Learning about Language优秀教案内容

“The Attributive Clause

----定语从句”教案

八师第二高级中学 彭波

课

型

：语

法

知

识

课

一、教学目标

知识目标：1．

熟悉定语从句的概念、句法结构和作用以及先行词和关系代词的位置和作用。

2.

掌握关系代词that, which, who, whose的基本用法。

能力目标：能够在真实的交际环境中正确应用关系代词that, which, who, whose引导的定语从句。

德育目标：1.通过模仿、操练和观察，学会演绎和归纳定语从句的基础知识。

2.通过游戏，学会合作，建立自信心和集体荣誉感以及综合运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力

情感目标：通过学习调动学习积极性，使学生体会到英语的趣味和实用性。

二、重点难点

1.了解定语从句的句法作用和结构，特别是关系代词的正确使用；

2．作定语用的关系代词whose的用法

三、学情分析

语法向来是学生头痛的一项内容，而定语从句在历来的高考试题中都有所体现，因此,掌握这一内容显得尤其重要。我所教的高二班级学生为普通生，英语的基础比较差，再加上传统的语法教学基本以呈现理论为主再辅以练习，相对枯燥，学生兴趣不够，容易分散注意力，所以应溶入一些新的教学元素。这个年龄的学生争强好胜，喜欢新事物，于是我考虑借用大家感兴趣的话题促进学生的热情，增强学习的效果。

四、教学方法

以学生为主体，尝试创新思维，联系生活采用讨论、协作、探究的小组活动和语法规则自主归纳演绎的教学模式，引导学生灵活运用所学语法知识。

五、教学手段

利用多媒体计算机、网络资源、自制音像等创设教学情景、问题情景，扩大教学容量，增强教学的趣味性和时效性。

（设计依据：《新课程标准》要求教师在教学中要以学生为主体，采用研究性学习方法，寓教于乐。检验一节课成功与否，不是教师讲了多少，而是以学生的学习效果为评价标准。因此我借助多媒体，用老师和学生的图片力求使枯燥的语法生动趣味化；并且考虑学生英语基础的实际情况，教学过程也要体现素质教育的全体性，因此设计任务循序渐进，由浅入深，由易到难，导引学生参与整个学习过程，获得更佳的学习效果及发展智力，提高思维，观察，注意，记忆，想象，联想等能力。）

六、课前准备

1．布置学生找出前面课文中出现的定语从句。

2. 学生课前预习定语从句的讲解和试做导学稿上的习题。

2、教师准备相关多媒体课件。

七、教学课时：一课时（40分钟）

八、教学过程

教

学

过

程

步

骤

教学活动

学生活动

教师活动

Step 1：

Leading -in (导入)

教师利用多媒体做一个全班观察照片，1.

导入Today let’s get to study 猜测游戏A guessing the attributive clause. First, game 导入。请学生按讨论MO Yan’s 照提示，使用定语从句，book在照片中Let’s play a guessing 描述Mo Yan’s

小说1

Part 1 Definition (概念)

7mins

设计意图

Which book is 的位置，补充完intresting?，引出定语从句。学生观察例句，总成老师所给含结概念。

有定语从句的The book that 句子。

was written by Mo Yan 个别学生大声is interesting . game.Guess “Who is he?”

2.

提问全班：

(1)WHO IS HE? The book is interesting It was written by Mo Yan

回答Which book is (2)Which book is intresting ? 照片（此处略，见课件）

intresting?

The book that was written by Mo Yan is interesting .

Step 2 教师重新展示学生回答Summing 中包含完整定语从句的up (归纳) 句子，并用彩笔标示出定语从句部分。学生观察归纳定语从句的概念。

Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.

(详见课件) 全班朗读含有定语从句的句子，思考讨论定从的概念。

个别学生大声说出定从的概念。

1.

提示并要求学生：Read aloud the sentences , paying attention to the underlined part and think about the function of the attributive clause . 2.

提问全班What is an attributive clause?

3.

确定概念：修饰名词或代词的从句

4.

关系词的三个作用: a. 引导定语从句。

b. 代替先行词。

c. 在定语从句中担当

一个成分。

鼓励学生熟悉定语从句的应用，进行定语从句的概念导入及模仿练习，从已知到新知，激发兴趣，诱导学习是目的。使语法学习与词汇学习相结合。

1.教师要求学生读出课前布置的作业：找出课文中含有定语从句的句个别学生依次读出所做的汉译英句子。

1.

