Grammar教学设计及说课稿

Teaching Plan for the Grammar 1 in Module 4, BookⅠ

By Du Guangming from NanBu No.3 Middle School

Grammar: Present Perfect Tense1 Contents: 1.

The basic sentence structure of present perfect tense.

a)

Present perfect tense used for recent events

b)

Present perfect tense used for experience

2.

The differences between present perfect tense and simple past tense. Teaching aims:

1.

The students will be able to use present perfect tense correctly. 2. The students will master the differences between present tense and simple past tense. 3. The students will learn the skills of judging present perfect tense. Teaching methods:

Task-based Teaching, Situational method Teaching Focus:

Students will be able to use present perfect tense correctly. Teaching difficulties:

1. Some words and phrases which are the symbols of the present perfect tense.

2. Differences between present perfect tense and simple past tense. Teaching aids: A computer, blackboard Teaching procedures: Step1 Greetings & Revision& Lead-in

Task 1 T (teacher): Good morning / afternoon, class. You look a bit tired, what’s the matter?

T: OK, I know. You have had four lessons in the morning, right? Please pay attention to what I have said just now. (write down “You have had ...” on the blackboard) And this is today’s topic, present perfect tense. Task 2 T: Before the class, I want to ask you a question. Do you still remember what tense we learned last week?

T: OK, very good! And what’s the basic structure of simple past tense? Who would like to have a try？

T：Good, now let’s look at the screen. I have listed some key points for you. 肯定句：主语+ v-ed(过去式)+其它

/ 否定句：主语+助动词didn't+v原形+其它

一般疑问句：助动词did +主语+v原形+其它

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词（what等）+did+主语+v原形+其它

Task 3 The teacher shows some sentences on the screen. The students need to read them and try to understand them clearly. And then point out what tenses are used. (Show the following on the screen)

1

1)

A:

Has the plane arrived? B:

Yes.

A:

When did it arrive?

B:

Half an hour ago.

2)

He is not in. He has gone to towns. He just left before you came.

3)

A:

Would you like to have lunch here?

B：

No, thanks. I have had lunch already. I had it in the school canteen(小卖部).

Suggested answers: 1)

The present perfect tense; the past simple tense 2)

The present perfect tense; the past simple tense 3)

The present perfect tense; the past simple tense Step2 Presentation& Drill

Task 1 Ask students to find the sentences which are written in present perfect tense. And ask them to watch these sentences.

T: Now, open your books and turn to Page 32, I want you to find some sentences which include“

have / has done...” Go!

T：Are you done? Please look at these sentences on the screen, and I have some questions for you. One student, one question. I've seen quite a lot of China.

Q(Question):

Do we know when the speaker saw these places? I've visited some beautiful cities.

Q: Do we know when the speaker visited these cities?

They've just completed it.

Q: Is this a recent event？

They've put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently.

Q: Did they do this a long time ago? It has been six years since we last saw each other.

Q:When was the last time that the speaker saw his friend? Task 2

Help students to summarize the sentence structures of present perfect tense. T: Another question. Can you find some similarities among these sentences ? Who can? T: Good! You are so clever. Now, let’s summarize the sentence structures together.

肯定句：

主语

+ have/has + v-ed(过去分词)+其它

/

It has been +时间段+ 其它

e.g. You have had four lessons in the morning./It has been nearly three hours since you came to school.

否定句：主语

+haven't /hasn't + v-ed(过去分词) +其它

e.g. You haven’t had your breakfast in the morning.

一般疑问句：have /has +主语

+ v-ed(过去分词) +其它

e.g. Have you had your breakfast in the morning?

特殊疑问句：

特殊疑问词

+have /has +主语

+v过去分词

+其它

e.g. How many lessons have you had in the evening? Task 3 Help students to learn some usages of present perfect tense.

2

T：You have

learned the sentence structure of the present perfect tense. Do you know how it can be used ? Explanation:

A.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。可以表示最近完成的动作，也可以表示经历或经验。常译为“...过”。常与just, recently, so far,

up to now,

till now,

in the past, ever,

never 等词连用。

T: here are some examples for you. Pay attention to the red words and I’d like to invite some of you to translate the sentences.

1. They have put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently.

2. My wife has just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there. T: Let’s come to its second usage.

B.

现在完成表示过去已经开始，持续到现在（可能还会继续进行下去）的动作或状态，常和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：for, since , these days, this year, now 等。

Examples：1. She has lived in Beijing since she came to China.

2. They have been friends for forty years. Task 4 Help students to distinguish the two tenses.

T: Do you have any questions? OK, I have a question for you. Do you know the differences between the simple past tense and present perfect tense. Anyone knows?

Differences: 1.

一般过去时所关心的是过去某时发生的动作，与现在无联系，常有表示过去某时的状语；而现在完成时所关心的是过去发生的动作和现在的联系或对现在产生的影响，强调过去与现在的关系。

2.

一般过去时常带有表示过去某时刻的时间状语，例如last night, yesterday, last year, three months ago等；而现在完成时带时间状语包括说话时在内或与说话时非常接近，例如today, these days, recently, just等。

3.

现在完成时与for或since引起的短语连用时，表示从过去开始的动作或状态延续至今；

T: In order to help you understand it better. I will give you some examples.

①. I have seen the film. /I saw the film last week.

②. A: Would you like to have lunch here?

B：No, thanks. I have had lunch already.

I had it in the school canteen.

T：Have you understood？Now, let’s do some exercises. Step3 Consolidation

Let students do the exercises on the screen. T: Now, I’d like to give you two minutes to answer these questions on your own. Please do it quickly. Go!

Complete theses sentences. Use either the past simple tense or the present perfect sentence.

build

buy

come

get

live

see

stay

visit

1. They

many high-rise buildings in the city.

3

2. The traffic in the city

much worse recently. 3. When the tourists

in the summer, they

in the city. 4. Xiamen is one of the most attractive cities John

.

. 5. Xiao Li

in Xiamen all his life.

6.John

not any presents yet but he

a shopping mall, where they will go tomorrow.

T: Let’s check the answers. Any questions？

Step4

Discussion & Production T：Now, let’s do some group works. Discuss with your parter the places that you have been to and write down the names of five interesting places. Then Tell him /her about these paces. Tell him / her when you went and what you did there. Ask him / her if he /she has been there.

T: I will give you an example. Please imitate the dialogue and create your own sentences. I’d like to invite some pairs of you to show your dialogues.

A: Hi! I haven’t seen you for several months. Where have you been?

B: I have been to France.

A: Really! When did you go there? I went there three months ago.I studied two

courses. France is a wonderful place. There are a lot of tourist attractions. Have you been there?

B: I wish I could have your luck. Step5 Homework

Please finish Exercises3& 4 on Page 85 in your textbook.

I will check it next class.

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