring up her children. 肩负重担，她必须努力工作抚养孩子。

⑥You may choose any theme you like. However, you should bear in mind an essential point. 你可以选择任何你喜欢的主题，但关键的一条你应牢记于心。

[名师点津] bear意为“忍耐；忍受”时，通常与can, could连用，用于疑问句或否定句中。

2．(教材P26)Although he is most often associated with the invention of the telephone, he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions to improve the quality of everybody's life. 虽然人们常把他与发明电话联系起来，但是他的确是一名永不停息的探索家，不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的途径。

associate (1)vt.联想；联系

(1)associate sb./sth. with sb./sth. 把……和……联系在一起；由……联想到……

be associated with ... 与……有关

(2)association n．联合；联想；交往；协会；团体

in association with ... 与……合伙/合作

①I've never associated you with this place. 我从未把你和这个地方联系在一起。

②We are working in association (associate) with a local company to raise money for the homeless. 我们正在联合一家当地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。

(2)n.同伴；伙伴；同事

③I've got a new job and a new set of work associates.

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我有了新工作和一班子新同事。

3．(教材P26)Hang on, please. 请稍等。

hang on 不挂断；紧紧握住；稍等；坚持

hang up

hang around/about hang back hang together 挂断电话

闲荡；陪伴；等待

犹豫；畏缩；留下

同心协力；互相帮助；一致；连贯

①Although we have been beaten, we must hang on. 尽管被打败了，但我们必须坚持下去。

②He was seen hanging about in the garden. 有人看见他在花园中徘徊。

③After I hung_up I remembered what I'd wanted to say. 我挂断电话之后才想起原本想说的话。

④You hang_around here in case he comes, and I'll go on ahead. 你在这附近等着以防万一他来了，我继续往前走。

4．(教材P26)I'm sorry, but this phone is out of order. 对不起，这个电话坏了。

out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障

in order

in order of in good order put/keep ...in order 整齐；状况良好；按顺序

按……顺序排列

秩序井然

使……井然有序

①Our air conditioner is out of order. 我们的空调出故障了。

②Just give me five minutes to put my desk in order. 给我五分钟整理一下书桌。

③The tests in this book are arranged in_order_of difficulty. 这本书的试题是按难易程度顺序排列的。

[名师点津]

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5．(教材P26)I can't get through. 我打不通电话。

get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过；用完；耗尽

写出下列句中get through的含义

①Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.(设法)做完

②I couldn't get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then.打通电话

③She found writing helped her get through the rough days.度过

④Luckily, he got through the exam and his efforts paid off.通过

⑤The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more.用完

get across

get away with get down to get over get on 被理解；被人了解

被放过；受到从轻发落

着手认真做某事

克服

进展；进步

⑥Anyway, we're here now, so let's get_down_to some serious work. 不管怎样，我们来了，那就让我们着手做些要紧的活吧。

⑦Did you speech get_across to the audience. 你的演讲听众都听懂了吗？

1．Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind. 跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。

(1)本句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型。该句型中的祈使句有时也可用条件状语从句或非谓语动词改写。

①Listen carefully, and you'll understand it. ＝If you listen carefully, you'll understand it. ＝Listening carefully, you'll understand it.

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仔细听，你就会明白。

(2)祈使句＋破折号＋陈述句(破折号起and的作用，从正面预测结果) ②Try some of this juice — perhaps you'll like it. 尝尝这种果汁，也许你会喜欢的。

(3)祈使句＋or＋陈述句＝If ...not ...，＋主句(or表示“否则；要不然的话”，or可用or else或otherwise替换) ③Give up smoking, or/otherwise you may die of lung cancer. →If_you_don't_give_up_smoking,_you may die of lung cancer. 如果你不戒烟，你可能会死于肺癌。

(4)名词短语＋and＋陈述句(名词短语中通常含有more, another, further, earlier等词) ④It is really very dangerous. One_more_step,_and the baby will fall into the well. 真危险。再多迈一步，这个小孩就会掉进井里了。

[名师点津] 以上结构后面的陈述句多用表示将来意义的时态结构。

2．The patent was given in 1876, but it was not until five days later that

Bell sent his first telephone message to his assistant Watson. 这项专利是1876年授予的，但是直到5天以后贝尔才跟他的助手华生通了第一次电话。

(1)It is/was not until ... that ...为not ... until ...句型的强调结构，意为“直到……才……”。

①It was not until rain stopped that I went home. 直到雨停了我才回家。

②Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.(2015·重庆高考改编) 巴赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪初他的音乐才能才得到完全认可。

(2)在not ...until ...句型结构中，可以把not until提到句首，主句用倒装语序。

③Not until then did_I_realize the value of friends. 直到那时，我才意识到朋友的重要性。

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