Learning about Language优秀说课稿

The Skills of Proof-reading 高考专题之短文改错

一、考查目的：

短文改错既考查基础语法知识的运用，也考查了学生的语言意识。错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等。

二、考查内容：

通过对近5年高考短文改错试题的分析与研究，错误的类型主要包括以下几个方面:

名词、动词时态和语态、非谓语动词、代词、冠词、介词、形容词和副词、连词、其他

三、错误检查清单

1.介词错误：误用，多余，漏用

1.One morning, I was waiting for the bus stop, worried about being late for school. 2.We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sit by the lake listening music. 3.She married with a man with a lot of money.

2.名词错误：单复数

1.It was with great joys that Tom received the news that his lost son had been found. 2.They have all sorts of course.

I’m sure you will find one you like.

3.He lost his way yesterday. Otherwise, he would have visited more places of interests.

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3.时态和语态误用

1.I have told one more worker will be needed this year and I think you are fit for it. 2.I’m glad to learn that you’ve been settled down in

Boston and are getting used to the local way of life. 3.It has been a long time since we meet in China last time.

4.冠词误用：定冠词表特指，漏用，多余

1. Last Sunday I saw a worst storm in years. It came suddenly and went on for over three days.

2.The sports meeting was great success. 3.When children are ill, I try my best to take a good care of them. 5.

词性错误：形容词与副词误用

1. Who works the most careful in your class?

2. This book isn’t as cheaper as that one.

3. The Huanghe River is the second longer river in China.

4.The bad meat smells terribly.

6.行文逻辑中副词误用：before,ago,

somewhere,everywhere, never,ever,

here,there等

1. Since you have visited Greece several times, I would like to know whether you have seen the old buildings here.

2. The air keeping the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was coming up.

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7.

非谓语动词误用

1. I’m looking forward to hear from you soon.

2. I had always wanted return to the village after moving away.

3.The boss makes them to work twelve hours a day.

4. Never lost faith in himself, the scientist was determined to carry on with the research, no matter what others said. 8.连词误用：and, or, but 1. He is a shy man, and he is not afraid of anything or anyone.

2. Though he works hard , but he didn’t pass the exam.

3.Give me a hand, I 'll give you a wonderful surprise. 9.代词误用：指代一致性

1. As a student, you'd better learn how to write down notes in class before you forget it. 2. If a woman does not extend her hand to the man first, the man shouldn't offer theirs. 3. I like in the winter when snow covers the whole world. 10.从句引导词误用：定语从句，状语从句，名词性从句

1. I live in Beijing , where is the capital of China.

2. Police have found that appears to be the lost ancient statue. 3.—What did he think of the trip to Beijing last month?

—He had such a good time that he visited the Great Wall. 11.

主谓一致错误

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1. I'm going to spend the summer vacation in Shanghai, where live my grandfather. 2. Here are the information about Manchester University.

3. I have habit of taking a coffee, which make me feel energetic when I have to stay up late. 12.其他：many,much误用，there be句型等

1. Much rare animals are dying out. 2. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. 3.I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him. 四、Team-work

1. I need some more informations.

2. The bad news that his son was killed in the earthquake made us feel sadly.

3. With a boy led the way, they started towards the village.

4. Her parents always talk to her with German.

5. Whatever you do, and I'll be right here waiting for you.

6. The party the students had been looking forward to being held yesterday evening at last.

7. We found some wood and carried them back to the cave.

8. I can’t stop because I’m in hurry.

9. Early to bed and early to rise are a good habit.

10. I also enjoyed the days when we spent together.

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五、原则

“四不改”原则：

1.单词拼写不改

2.大小写不改

3.词序错误不改（应从错词或少词方面考虑）

4.标点符号不改

“五改动”原则：

1.忠实于原文原则（不可改变原文的原意）

2.错误以改动最少为原则

3.虚词以添加或删除为原则

4.实词以改变形式为原则

5.客观性和唯一性原则（正确内容不能多种表达方式去替换）

六、2017年高考真题练习

Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables！

七、改错口诀

短文改错口诀解题:

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综观全文通文意，前后贯通时态析；

见到谓语找主语，主谓一致找状语；

见到名词想单复，是否可数要牢记；

见到代词找指代，指代通常不合理；

见到平行看结构，形式功能求统一；

冠词虽小乾坤大，固定搭配要熟记；名从定从与状从，引词作用记心里；and, but, or或so，句中谓语就一个，其余现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动；若是用了不定式，多数情况表目的。

行文逻辑要清晰；

动词非谓语；

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