Listening and vocabulary课堂实录【3】

高一英语

必修一 Module 6 词汇学案

Key words: 1.

contain

vt. 包含，包括；容纳；控制，克制

e.g. The book contains eight units. （成分或组成部分）

(对比：The tour includes a visit to Paris. 部分与整体

)

The theatre can contain 300 people. 这个剧场能容纳300人。[同]: hold, seat, admit

contain oneself 克制自己

e.g. He is a man who can’t contain himself.

他是一个无法克制自己的人。

container

n. 容器

[C] 2.

access

n.

接近；通路；使用权

have/get/gain/obtain access to 接近，进入，使用

vt.

取得，获取

access data/information 获取数据/信息

e.g. Citizens may have free access to the library. 市民可以免费使用图书馆。

accessible

adj. 易到达的；易得到的；易接近的

e.g. Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.

药物不应放在容易被小孩拿到的地方。

accessibly

adv. 易到达地；易得到地；易接近地

3.

crash

vi.&n. （车）撞毁，（飞机）坠毁，（公司）破产，（计算机）崩溃

e.g. The car/plane/company/computer crashed.

4.

keyword

n. 密码；口令；关键词

[联]: keyboard

n. 键盘

key

n.

钥匙；答案；关键；键

adj.

主要的，关键的

e.g. key points 要点

5.

software

n. 软件

[反]: hardware

n. 硬件

6.

breakdown

n.

故障

[联]: breakthrough

n. 突破，重大发现

7.

source

n. 源头，发源地；来源，出处

the source of the Yellow River 黄河的源头

the source of the article 文章的出处

[对比] resource

n. 资源

(pl.)

natural/mineral resources 自然/矿产资源

8.

data

n.

数据(复)

[联]: database

n. 数据库

9.

defence

n. 保护；防卫

[反]: offence, attack

national/air defence 国/空防

defend

vt. 防守，保卫

[反]: offend, attack defend the environment from/against being polluted 保护环境免受污染

defend oneself 自我防卫

defensive

adj. 防御性的

defensive positions 防御阵地

defender

n. 保护人，防御者

10.

create

vt. 创造，创作

create a character

塑造人物

create job chances 创造就业机会

creation

n. 创作，作品

creature

n. 生物，动物

creator

n. 创造者，造物主

creative

adj. 有创造力的

creativity

n. 创造力

11.

network

n. 网络

social network 社交网

railway network 铁路网

12.

via

prep. 途径(by way of)；通过(through)

go to Beijing via Tianjin 途径天津去北京

get information via the Internet 通过互联网获得信息

13.

design

vt. 设计; 打算

design sth. for sb. 为某人设计某物

n.

设计;

意图

by design 故意地

[同]: on purpose

[反]: by accident/chance 偶然地, 意外地

have designs on 对...有不良企图

e.g. He is a man who always has designs on others’ money.

他是一个总是对他人钱财有不良企图的人.

designer

n. 设计者

14.

document

n.

文件

document folder 文件夹

15.

permission

n. 允许，许可

e.g. He came into the manager’s office without permission 他未经许可就进了经理的办公室。

permit

vt. 允许

[同]: allow

vt. 允许

permit doing 允许做

permit sb. to do 允许某人做

n. 许可证，执照

business/driving permit 营业/驾驶执照

[同]: license

16.

military

adj. 军事的；军队的

military power

军事力量

military training

军训

17.

concentrate

v. 集中，专注

concentrate (one’s attention/energy) on/upon sth. 集中（注意力/精力）于某事

[同]: focus on 专注于

e.g. You should concentrate (your attention) on/upon your work. 你应该专注于工作。

concentration

n. 集中，专注

1

高一英语

必修一 Module 6 词汇学案

18.

definite

adj. 明确的，确切的

a definite reply 一个明确的答复

definitely

adv. 明确地，确切地

e.g. The date of the move hasn’t been definitely decided yet. 搬迁的日期还没有明确确定下来。

19.

fantastic

adj. 幻想的，异想天开的；[口] 极好的，美妙的

[联]: fantasy

n. 幻想；幻想作品

20.

independent

adj. 独立的；有主见的

be independent of

不依靠，独立于

dependent

adj. 依赖的；依靠的

be dependent on/upon 依赖，依靠，取决于

dependence

n. 依靠，依赖

independence

n. 独立

depend

vi.

依赖，依靠；取决于

depend on/upon 依赖，依靠；取决于

21.

essay

n.

