Grammar教案1

定冠词与零冠词

定冠词the的用法

Why do you think “the” is necessary?

the Internet the World Wide Web

the head teacher the universe

the world the sun

the official language the moon

the president the capital

1. 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物The guy in the back row is my close friend.

2. 表示世界上独一无二的事物The sun is bigger than the moon

3. 指上文已出现过或者说话者刚才谈及的人或事物

An old man lived in a small house near a forest. One day the old man left the house and went into the forest to gather wood.

4. 用于单数可数名词或形容词前,表示一类人或事物的整体.

Take care of the wounded and the dying.(救死扶伤)

5.用于姓的复数前, 指全家或全家一些人the Zhangs, the Smiths

6. 可以和某些集合名词连用,表示整个民族、阶层等:

The English have a wonderful sense of humor.

The Chinese people are the greatest in the world.

7. 用于江,河,海洋,山脉,群岛,海峡,海湾等专有名称前:

the Yellow River, the English channel, the Taiwan

Straits, the Indian Ocean, the Philippines

8. 由普通名词构成的专有名词(某些国名,政治组织,

机构,学校,建筑,报刊杂志等)很多要加定冠词.

the United States, the United Nations the British Museum, the Summer Palace

the Times, the Washington Post, the People’s Daily

零冠词的用法

1. 一些专有名词前如国名,人名前通常不用定冠词:England, Mary, China

2.泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不

用定冠词

Women live longer than men in most countries. They are teachers

3. 抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词

Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。

Life is short; art is long. 生命短暂,艺术长存.

4. 物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词

Man cannot live without water.You can’t mix oil with water.

5. 在季节、月份、节日、

假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；

We go to school from Monday to Friday.

Leaves turn yellow in autumn

6. 在称呼,身份,职业,或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词

Mr Liu, principal of Chengdu No.7 is accessible. … is monitor of our class.

7. 在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词What would you like for breakfast, sir?

8. 当by

与火车,轮船,飞机等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时 eg :by bus，by train

9. 有些抽象化的个体名词前一般不用冠词；如：

school, college, prison, sea, hospital, bed, table, class, town, church, university

等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义

go to hospital

去医院看病go to the hospital去医院

(不是去看病,而是有其他目的)

He has been in prison for five years

10. 在daybreak, dawn, noon, midnight, night, sunset, sunrise这类时间名词前都不加冠词.

He used to wake up at daybreak every day.

11. 下面这类名词前通常不加冠词:

大多数街名, 广场名(Times Square),

车站,机场,公园,

桥梁名(London Bridge),大学名(Yale University),

节日名(National Day, New Year’s Day

12. 很多情况下,是否要加冠词,常常是一个习惯用法问

题,特别是在一些固定的词组中,有时是说不出的道理

in town in the city 在城 catch cold have a cold 感冒了

at a distance 在一定距离外 in the distance 在远处

Conclusion:

用法

定冠词用于特指某（些）人或某（些）物。

例子

用在表示宇宙间独一无二的 the world, the universe, the sun, the moon the Internet

名词前

在含有名词的专有名词（国 the United States, the Great Wall, the White 名、组织机构名、建筑物House

名）前

在单数名词前，表示类别

the panda

在某些形容词前，表示“一 the young, the old, the wounded

类人”

Zero articles

category

Continents

Countries and cities

examples

Asia, Europe, Oceania, Africa America, Antarctica

China, Argentina, Australia, India, France (exceptions: the Netherlands, the Lebanon

Plural and Snow is cold.

uncountable nouns in Guns are dangerous.

general statements