Learning about Language教学设计(第一课时)

Unit 5

Meeting your ancestors

核心单词

1. alternative n.可供选择的事物；（两者或以上）可能的选择

adj. 供选择的, 二选一的

常用结构：

have no alternative but to do sth. 只能做某事；除¡­¡­外别无选择

We have no alternative but to go on. 除了继续下去,我们别无选择。

There was no other alternative but to fight till the victory. 除了战斗到胜利,别无选择。

联想拓展：

alternatively adv. 或者，二者择一地

alternate vt. 使交替；vi.交替；adj. 交替的；轮流的

高手过招：

(1)单项填空

In this school, the students have three courses, and seven courses. A. required; alternative B. requiring; alternative C. required; alternate D. requiring; alternate 解析：选A。require(尤指根据法规) 规定、需要，此处用过去分词required修饰courses，因为两者之间为被动关系。后空意思为¡°选择，选其一¡±，alternative符合句意。

(2)单句改错

①I had no alternative but report him to the police. ②You have the alternative to speaking or keeping quiet. ③Tom and Harry do the work on alternative days. 答案：①report前加to ②to→of ③alternative→ alternate 2. arrest vt. 逮捕，拘留，吸引(注意) n.[C]逮捕

常用结构：

be arrested for sth. 因某事而被捕

attention吸引某人的注意

under arrest被捕；被拘留

The criminal was arrested yesterday.那名罪犯昨天被捕了。

What she did arrested my attention. 她所做的吸引了我的注意力。

高手过招

用适当的介词或arrest 的适当形式填空

①I got arrested careless driving. ②Her uncle was arrest, but nobody knew the reason. ③Five youths in connection with the attack. ④The public applauded the of the criminal suspect.

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答案：①for ②under ③were arrested ④arrest

3. preserve v.保护,维持,保存

常用结构：

preserve sth. from 使¡­¡­免遭¡­¡­

You can preserve meat or fish in salt.你可以用盐保存肉或鱼。

It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order. 警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。

联想拓展：

preservable adj. 可保存的

preservation n. 保存

preserver n. 保护者，保存者 易混辨析：

preserve/conserve/reserve/protect preserve v. 保护，维持，保存；

conserve v.保存，保护，强调珍惜；

reserve v. 指意见、看法的保留或座位的预定；

protect v. 保护，强调使其免受破坏或损害。

高手过招

(1)单项填空

①In spite of failing to save every endangered species, we may preserve the majority extinction.

A. Against B. with C. beyond D. from ②It is the duty of the police to social order. A. Save B.reserve C.preserve D. rescue ①解析：选D。preserve sth. from 使¡­¡­免遭¡­¡­，符合句意。

②解析：选C。A、D两项都意为¡°拯救¡±；B项意为¡°保留，保存¡±；C项意为¡°保护，维持¡±。根据句意可知，选C。

(2)完成句子

①夏天收获的大量水果可冷藏或装瓶加以保存。

In the summer, large crops of fruit may by freezing or bottling. ②我认为这些有趣的旧习俗应该保存下去。

I think these interesting old customs

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答案：①be preserved②should be preserved

4. relief n.减轻，解除

常用结构：

bring /seek/find/give/feel relief 带来/寻求/找到/予以/感到解脱

使某人宽慰的是¡­¡­

relief road 备用车道

relief map 地形图

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I felt great relief when I heard I had passed the examination. 当听到已经通过考试时，我感到轻松了许多。

联想拓展：

发泄感情

relieve sb. of 使某人解除

The minister was relieved of his post. 部长被解除了职务。

高手过招：

单项填空

Hearing the news that her son was found, she breathed a sigh of .

A.excitement B. joy C. relief D. belief 解析：选C。按照句意此处为¡°减轻忧虑，松了一口气¡±，C项符合句意。

5. assume vt. 设想，假定；主观认为；装出¡­¡­的样子

常用结构：

assume sb./sth. to be 假定/认为某人/事是¡­¡­

We assumed that you understood the situation. 我们认为你了解形势。 他装出一副见多识广的样子，而实际上他知之甚少。

联想拓展：

assumed adj.假装的，假的；假定的，设想的 an assumed result假定的结果

assuming adj.自负的，傲慢的，过分自信的；

conj. 假如 (后跟从句) assumption n. 假定，设想

His look of astonishment was assumed. 他那惊讶的样子是装出来的。

He is too assuming in this attitude about the energy supply.他在对待能源问题的态度上显得过于自信。

Assuming that the weather is favourable, farmers will have a bumper harvest. 假如风调雨顺，今年农民将获丰收。

高手过招

完成句子

①假如今天下午下雨我们该怎么办呢？ this afternoon, what shall we do? ②在证实他有罪之前我们必须要假定他是清白的。

We innocent until he is proved guilty. 答案：①Assuming it rains②must assume him to be 6. somehow adv. 不知怎么地；以¡­¡­方式

常用结构：

somehow or other 不知是什么原因；由于某种原因；以某种方式

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Somehow or other we became friends, I never knew just why it was.不知何故我们成了朋友，我绝不知道为什么会这样。

