Learning about Language教案教学设计导入整理

非谓语动词常考点

解题策略：非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。解答非谓语动词的题目时，一定要解析句子结构，确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补)；找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动)；搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。

非谓语

功能

主动式

动名词

具有名词功能，常在句中作主语，宾语

表主动和正在进行，

常在句中作定语，

状语，宾补

表被动和已完成，常在句中作定语，状语，补语

表将来具体某一次，常在句中作主语，定语，状语，补语，宾语等

被动式

完成式

一般式

完成式

一般式

进行式

完成式

一般式

进行式

完成式

形式

doing being done having done/having been done doing having done

done being done having been done to do/to be done to be doing to have done/to have been done 现在

分词

过去

分词

动词

不定式

考点1：不定式和分词作定语的区别

不定式作定语，表示将来；现在分词作定语，表示正在发生或主动；过去分词作定语，表示过去或被动。

此外，在warning，ability，failure，determination，wish，decision等词后面用不定式作定语；不定式作定语还可用来修饰序数词、最高级或no，all，any等限定语。

基础再练：用所给词的适当形式填空：

①The meeting________(hold) tomorrow is important. ②The meeting________(hold) now is important. ③The meeting ________(hold) yesterday was important. 【答案】①to be held

②being held

③held 考点

2

现在分词与过去分词的区别

现在分词作定语、宾语补足语、状语时，与它所补充说明的名词之间是主动关系；而过去分词作定语、宾语补足语、状语时，与它所补充说明的名词之间是被动关系。

基础再练：用所给词的适当形式填空：

①________(see) from the top of the hill，the people on the street look like ants.

________(see) the scene，the people on the street let out a cry of joy. ②The room________(face) south is our classroom.

The room ________(paint) white is mine. ③When I returned，I found the door ________(lock)．

When I returned，I found him ________(watch) TV. 【答案】①Seen；Seeing

②facing；painted

③locked；watching 考点3：不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别

①不定式作表语，一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。

1

动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。

②如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。

③过去分词作表语，表示“感到，觉得”，现在分词作表语，表示“令人……”。此类词有：embarrass，excite，interest，delight，disappoint，encourage，inspire，please，puzzle，satisfy，surprise，worry，convince等。

基础再练：用所给词的适当形式填空：

①His wish is ________(go) abroad. ②His hobby is________(collect) stamps. ③The most important thing is ________(negotiate) with them about the future of the plant. ④What he should do is ________(work) hard. ⑤He felt ________(embarrass)．

【答案】①to go

②collecting

③to negotiate

④work

⑤embarrassed 考点4：分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别

①下面的动词要求用不定式作宾补(动词＋宾语＋动词不定式)：

ask(请，叫)，tell(告诉)，get(使，让)，prefer(喜欢，宁愿)，like(喜欢)，force(强迫)，press(迫使)，require(要求)，request(请求)，advise(劝告)，pray(请求)，remind(提醒)，beg(请求)，invite(吸引，邀请)，command(命令)，order(命令)，intend(想要，企图)，drive(驱赶)，train(训练)，cause(引起)，instruct(指示)，direct(指导)，warn(告诫)，enable(使能够)，need(需要)，urge(激励，力说)，inspire(鼓舞)，encourage(鼓励)，want(想要)，lead(引起，使得)，teach(教)，wish(希望)。

②感官动词，如：see，watch，observe，notice，look at，hear，listen to，feel等。感官动词后可接不带to的不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语。

使役动词have，make的用法(注意have作为“有”的用法)：使役动词have可接不带to的不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语；make后接不带to的不定式、过去分词、名词、形容词作宾语补足语。

③catch，find，get，leave，keep，set，send后接非谓语动词作宾语补足语。

基础再练：用所给词的适当形式填空：

①I often hear him ________(sing) the song.

I often hear the song________(sing)．

I heard him ________(sing) the song when I passed by.

I heard the song ________(sing) when I passed by. ②I'm leaving for Beijing tomorrow. Do you have anything ________(take) to your son?

I won't have you ________(talk) to him like that!

I had him ________(repair) my bike.

I had my bike ________(repair)．

You shouldn't have the light ________(burn) all the night. ③His letter left me ________(feel) pretty bad.

He left the work________(unfinish)．

You can leave him ________(finish) the work.