提示：Take out your homework in Dao Xue An. Get ready to read aloud your translation work . 2 Step1 Compare and

comparison 子并翻译成汉语。

（英汉对比）

2.教师将标准答案公布Part 2 在大屏幕上，提醒学生Struc 注意观察英语的定语从-ture

句翻译为汉语时位置有(结构) 什么变化。

（详见课件）

5mins Step 2 1.

教师给出包含定语

Analysis (定从句的句子分析结

从位置) 构示意图及例子。

2.

教师指导学生分析

一个含有定从的句

子。帮助学生总结

有关主句、先行词、

关系代词、定语从

句的概念、含义及

位置和作用

3.

教师要求学生含有

定从的句子结构并

找出相对应的结构

类型。

3.教师启发引导，学生

回顾总结定从结构的特

点和注意事项。

（详见课件）

Step 3 教师展示一段有趣的话

Reading 语，分别使用图示和

aloud （结构paraphrase来解释生词，

操练）

确定学生理解没有理解全班回答英汉在定从翻译上的差异。

2.

提问个别Let’s take turns to read the translation work. 3.

提问全班

Look carefully and compare how different the way of attribute is expressed in two languages. 1.

提示Now let’s study the structure of the sentences containing the attributive clause. First, Look at the example. We’ll learn to use different signs or symbols to mark different part of the sentence so as to make the structure clear for us. 2.

提问

Look at the signs and find out the meaning of them such as : (先行词)antecedent and （关系词）relative words.

3.

指示Now analyze the three sentences and match them with the correct structure forms. 4.

引导：Generally speaking, you’ll find three basic structures or positions for the attributive clauses.

5.

小结并提问：Compare your answers and think about the tips. What do you learn about the structure of an attributive clause? 1.

提示Here is an interesting sentence. Firstly ,make sure you know the meaning of the sentence.

2.

指示

Now, read the sentence in the loudest ,clearest, and fastest way. 3.

提问I’d like to know who speaks the best in your class. Is there anyone who’d like to try?

4.

再问How many attributive clauses are there in this sentence? 全班观察了解定从的分析方法和图例。

全班通过观察总结相关概念的含义。

个人独立完成含定从的句子结构分析。

同桌讨论，总结定从的结构和位置。

个人与教师答案对比，发现问题并总结定从的结构特点。

全班大声朗读。

个别同学受鼓励站起来展示疯狂英语的三障碍后，要求学生大声“最”功夫（最流畅地朗读，同时找出清晰，最大声，其中含有多少个定语从最快语速）

句。A dog is chasing a 全班共同寻找cat which is chasing a 定从，并说出。

rat which is chasing a bird which is chasing a worm .

设计意图

通过汉英对比，句子结构分析了解主从句、先行词和关系词的位置关系，掌握含有定从的句子的句式结构特点，并通过有趣的三最口腔肌肉训练法朗读含有定从的句子，巩固这部分的学习。层层推进，由浅入深，在于掌握知识；同时寓教于乐是保持英语学习兴趣的最佳手段。

1.

教师给出表格，显全班听从教师1.

指示；In your handout, you can see 3 Part 3 Step1

Func -tions(关系代词的功能)

3mins Inductive Learning

(观察与归纳) 示几组含有定语从句的句子，分别按以下分类列举先行词指代人，在从句中作主语、宾语和定语；先行词指代物，在从句中做主语、宾语和定语。

2.

教师指导学生观察例句，归纳关系代词在定语从句的不用用法。

3.

学生给出答案和教师对比，教师根据情况评析。

（详见课件）

a chart with some sentences 说明表格用途containing the attributive clauses.

和做法。

同桌讨论并得2.

要求Observe the underlined part, and find out the general rules for 出结论。

the usage of relative pronouns. For 个别同学轮流example, in the first row of the 给出讨论出的chart, you will find either “who” or 答案。

“that”

can be used here when the 全班重复全部antecedent refers to a person and 答案巩固所学。

the antecedent is used as the subject in the clause. Do the rest of the chart as above. 3.

提问Since you have finished , let’s compare our answers. 4.

巩固提问Let’s review what we have learned.

