Grammar and usage(1): Direct speech and reported speech第一课时教学实录

M4U1语法

Grammar and usage (1) Direct Speech & Reported/Indirect Speech直接引语&间接引语

学习目标：

了解直接引语为陈述句和疑问句时变间接引语的变化规律。

学习方法指导：

1. 借助课本P8完成课前自学部分的练习。

2. 课堂学习时请用红色笔在导学案和课本上更正或补充笔记。

3. 将不理解的地方标记出来。

课时安排：

1课时

I 课前自学

快读P8划出直接引语、间接引语的定义并试着译成中文。

直接引语是

。

间接引语是

。

判断下面两个句子哪句是直接引语，哪句是间接引语并翻译成中文。

1. She said, "I work very hard." 第1句是

引语

译文：

。

2. She said (that) she worked very hard.

第2句是

引语

译文：

。

II课堂合作学习

【观察思考】

1.直接引语是陈述句或疑问句时变间接引语的常用什么表达形式？

2.下面三组句子由直接引语变间接引语时有哪些变化规律？

①He said to me, "I really enjoy myself." ②He told me (that) he really enjoyed himself．

③She said, "Will you come here tomorrow, Tom?" ④She asked Tom whether/if he would go there the next day. ⑤He said to me, "Where is your pen?" ⑥He asked me where my pen was.

【归纳总结】

1. 直接引语是陈述句或疑问句变间接引语时常用

从句表达

2. 直接引语是陈述句或疑问句时变间接引语的变化规律：

①主句的谓语动词

a. 宾语从句是陈述句，主句谓语said to改为

等词。

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M4U1语法

b. 宾语从句是疑问句，主句谓语said (to)改为

等词。

②直接引语中的呼语

直接引语中的

常变为主句的间接宾语。

③标点符号

a. 去掉

。

b. 句末标点看

（主/从）句。

④宾语从句的引导词

He said to me, “I am very busy.”

He told me

he was very busy. “I must leave early,” she said to me.

She told

me

she had to leave early. a. 陈述句用

，口语中可省

He said, “Can you swim,

John?”

He asked John

he could swim. Tom said to me, “Have you called me?”

Tom asked me

I had called him. b. 一般疑问句用

He said, “Where are you going?”

He asked

I was going. She said, “Why are you late again, Mike?”

She asked Mike

he was late again. c. 特殊疑问句用仍用

⑤宾语从句的语序

He said to me, “Do you live in London?”

He asked me if/whether

in London. She asked, “How do you study Chinese, Tom?”

She asked Tom how

Chinese. 用

语序即主语在谓语

（前/后）。从句的代词改人称，

从句谓语改时态。

注意：(问句中有助动词

时应去掉)

⑥宾语从句的代词的人称

He said，“I have done my work.” →He said that

had done

work．

a. 直接引语的第

人称变间接引语时和主句中的

语人称一致。

简称

。

He said to me，“Do you enjoy yourself？”

→He asked me if

enjoyed

．

b. 直接引语的第

人称变间接引语时和主句中的间接

语人称一致。

简称

。

He said，“Is she a teacher？”→He asked if

was a teacher．

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M4U1语法

c. 直接引语的第

人称变间接引语时人称

。简称

。

⑦宾语从句的时态P8 直接引语

一般现在时

一般将来时

现在进行时

一般过去时

现在完成时

过去完成时

间接引语

直接引语变间接引语(宾语从句)用

（现在/过去）的某个时态。

注意：

a.

表真理，格言，谚语等时用

时态。

改错：

He said, “ The earth is round.” -He said that the earth was round.

改为

b. 有过去时间或出生地等时用

时态。

改错：

She said, “I was born in 1968.”- She said that she had been born in 1968.

改为

⑧宾语从句的时间、地点状语、指示代词、个别动词有变化。P8 直接引语

today tomorrow yesterday last year next year a week ago this these now here come bring

间接引语

改错：

He said, “I will come here to buy the book this weekend.”

-He said (that) he would come here to buy the book this weekend. 注意：如果当时、当地转述，该句正确。如果不是，则应按要求变化。

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M4U1语法

改为

,

改为

,

改为

III课堂检测

1. 单选

①Mary asked me ______.

A. had I worked three days ago

B. had I worked three days before

C. if I had worked three days ago

D. if I had worked three days before ②We really didn’t know ___ to help him.

A. what he could do B. how could he do C. whether he can do D. what can he did 2. 填空

①

“I can do it myself,” she said.

She said

do it

. ②

“Do you live in the South?” he asked.

He asked

in the South. ③

He asked, “How are you getting along with your studies these days, Mary?”

He asked

getting along

with

studies

days.

3. 成对口语练习

①

A: “Have you bought presents for your mothers?” I asked my friends.

B:

. B: I’m not sure how Mum will feel when she gets my present,

but I’ve made up my mind to give her one,” I said. A:

. ②

A: The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”

B:

. B: “What do you want?” he asked me. A:

. IV当堂总结

1.主句谓语

①宾语从句是陈述句，主句谓语said to改为

等。

②宾语从句是疑问句，主句谓语said (to)改为

等。

2.直接引语的

常变为主句的间接宾语。

3.标点：去掉

；句末标点看

(主/从)句。

4.宾语从句的引导词

①陈述句用

，口语中可省，

②一般疑问句用

，③特殊疑问句仍用

。

5.宾语从句的语序用

语序即主语在谓语

(前/后)。

注意：(问句中有助动词

时应去掉)。

6.宾语从句的代词的人称变化口诀:

。

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M4U1语法

7.宾语从句的时态用

（现在/过去）的某个时态

。

8.宾语从句的时间、地点状语、指示代词、个别动词改变。

V家庭作业P92 C1

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