What she said set me ________(think)．

The push sent him ________(fall) down. 【答案】①sing；sung；singing；being sung

②to be taken；talking；repair；repaired；burning

③feeling；unfinished；to finish；thinking；falling 2

考点

5

分词和动词不定式作状语的区别

分词作状语，除表示伴随之外还表示时间、让步或条件。

动词不定式作状语时，除了表示目的，还表示结果、情感或心理状态原因。尤其注意表示特性的形容词(comfortable，difficult，easy等)后接的不定式要用主动形式表示被动意义。

基础再练：用所给词的适当形式填空：

①________(turn) to the right，you will find the hospital. ②________(give) more time，I will finish the work. ③________(wait) for a bus，I met a friend of mine. ④He was excited ________(hear) the news. ⑤He did all he could ________(help) people in need. ⑥The place he referred to is hard ________(find)．

【答案】①Turning

②Given

③Waiting

④to hear

⑤to help

⑥to find 考点

6

with复合结构

with后面的宾补可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词(表主动)、过去分词(表被动)、不定式(表将来)。with复合结构在句中作原因或伴随状语，还可以作定语。

基础再练：用所给词的适当形式填空：

①With a lot of homework ________(finish)，I can't go with you. ②With a lot of homework ________(finish)，I went home and had a rest. ③With a boy ________(help) us，we found the place easily. 【答案】①to finish

②finished

③helping

基础再练：完成下列句子：

①Many people were missing，most of ________ women. ＝Many people were missing，most of ________were women. ②Time ________(permit)(＝If time permits)，we will go there. ③Time ________(give)(＝If time is given)，I will finish it alone. 【答案】①them；whom

②permitting

③given 考点7

被动形式表主动意义的几个动词

be seated＝sit，be located＝lie，be dressed in＝wear，be left＝remain，be devoted to＝devote oneself to。

基础再练：用所给词的适当形式填空：

①Do you know the girl________(seat) under the tree?

②There are many problems________(remain) to be solved.

There are many problems ________(leave) unsolved.

③________(devote) to science，he will be remembered forever.

________(devote) all his life to science，he will be remembered forever.

【答案】①seated

②remaining；left

③Devoted；Devoting 考点

8

非谓语动词的完成式和否定式

当非谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，要用完成式。非谓语动词的否定式放在不定式、动名词或分词前。

基础再练：用括号里所给词的适当形式填空：

①________(see) his mother，the child smiled. ②________(see) the film many times，I know it well. ③________(show) around the lab，the visitors were taken to the library. ④His mother told him ________(not leave) his work unfinished. 3

⑤He looked forward ________(not cancel) the concert. ⑥________(not receive) his answer，I decided to write to him again. 【答案】①Seeing

②Having seen

③Having been shown/Shown

④not to leave

⑤to not cancelling

⑥Not having received 考点

9

判断用并列谓语还是非谓语

有时要区分用谓语还是非谓语。现在分词作状语，表伴随动作和谓语动词的动作同时进行。并列谓语之间有and, 用在最后一个谓语前，构成A and B, 或A、B and C; 否则，要把其中一个变为非谓语。

基础再练：

①At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ______ down to eat our picnic lunch. A. sitting

B. having sat

C. to sit

D. sat ②As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ______，

and asked myself what I was going to do.

A. moved

B. moving

C. to move

D. being moved 【答案】①D

②B 经典引导：

1. (2014·江苏卷)The lecture ________，

a lively question－and－answer session followed.

A. being given

B. having given

C. to be given

D. having been given 2. (2014·福建卷)________ the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda

appears more mature than those of her age.

A. Spending

B. Spent

C. Having spent

D. To spend 3. (2014·湖南卷)________ ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thought and inner quietness. A. Having freed

B. Freed

C. To free

D. Freeing 4. (2014·浙江卷)Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ________ to guard her. A. to appoint

B.appointing

C. appointed

D. having appointed 5. (2014·天津卷)Clearly and thoughtfully ________，

the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. A. writing

B. to write

C. written

D. being written 6. (2013·江苏卷)Lionel Messi，________ the record for the most goals in a calendar year，is considered the most talented football player in Europe. A. set

B. setting

C. to set

D. having set 7. (2013·安徽卷)________ in the early 20th century，the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art. A. To found

B. Founding

C. Founded

D. Having founded 8. (2013·湖南卷)The sun began to rise in the sky，________ the mountain in golden light. A. bathed

B. Bathing

C. to have bathed

D. having bathed 9. (2013·全国新课标卷)They might just have a place ________ on the writing course—why don't you give it a try? A. leave

B. left

C. leaving

D. to leave 10. (2012·重庆卷)We're having a meeting in half an hour.The decision ________ at the meeting will influence the future of our company. A. to be made

B. being made

C. made

D. having been made 【答案】1. D

2. C

3. C

4. C

5. C

6. D

7. C

8. B

9. B

10. A 4

作

业

1. ________ on a clear day，far from the city crowds，the mountains gave him a sense of peace.

