Grammar教学内容概述

BOOK ONE

Module 4 Period 3 Grammar （一）教学内容与目标

1. Topic话题内容

Surroundings and neighbourhood

2. Target Language 目标语言

a. 重点词汇和短语

high-rise buildings, traffic, recently, attractive, a shopping mall, particular, remain, so far, up to now, till now b. 重点句子

They have built many high-rise buildings in the city. (p34)

The traffic in the city has got much worse recently. (p34)

The family has lived in this town for twenty years. (p36)

Up to now, I’ve understood everything the teacher’s said. (p36) 3. Ability goals 能力目标

a. To enable the students to have knowledge of this grammar point: Present perfect tense; b. To enable the students to use the present perfect tense properly. 4. Learning ability goals 学能目标

Help the students learn how to use the present perfect tense correctly.

5. Emotional goals 情感目标

Love our motherland and hometown. （二）教学重点与难点

1. Teaching important points教学重点

a. Summarize the rules of the present perfect tense b. Help the students make full use of the present perfect tense to express themselves.

2. Teaching difficult points教学难点

a. Deal with some difficult language points. b. Get the students to master the usage of the present perfect tense. （三）教学方法与手段

1. Teaching methods 教学方法

a.

Whole language teaching..

b.

Cooperative learning.

2. Teaching aids教具准备

A projector and a computer.

（四）教学过程与设计

Teaching procedures & ways教学步骤与方式

Step 1 Revision Read the sentences and pay attention to the underlined parts.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

It’s been six years since we last saw each other. This is the first time I’ve visited your hometown. I’ve seen quite a lot of China and I’ve visited some beautiful cities. This is one of the most attractive places I’ve been to. They’ve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. Step 2 Grammar

Present perfect tense Let Ss know how to use present perfect tense properly.

1.I have watched the film. 2.I watched the film two days ago. 3. I have lived in Xinzhou for ten years. Ⅰ. 现在完成时的构成

基本结构

肯定句

否定句

一般疑问句

特殊疑问句

have/has+过去分词

主语+have/has+过去分词+其他

主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他

Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他

特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他) Ⅱ. 现在完成时的用法

1. 表示过去的行为对现在造成了影响, 常与时间状语yet, lately, just, recently,

ever, never, already等连用。

①I have just turned off the light.

我刚刚把灯关上。(结果是灯已经被关上了) ②I have already read the book.

我已读过这本书了。(结果是我已知道这本书的内容了) 注：短暂性动词不能延续, 不能和表示一段时间的状语连用, 需要时要用相应的表示状态的动词替换。

Eg：I have bought a new car.我买了辆新车。

I have bought a new car for two weeks.(×)

→I have had the new car for two weeks.(√) 2.非延续性动词→延续性动词

arrive→ be here

put on→ wear leave→

be away

borrow→ keep start→ be on

buy→ have finish→ be over

catch a cold→ have a cold open→ be open

marry→ be married put on→ be on Ⅲ.现在完成时的特定句型

(1)It is/has been＋段时间＋since从句（did）

“自从……以来多久了。”

(2)This/It is the first/second/last...time +that从句（现在完成时）

“这是(某人)第一/二……次做某事。”

(3)先行词被最高级修饰或者本身为最高级，定语从句要用现在完成时

Ⅳ. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

1. 现在完成时表示过去动作对现在造成的影响; 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情。

试比较:

She has lived in Xinzhou for twenty years.

她在忻州住了20年了。(可能刚搬走, 也可能继续住下去) She lived in Xinzhou for twenty years.

她在忻州住了20年。(现在已经不在那里住了) 2. 连用的时间状语不同

现在完成时通常与以下时间状语连用, 如for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now; 而一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, . . . ago, in 1980, in October, just now。

①

They haven’t

finished their homework yet.

他们还没有完成作业。

②

He left

for New York a week ago.

【巧学助记】现在完成时和一般过去时的区别

现在完成时, 与现在有联系,

一般过去时, 与现在无关系,

现完重影响, 过去重行动,

记住六句话, 慢慢来分清。

Step 3

Practice 1.[高考链接]

用所给动词的正确形式填空

1．This is the first time that I

have been(be) to the Great Wall.

2．I will lend you the book as soon as have finished

(finish) reading it.

3．Tom

has lived (live) here for five years till now.

4．After I

have had (have) supper，I often do homework.

5．Up to now，the program

has saved

(save) thousands of children who would otherwise have died. 6．How long

have

you

had (have) this dictionary? 7．This is the best film I

have

ever

seen

(see)．

8．Her grandfather

has been

dead

(die) for over five years.

9．Molly went to Japan last year. And I

haven’t heard

(not，hear) from him ever since. 10．It's the third time that I

have met

(meet) him this week. 2.巩固练习

用所给动词的正确形式填空

1．In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut (cut)．

2．Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement

has been reached

(reach) so far by the two sides. 3．—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing? —Well，the media

has covered

(cover) it in a variety of forms. Step 4 Assignment

Review the rules of present perfect tense. a.

Finish the exercises on page 85. b.

Finish the translation practice. Translate the following into English by using the present perfect tense. 1) 有人把窗户打破了。

2) 他到过许多国家。

3) 自从我来到这所学校，她一直教我。

4) 我有三个月没买过任何东西。

5) 雨还没有停，你怎么能走呢？

6) 他们晚饭后经常下棋。

7) 直至近日，他将此书藏在一个神秘的地方。

8) 我们过不了河，因为河水涨了。

9) 他们晚饭后经常下棋。

Keys：

1) Someone has broken the window. 2) He has been to many countries. 3) She has been teaching me since I came to this school. 4) I haven’t bought anything for three months. 5) How can you go before the rain has stopped ?

6) They often play chess after they have had supper. 7) Until recently he has hidden the book in a secret place. 8) We cannot cross the river because the water has risen. 9) They often play chess after they have had supper.