顺口溜：which指物人用who,人物都有that顾。

既可作主又作宾, 句子成分不操心。

先行词是人时, who作主语很称职。

从句如果少宾语, who和whom随便你。

定从之中少定语, whose为你唱一曲。

Whose指人又指物, 所属关系要记住。

设计意图

Part 4 Group Competition小组比赛

Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧

24mins Step1. Make a choice (选择题) 学生通过观察句子，用顺口溜归纳关系代词的用法，锻炼和提升了自主学习的能力，加深用法规则的记忆。

教师把学生分成三组用抢答的形式让学生回答问题，并累计分数。

Choose one best 1.

1. This is the house ____ I bought answer. last year.

A. whose

B. that

C.whom 个人独立完成。

个人依次展示2.

2. Is that the picture ___ you are laughing at?

A.

which

结果。

B.whom

C.whose 3.

3.The boy ___mother is ill can not come to the party. 4.

A. who

B. whose

C.which 1.

He who doesn’t

reach the

Great Wall is not a true man . 不到长城非好汉. 2.

God helps those who help

themselves . 天助自助者. 3.

3. He who is content (满足) is always happy. 知足者常乐

4 Step 2. 教师举例，指导学生练全班与老师共Translation 习用定从翻译格言句子

同分析例句。

(翻译) 个人独立完成练习。也可与同桌商量完成。

Step 3

看图填词

教师给出不同选择，让问题带有随机性，回答问题的同时比拼运气，增加课堂趣味性。

全班共同完成。

1.

火眼金睛，选词填空Is this Uncle

Wang __________lives with his children in Beijing now? 2.Yes. He is a teacher______I met last year.

四人合作讨论操练用whose合并句子。

发言人代表展示。

1.

提示

Now let’s play a game. 2.

指导

Introduce your friend using the patterns on the screen. Work in group of four. Do remember to choose a spokesman or spokeswoman to speak on behalf of your group in the front after discussion.

Get moving and talking. 3.

展示Which group would like to be the first ? Welcome…

4.

评价：Thanks for your excellent introduction so that we know more about our friends and consolidate the usage of “whose”

1.

提示

Now，Enjoy a songLemon Tree. 2.

指导

Here is one popular song. Listen and see if you can complete them using the attributive clause. Work in group of four to choose one story and complete it .Go!. 3.

展示I wonder how I wonder why Yesterday you told me 'bout the blue blue sky and all _____ I can see and all _____ I can see and all _____ I can see Is just a yellow lemon tree 4.

评价Thank you for your stories which make us happy . Actually, you will have more fun if you make up your own story after class. 5.Consolidation：

Does “that” have any special usage?

Step 4

小小游戏

合并句子

教师给出示范，指导学生做游戏：用含有whose的定语从句介绍自己的朋友。四人操练后选出一位代表发言展示给全班

（详见课件）

Step 5. Enjoy a song

歌曲Lemon Tree

Listen to the music and 小组合作按要fill in the blank.听歌曲求听歌曲，回答填词，找到歌曲中的定问题。

语从句，填写所空缺的关系代词that.

设计意图

通过不同梯度、不同形式的练习逐步巩固关系代词的正确选择使用，定语从句结构的特点和易错点，加强并提升whose的正确使用以及其他关系代词的综合运用能力。思考题：that有什么特殊的用法吗？使学习得以延伸，让学生在课后“蹦”着去够新知识。

1..Finish off the

独立完成

提示：

Here is the assignment for 5 Part5

课后作业

Homework

1mins

exercises in the textbook. 2.Write an article about your childhood or your parents, using as many attributive clauses as possible.

3.Optional work(选做）：Learn a song named “Lemon Tree”.

homework. Hopefully, you will like your stories and the song I recommend to you . The lyrics for the song are on your handout. Thanks for your attention. See you . 设计意图

课后作业分书面作业是巩固所学的定从知识，和锻炼综合运用能力即在写作中正确使用定从。

板书设计：

The Attribute Clause I.

Definition

Homework II.

Structure

III.

Function

Question IV.