易混辨析：

anyhow/somehow/somewhat anyhow 意为¡°无论如何¡±，相当于 anyway；at any rate；

somehow 意为¡°以某种方式(in some way or other)¡±或¡°由于某种原因¡±；

somewhat 意为¡°从某种意义上讲；有几分¡±，相当于 in a way, rather。

也不知为什么，我总觉得能得到那份工作。

Somehow we must get to Glasgow. 我们得设法到格拉斯哥去。

He could have finished it on schedule, but somehow he fell behind.他原本能按预定进度做完这件事的，但不知怎么却落后了。

I am somewhat tired of this book. 我对这本书有点厌烦。

高手过招

选词填空(somehow/anyhow/somewhat）

①We must get the work finished or other by tomorrow morning. ②It may rain, but I shall go out，

d the rain. ③The price was higher than I¡¯d expected. 答案：①somehow②anyhow③somewhat

重点短语

7. regardless of adj. 不管, 不顾

People should be hired regardless of race and sex. 雇用人员应没有种族、性别的差异。 He continued speaking, regardless of my feelings on the matter. 他不顾及我在此事上的感受而继续往下说。

联想拓展：

regardless adv. 无论如何；不管；不顾

disregarding /in spite of /despite 三者意义和用法相同，区别不大。

regardlessness n. 不注意

温馨提示：

in spite of the fact that句式表示¡°虽然；即使,不管事实上如何¡±。 although/though conj. 尽管，虽然；其后接句子。

高手过招：

单项填空

① the difficulties in talking, they can understand each other by body language.

A. Regardless of B. Although C. Though D. In spite ②Some people act regardless what will happen afterwards.

A.with B. as C. of D. for ①解析：选A。although与though是连词，后需跟句子，而the difficulties in talking是名词短语，故排除。D项表达有误。故选A。

②解析：选C。regardless of不顾，不管。符合句意。

8. fed up with

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受够了;厌烦;饱受

I¡¯m fed up with waiting for her.我等她都等得不耐烦了。

What¡¯s the matter? You look pretty fed up. 怎么啦？你显得那么不耐烦。

联想拓展： feed sb./sth. on sth. 给（人或动物）食物；喂；饲养

feed on（动物）以¡­¡­为主食

feed sth. to sb./sth. 给（人或动物）某物作为食物 高手过招：

用适当的介词填空

①Several children were feeding bread the ducks. ②What do you feed your dog ? ③Cows feed grass. ④ the same breakfast every morning.

答案：

①to ②on ③on ④with 9. cut up 切碎；使伤心，严厉批评

getables? 彼得，为何不把蔬菜切碎了呢？

联想拓展：

cut off 切断；剪掉

cut down 砍伐；削减

cut in 打断

cut out 剪去，删去;略去

cut into pieces 切成碎片

我说话时别插嘴! 高手过招

单项填空

Half the forest was to make room for the new road.

A.cut off B. cut down C. cut up D. cut away

解析：选B。考查短语辨析。cut off 切除；cut down 砍倒；cut up 将（木头等）分解开。

10. look ahead 向前看；为将来打算

联想拓展：

look back 向后看；

回顾

look out 留神；注意

look into 调查

look up 查找；形势好转；看望

look up to sb. 钦佩/尊敬某人

look through 仔细查阅

look forward to sth./doing sth. 盼望着

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look on 旁观；看作

look over 快速浏览;复习

look down (on/upon sth.) 向下看；

轻视

Look out! There is danger ahead!当心!前面危险!

我盼望今年暑假能见到你。

高手过招：

完成句子

①You should (翻阅字典查查这个生词). ②I am (盼望) hearing from you as soon as possible. ③ (当心) or you will catch cold. ④I have to (复习笔记) for the exam. 答案：①look up the word in a dictionary ②looking forward to ③Look out ④look over my notes 重点句型

11. If only it could be just like last year! 要是能像去年那样该有多好啊！

if only但愿；要是¡­¡­就好了。其后一般用虚拟语气。

If only I were a doctor. 这句话用的是一般过去时，意思是：我现在要是个医生就好了。与现在相对应的句子用一般过去时。

If only I had said nothing. 而这句用的是过去完成时，意思是：我当时什么都不说就好了。是与过去时态相对应的，故用过去完成时。

这句可以理解为一般现在时的虚拟语气，所以句子中使用了一般过去时态。原意为：要是我儿子不在电视前面待那么长时间就好了。

温馨提示：

only if表示¡°只有，只要¡±，

后接让步状语从句，主句采用倒装句式。

I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。

Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to enter this room. 只有得到老师的允许，学生才能进入这个房间。

高手过招：

单项填空

Look your advice. A. Followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow 解析：选C。由句意可知此处为if only引导的条件状语从句，且用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。

12. Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna. 她突然坐了下来，结果被爱吵闹的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。

only to do 是不定式作结果状语，意为¡°不料，结果却¡±,表示出乎意料或令人失望的

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结果。

I hurried to the post office only to find it closed. 我匆忙地去邮局，却发现它已经关门了。

He hurried home only to find the guests had left. 他匆匆忙忙赶回家, 结果发现客人们已经走了。

温馨提示：

现在分词也可以作状语表示结果，但表示的是意料之中的结果。

He dropped the glasses on the ground, bursting it into pieces.他把眼镜掉在了地

上，摔成了碎片。

高手过招：

单项填空

He got to the airport to find that the plane had left two minutes before. A.just B. only C. in order D. almost 解析：选B。¡°only+不定式¡±结构表示令人失望的结果。句意为：他到达机场，结果却

发现飞机在两分钟之前就飞走了。

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