Grammar说课稿【一等奖】

Section_ⅡIntroduction_&_Reading_—_Language_Points

一、这样记单词

记得准·写得对

记得快·记得多

1.enthusiastic adj.热心的

[同义]

warm-hearted adj.热心的

Ⅰ.基础词汇

1.academicadj.

学术的

2.comprehensionn.

理解；领悟

3.attituden.

态度

4.previousadj.

以前的；从前的

5.technologyn.

技术

Ⅱ.拓展词汇

1.amazingadj.令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的→amazedadj.吃惊的；惊讶的→amaze vt.使惊讶→amazement n．吃惊

2.informationn．信息→inform vt.告知；通知

3.instructionn．(常用作复数)指示；说明→instruct v．命令；指示

4.boredadj.厌烦的；厌倦的→boring adj.令人厌烦的；令人厌倦的→bore vt.使厌烦

5.embarrassedadj.尴尬的；难堪的；困窘的→embarrassingadj.令人尴尬的；令人难堪的→embarrass vt.使尴尬；使难堪

6.behaviourn．行为；举动→behave vi.举止

7.descriptionn．记述；描述→describe vt.描写，叙述

8.impressvt.使印象深刻→impression n．印象→impressive adj.令人印象深刻的

2.amazing adj.令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的

[联想]

-ing 形容词集锦

①exciting令人激动的

②satisfying令人满意的

③interesting有意思的

④worrying令人担心的

3.information n．信息

[词块]

①information age 信息时代

②Information Technology＝IT 信息技术

4.province n．省

[联想]

①state 州(美)

②county 郡(英国)；县

5.method n．方法

[同义]

①way 方式，手段

②manner 方式；方法

③means 方法

[词块]

①teaching method 教法

②learning method 学法

6.instruction n．指示；说明

[记法]

instruct＋名词后缀-tion [联想]

后缀-ion名词荟萃

①graduation毕业

②invention发明

②production产量；产品

④introduction介绍

7.attitude n．态度

[比较]

altitude n．海拔；高地

二、这样记短语

记牢固定短语

1.be_similar_to

和……相似

2.far_from

远离；远非

3.nothing_like

毫不相似；完全不像

4.have_fun

玩得开心

5.at_first

起初

6.by_oneself

独自地

7.in_other_words

换句话说

8.look_forward_to

期待；盼望

三、这样记句式

先背熟

1.I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing.

我住在石家庄，一个离北京不远的城市。

2....Ms

shen’s method of teaching is nothing like that

of the teachers at my Junior High school.

that用作替代词替代前面提到的名词或短语。

名词短语作同位语。

再悟通

后仿用

I am Li Jin, chairman_of_the_ Student_Union_of_Chenguang_High_School.(2015·天津高考满分作文) 我是李津，晨光中学学生会主席。

The book on the desk is newer than that__under_the_desk.

书桌上的书比书桌底下的那本新。

多积常用词块

1.science subjects

理科

2.Senior High school

高中

3.Junior High school

初中

4.in a serious and polite manner

以一种严肃礼貌的方式

5.capital city

省会城市

6.reading comprehension

阅读理解

7.introduce oneself

自我介绍

8.in a fun way

以一种有趣的方式

……沈老师的教学方法一点也不像我初中的老师。

3.I don’t think I will be bored in Ms Shen’s class.

我认为上沈老师的课我不会厌倦！

4.In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys.

换句话说，女生人数是男生的三倍。

倍数表达法。

This year, we have read I don’t

think属于否定转移。

I don’t_think she likes this kind of music.

我认为她不喜欢这种音乐。

three_times_as _many_books_as_we_did last year.