Practice 九、

教学反思

以往的语法教学常常采取用“定义-讲解-释疑-练习”的方式教授定语从句，很难提供所学的语法项目进行真实交际的机会。我根据新课改的理念和多年的教学实践，深入剖析学情和语言习得的规律，大胆尝试语法教学的形式，坚持做到以下四点：一是归纳法与演绎法相结合；二是将语法教学放在真实情境中进行；三是，在坚持提高语言交际的流利性的同时，注意提高语言的准确性，鼓励学生张口说，不怕犯错误。四是语法讲解简明扼要，重点突出。

本课是学生进入高中学习第一次正式学习定语从句，学生虽然在初中学习时偶而接触到定语从句的句子，有一定的语感；但是对于句法结构并不了解，尤其是定语从句在高中英语学习阶段中是一个难点和重点。因此，在本节课上教师帮助学生清晰地掌握定语从句的基本概念、结构以及了解和初步把握关系词的作用和选择尤为重要。据此，我将本课设计为四个环节（分四个层次）：概念、结构、功能、操练。每一环节都遵循“呈现-发现-归纳-实践-活用”的教学模式，同时增加练习的趣味性和生活化，有效地激发了学生学习兴趣和自主探究的精神，打开了通往定语从句的大门。通过不同的形成性评价表明，教学效果良好。课堂教学的“留白”和“悬念”也很重要，这节课中教师有意地在例句中出现只用which 和whom的情况，却没有刻意强调总结，也特意留出that是否有特别用法的悬念，留给学生去思考去发现，课堂的教学虽结束，学生的思考开始延伸。

总的来说，这节课进行的很顺畅。当然，真实的课堂可以说瞬息万变，总会有突发事件和意想不到的情况出现，不可能一切都在设计之中。我把这些意外看做是对教师能力的一个挑战，同时也是教学要根据学情、教情变化和调整的依据。

附：导学稿

初学定语从句（导学稿）The attributive clause

I .

What is an attributive clause?

II. Structures (Analysis) Eg.The book that was written by Mo Yan is interesting .

1.She is an astronaut, who is the first

6

woman to go into space in China .

2.

He is a popular singer

whose songs are popular among young people.

3.

That is the new machine that/whichI know nothing about 4.The boy who is reading a book over there is my friend.

5.Declan is a famous singer who sings the song tell me why. Reading aloud ( in the loudest ,clearest, and fastest way.) A dog is chasing a cat which is chasing a rat which is chasing a bird which is chasing a worm .

III. Functions of the relative pronouns. Read and complete the form, using who, that, which, whom and whose. This is the doctor who/that

saved the boy’s life.

人

_________/_________

The woman that/who is playing the piano is Miss 主Zhang.

语

The river which/that flows through the city is very 物

_________/_________

long.

Please pass me the book which is lying on the table.

She is the new student whom/who/ that/x I talked 关人

____/________/_____/__

to just now. 系She is the new student to whom I talked just now.

代宾The novel which/that/x Tom bought is very 词

语

interesting. 物

________/______/___

Can you lend me the magazine about which you talked yesterday?

人________/______ He is the professor whose daughter teaches you 定

English .=He is the professor the daughter of 语

whom teaches you English.

物Look at the house whose roof is red. ___________/________

=Look at the house the roof of which is red.

III. Practice

1. Fill in the blanks, using which, that, who, whom, whose.

1). The eggs ___ I bought yesterday were not fresh. 2)The friend ___ came to supper last night wasn’t hungry.

3)He prefers the sheep___ comes from a farm. 4)Do you know the person ___ our teacher shook hands with? 5) He saw a house ___ windows were all broken. 6) Do you know the girl ___ mother is a teacher in our school? 2.Join the two sentences into one using attributive clause: eg.This is the stranger. He saved the boy’s life.

==

This is the stranger who/that saved the boy’s life. 1). Tom is the boy. He damaged the vase yesterday. 2). Mary is the girl .Her English is the best in our class. 3). I wanted to the book. The book is written by Lu Xun. 4).I live in a house. The window of the house faces south. 3.Enjoy a song

Lemon Tree. Fill in the blank.

7

And everything will happen, and you wonder.

And all ______I can see is just another lemon tree.

And all ______ I can see, and all ________ I can see,

And all _______I can see is just a yellow lemon tree.

IV

Guessing Games V.

Summing up 关系代词不难记, 听我逐个来分析。

which指物人用who,人物都有that顾。

既可作主又作宾, 句子成分不操心。

先行词是人时, who作主语很称职。

从句如果少宾语, who和whom随便你。定从之中少定语, whose为你唱一曲。

Whose指人又指物, 所属关系要记住。

VI Assignment 1. Finish the exercises on page 29.

2. Read the passage on Page 64 and

finish exercises.

8