散文，随笔，小品文

[联]: essayist

n. 散文作者，小品文作者

22.

pass

v. 超过，经过，通过，传，递

[对]: past

prep. 超过，经过；adj. 过去的；n. 过去

23.

frequently

adv. 频繁地，经常地

frequent

adj. 频繁的，经常的

frequency

n. 频繁；频率

24.

disadvantage

n. 劣势，不利；缺点，不利条件[C]

put/place sb at a disadvantage 使某人处于不利地位

be at a disadvantage

处于劣势

to one’s disadvantage 对某人不利

advantage

n. 优势，好处，利益[U]；优点，有利条件[C]

have/gain an advantage over 胜过；优于

take advantage of 利用

(=make use of) 25.

average

adj. 平均的，普通的，平常的

the average temperature 平均温度

an average man

普通人

n. 平均，平均数，平均水平

above/below the average 在平均水平之上/下

on (an/the) average 平均地

v. 平均，均分

averagely

adv. 平均地

26.

statistics

n. 统计数字，统计资料，统计学

statistical

adj. 统计的，统计学的

statistically

adv. 统计地，统计学地

27.

shorten

vt. 使变短，缩短

[联]: widen, brighten, broaden, weaken, sharpen, darken, deepen, etc.

short

adj. 短的；短缺的

be short for

是…的缩写

be short of

缺乏

28.

sideways

adv. 横着；斜着

sit sideways on the chair 侧坐在椅子上

look sideways at him 斜着眼睛看他

Key phrases: 1.

consist of

由…组成

[同]: be made up of, be composed of 由…组成

e.g. The class consists of ten boys and twelve girls. 这个班级由10个男孩和12个女孩组成。consist in 在于

[同]: lie in 在于

e.g. Happiness consists in good health. 幸福在于健康。

consist with 与...一致

[同]: agree with

e.g. His words didn’t agree with his actions. 他的言行不一. 2.

as well 也（肯定句尾）

e.g. If you have no pen, a pencil will do as well. 如果你没有钢笔，铅笔也行。

[比较]: 各种“也”的用法

She likes traveling, too. 她也喜欢旅游.（肯定句尾，逗号）

She plays the piano as well. 她也弹钢琴。（肯定句尾）

He doesn’t want to go either. 他也不想去. （否定句尾）

She also won a gold medal in the 2012 Olympic Games. （行前be后）

她在2012年奥运会上也赢得了一枚金牌.

as well as 和…一样；既…又…

e.g He as well as his parents is fond of collecting stamps. 他和他父母都喜欢集邮。

may/might as well (do) 最好（做），不妨（做）

e.g. As there isn’t anything more to do, I might as well go home early.

既然这里没有别的事要做，我不妨早点回家。

may well (do) 很可能（做）

e.g. The question may well be still under discussion. 这个问题很可能仍在讨论中。

3.

become/be known as

作为…而出名

2

高一英语

必修一 Module 6 词汇学案

e.g. Mo Yan is known as a writer. 莫言作为作家而出名。

be known for 因…而出名

e.g. Mo Yan is known for Red Sorghum. 莫言因《红高粱》而出名。

be known to 为（某人）所知

e.g. Mo Yan is known to people all over the world after winning the Nobel Literature Prize.

在获得诺贝尔文学奖之后，莫言为全世界读者所知。

3.

He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland. (P52)

4.

Berners-Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet, not just universities and the army. (P52) 4.

come up with 提出，想出

e.g. I hope you can come up with a better plan. 我希望你能提出一个更好的计划。

come up （计划、建议等）被提出；走进，上来；长出，发芽

come across 偶然遇到，无意中找到

come back 回来；忆起；（时尚）又流行起来

5.come about 发生

come out 出来；长出；被出版；结果是

5.

compared with/to…

与…相比

e.g. Compared with life on earth, life on Mars will be better in many ways.

与地球上的生活相比，火星上的生活在很多方面会更好。

compare A with B 把A比作B 6.compare A to B 把A比作B

6.

point out 指出

point at 指向（目标）

point to 指向（方向）

7.

from that moment on 从那时起

[同]: from then on;

[联]: from now on从现在起

7.

e.g. He fell in love with music from that moment on. 从那时起，他就喜欢上了音乐。

Key sentences:

1.

It consists of millions of pages of data. (P52)

8.

2.

The Word Wide Web (the web) is a computer network that allows computer users to access information from

millions of websites via the Internet. (P52)

9.

3 He designed the first “web browser”, which allowed computer users to access documents from other computers. (P52) Berners-Lee built his first computer while he was at university using an old television. (P52) Our English teacher is excellent, but she can’t help everyone in the class in 50 minutes. (P56) It would be much better if we spent the time working on a computer. (P56) Two percent of the total population of China have access to the Internet, compared with 45 percent in the USA and 15 percent in Japan. (P56)