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Teaching Design Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Period 3 Grammar: The Past Participle as Attribute, Predicative and Object Complement 河北省唐县第一中学

田

慧

ⅠTeaching Goals Enable the students to master the usage of the past participles as predicative, attribute and object complement better by revising it.

ⅡTeaching important ＆

difficult points

To analyse and distinguish the different usage of the past participle in the concrete context. ⅢTeaching methods Explanation, Practice.

ⅣTeaching aids a blackboard & Multi-media

Teaching Design Procedure

1.The basic flow chart of teaching Revision →

Presentation and exercise →Test for goal →

Summary →Post-teaching 2.Teaching situation:

Step1. Lead in

Guessing game

An introduction of Steve Jobs Step2:动词-ed形式作定语

过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词

(the Participle Adjective), 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。如：

spoken English (英语口语)；iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆条); 【重点和难点】——前置定语和后置定语

1. 不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。如：fallen leaves落叶；retired workers退休工人；the risen sun升起的太阳。

2. 用作后置定语的过去分词通常也来自及物动词，表示被动意义和完成意义。这时过去分词相当于一个定语从句。例如：

1. Is there anything planned for tonight?

(=that has been planned for tonight) 2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success．

(=which was attended by a lot of people) 【辨析】过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语时的区别：

动词-ing形式作定语时与所修饰的名词之间是主动关系，表示动作正在进行；而过去分词作定语时，则表示被动或完成意义。如：

Mr Smith, tired of the boring speech, started to read a novel. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses paid vacation to China. Test for goal: 1.Most of the artists _____ to the party were from South Africa.

A. invited

B. to invite

C. being invited

D. had been invited

2.The first text books _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th

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century.

A. having written

B. to be written

C. being written

D. written 3.The Olympic games, _____ in 776 BC, didn't include women players until 1912.

A. first playing

B. to be first played

C. first played

D. to be first playing 4.Prices of daily foods ______ through a computer can be lower than prices in stores.

(2002年全国春)

A. are bought

B. bought

C. been bought

D. buying 5. Mr. Smith, ____ of the speech, started to read a ____ novel. (2003 北京春)

A. tired, boring

B. tiring, bored

C. tired, bored

D. tiring, boring Step 3 动词-ed形式作表语

过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：

1.He looked worried after reading the letter．看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。

2.When we heard of it, we were deeply moved．当我们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。

3.He seemed quite delighted at the idea．

听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。

【辨析】

1. 过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的状态和特征，而被动语态则表示动作。如：

The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. The library is now closed.

2. 过去分词作表语与动词-ing形式作表语的区别：过去分词作表语表示被动或完成，动词-ing形式作表语表示主动或进行。如：

She was embarrassed because she didn’t know the answer.

Today’s meeting was boring.

3. 有些动词如interest, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来说明人的情况，用动词-ing形式来说明物的情况。如：

The book is interesting and I’m interested in it.

常见的作表语的过去分词有: amused (愉快的)；

broken (碎了的)；closed (关闭的)；astonished (吃惊的)；crowded (拥挤的)；experienced (有经验的); delighted (高兴的)；

lost (丢失的)；gone (遗失的)；

disappointed (失望的)；worried (担忧的)；interested (感兴趣的)；

tired (疲劳的)

pleased (高兴的)；satisfied (满意的)；

surprised (吃惊的); married (已婚的)；

known (著名的)

【注意】作表语的-ed形式可被much, very, quite等所修饰。如：

1. I was very pleased at the news．听了这消息我很高兴。

2. He grew much tired of the work．他十分厌倦这工作。

3.He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 听了这想法他似乎很高兴。

Test for goal: 6.Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the hour.

A. pay

B. paying

C. paid

D. to pay 7. As we joined the big crowd I got ____ from my friends.

A. separated

B. spared

C. lost

D. missed 8. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ____ as the plane was making a landing. (2004 上海)

A. seat

B. seating

C. seated

D. to be seating

Step4动词-ed形式作宾语补足语

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能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：

1. She found the door broken in when she came back．她回来时发现有人破门而人。

2. My grandfather had his old house rebuilt 我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。

【归纳】

1. 动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。

1) She felt a great weight taken off her mind．

她觉得心里轻松了些。

2) They considered the matter settled．他们认为这问题解决了。

2. 动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。

1) I have my hair cut once a month．我每个月理一次发。

2) He was trying to make himself understood．他正努力使别人听懂自己。

3. 动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括like, want, wish, expect, order等”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。

He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting．

The students wish the TV serial plays continued．

4.过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。

The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back. 小偷被带进来了, 双手被反绑在后面。

With many brightly colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden．

周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花, 他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花园。

Test for goal: 9.--- Good morning. Can I help you?

--- I’d like to have this package _____, madam.

A. be weighed

B. to be weighed

C. to weigh

D. weighed 10.The missing boys were last seen ___ near the river.

A. playing

B. to be playing

C. play

D. played 11. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ the next year. (NMET2000)

A. carry out

B. carrying out

C. carried out

D. to carry out Test for Goal Design Purpose: To help the students strengthen the grammar rules they have just learnt by practicing some exercises. T & Ss activities: T guides Ss to do some exercises. Either pair-work or ask-and-answer teaching method can be used in the activity. Keys：1-5 ADCBA

6-10 CCCDA

11-12 C Step 5

Summary

总结过去分词的用法，并与现在分词的用法进行比较。

Think about the differences between –ing and –ed. 1．

作定语

1）

位置

单个的分词放在所修饰名词的前面，分词短语要后置

2）

意义

–ing 表示主动，进行；-ed 表示被动，完成

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2. 作表语，都可以当做形容词。

-ing 作表语表示主语的特征，性质或者用途；-ed作表语表示主语的状态或者思想感情。

3. 作宾语补足语

注意和宾语之间的关系

Step 6

Exercises for Ss of Different Grades (Post-teaching)

Design Purpose: To help the students strengthen the grammar rules they have just learnt.

★Grade A: I. 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. When I arrived home one day, I found her ______ (seat) under the tall tree.

2. You can improve your mind by _______ (read) literary classics. 3. In order to make himself _____ (hear), he raised his voice a little bit. 4. The pool, _______ (cover) an area of 300 square meters, is big enough for you to enjoy. 5. The children will get ________ (confuse) if asked to learn too much at a time.

6. Do you like the book _____ (make) up of untrue stories? 7. Don’t keep the visitor ______ (wait) for such a long time.

8. Most of my classmates know that I like reading books ______ (write) by Zhang Ailing. Keys: 1.seated

2.reading

3. heard

4. covering

5. confused

6. made

7. waiting

8. written

II.下列句中均有一处错误, 指出并改正。

1. The foreigner tried his best to make his point be understood.

2. They found a piece of rope with one end tying in a circle.

3. Mark got his hands to be burnt in the accident.

4. They both spent the night locking in the room.

5. I know little about the girl calling Lily.

6. What kept you so exciting?

7. You should speak loudly enough to make yourself hear.

8. I noticed the traffic holding up after a bad accident. Keys：1.去掉be

2. tying改为tied

3. 去掉to be

4. locking改为locked

5. calling改为called

6. exciting 改为excited

7. hear改为heard

8. holding改为held

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