A. While walking

B. Walking

C. He was walking

D. When he was walking 2. ________ with Lei Feng，we still have a long way to go.

A. Comparing

B. Compared

C. To compare

D. Being compared 3. —Can I have the document right now?

—Of course. Wait a minute and I'll have my secretary ________ it for you.

A. to print

B. printing

C. printed

D. print 4. I really like this song as it is often heard ________everywhere in China.

A. singing

B. sung

C. having sung

D. to sing 5. The door ________ tomorrow will get dry the day after tomorrow.

A. painted

B. to be painted

C. being painted

D. to paint 6. ________ that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis，people are optimistic about the future of the country.

A. Convincing

B. Convinced

C. To convince

D. Having convinced 7. He could do nothing but ________ what he had said.

A. to take back

B. to be taken back

C. taking back

D. take back 8. I flew to Paris this morning，my assistant ________ me there this Friday.

A. joining

B. to join

C. will join

D. wants to join 9. ________ Australia's relatively small population，its outstanding performance in the Olympic Games was really ________．

A. Supposing；amazing

B. Comparing；amazed C. Considering；amazing

D. Given；amazed 10. I came into the classroom，________ my seat and sat down to read. A. finding

B. to find

C. found

D. to be found 11. Who would you rather ________ with you to the cinema? A. have to go

B. have go

C. have gone

D. go 12. Many businessmen attended the Boao Forum because they knew what ________ from it. A. getting

B. to be got

C. got

D. to get 13. She seemed ________ who I was，so I had to introduce myself.

A. to not recognize

B. not to recognize

C. to have not recognized

D. not to have recognized 14. —Have you finished your task now?

—Not yet. So much time has been wasted ________ its details aimlessly this morning. A. being assessed

B. to assess

C. assessed

D. assessing 15. I'm going through the composition he has just finished ________ the possible mistakes in it. A. correct

B. to correct

C. having corrected

D. corrected 16. If you are caught ________，you'll be expelled from school. A. having cheated

B. cheating

C. to have cheated

D. to cheat 17. ________ to his work resulted in his great success. A. Devoted

B. Being devoted

C. Devoting

D. To devote 5

18. ______ the website of the Fire Department in your city，and you will learn a lot about firefighting.

A. Having searched

B. To search

C. Searching

D. Search 19. This is the very plan that I'd like to see ________ in the next two months. A. carry out

B. to be carried out

C. being carried out

D. carried out 20. On the bank of the river，we found him ________ on a beach，with his eyes ________ on a kite in the sky.

A. seated；fixing

B. sitting；fixing

C. seated；fixed

D. sitting；being fixed 21. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ________ at the end of last March.

A. has been launched

B. having been launched

C. being launched

D. to be launched

22. —Christine, are we leaving right away or...?

—But Jove insists on us ________ in her house for the night.

A. staying

B. to stay

C. Stayed

D. stay

23. I remembered ________ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. locking

B. to lock

C. having locked

D. to have locked 24. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ________ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A. being weighed

B. to weigh

C. weighed

D. weighing 25. I have a lot of readings ________ before the end of this term. A. Completing

B. to complete

C. completed

D. being completed 26. He sat calmly on the platform, ________ to answer the question. A. prepare

B. preparing

C. prepared

D. to prepare 27. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ________ anything that happened to be on.

A. to watch

B. watching

C. Watched

D. to have watched 28. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words. A. lose

B. Lost

C. to lose

D. having lost 29. The boy often gives a satisfactory answer to the teacher's question, ________ just a minute. So he is usually the teacher's pet. A. thought

B. having thought

C. and to think

D. thinking 30. —Who should be responsible for the accident? —The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order as ________．

A. told

B. being told

C. telling

D. to be told 【答案】1. D

2. B

3. D

4. B

5. B

6. B

7. D

8. B

9. C

10. C

11. B

12. D

13. D

14. D

15. B

16. B17. B

18. D

19. D

20. C

21. B

22. A

23. B

24. D

25. B

26. C

27. A

28. B

29. B

30. A 6