今年，我们读的书是去年的三倍。

1．(教材P2)I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing. 我住在石家庄，一个离北京不远的城市。

far from远离；远非

far from ＋

地点

far from ＋

n．/adj./doing

far from it

远离，离……很远

远非；绝非……

(口)完全相反；远非如此

①My home is not far from my new school. 我的家离我的新学校并不远。

②The meeting was far_from_(being)_a_success;_it’s a failure. 这次会议根本不成功，这是一次失败的会议。

[名师点津]

表示准确的距离时，不要用far而要用away。

③Beijing is five hundred kilometers

away_from here. 北京离这里有五百千米远。

2．(教材P2)The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classrooms are amazing.

老师们非常热情友好，教室配备令人惊讶。

amazing adj.令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的

(1)amazed adj.

be amazed that/how ...

很惊讶……

吃惊的；惊讶的

be amazed at/by ...

对……感到惊讶

be amazed to see/learn/find/discover

(2)amazement n.

(much)to one’s amazement

in amazement

令某人感到(非常)惊讶的是

惊讶地

吃惊地看到/得知/发现……

惊讶

①It was amazing that the boy was able to solve the problem so quickly. 这个孩子那么快就解决了这个问题，真令人惊讶。

②We were amazed to_find (find) that no one was hurt. 我们很惊异地发现没有人受伤。

③Hearing my words, the girl looked at me in_amazement. 听到我的话，这个女孩惊讶地看着我。

[语境串记]

It is an amazing

discovery so we

are amazed at

it; to our greater amazement, it is a disabled man who made the discovery. 这是个令人惊奇的发现，因此我们感到惊讶，使我们感到更惊讶的是，是一个残疾人做出这个发现的。

3．(教材P2)The screens also show photographs, text and information from websites. 屏幕上也可演示网上的照片、文本及信息。

information n．[U]信息；资料

(1)a piece of information

two pieces of information

(2)inform vt.

inform sb. of/about

sth.

一条信息

两条信息

告知

使某人获悉某事

①We can get much information from websites about how to learn English. 我们可以从网站上获得很多关于如何学习英语的信息。

②I managed to collect some useful information(inform), including the train schedule and hotels. 我们想方设法收集了一些有用的信息，包括列车时刻表和旅馆。

③Please inform us of/about

any changes of the address as soon as possible. 如地址有变动，请尽快通知我们。

[名师点津]

information 为不可数名词，常用

much 修饰，没有复数形式。如果想表达可数的概念，必须借助于相应的量词

piece。有类似用法的还有

news, advice, paper(纸)

等。

4．(教材P2)We’re using a new textbook and Ms Shen’s method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High school. 我们用上了新课本，沈老师的教学方法一点也不像我初中的老师。

method n．方法；办法

a method of/for (doing) sth.

with this method

……的方法

用这种方法

①The new teaching methods encouraged children to think by themselves. 新的教学方法鼓励孩子们独立思考。

②I think reading widely is

a good method of/for

learning English

at Senior High school. 我认为广泛阅读是高中学习英语的好方法。

③Can you work out the problem with__this_method? 你能用这种方法解出这道题吗？

[名师点津]

“用这种方法”的常用表达：with this method, in this way, in this manner, by this means。

nothing like毫不相似；完全不像；没有什么比得上

There’s nothing like ...

something like

anything like

或否定句) ①Swimming is my favorite sport. There is nothing like

swimming as a means of keeping fit. 游泳是我特别喜爱的活动，没有比游泳更好的锻炼方式了。

②It takes him something_like five hours to get there by train.

他乘火车大约需要五小时才能到达那里。

③I don’t ever want to go through anything_like that again.

我永远不想再经历那样的事了。

5．(教材P3)Ms Shen gave us instructions and then we worked by ourselves. 沈老师给我们作出说明，然后我们独立完成。

instruction n．指示，说明，操作指南；指导，讲授

(1)follow the instructions

依照指示/说明

没有什么能比得上……

大约；有点(像)(用于肯定句) 和……相像(多用于疑问句

under one’s instructions

(2)instruct v.

instruct sb. to do sth.

instruct sb. in sth.

(3)instructive

adj.

在某人的指示下

命令；指示

命令某人去做某事

教授某人某方面的知识

有教育意义的

①Please read the instructions on the bottle of the medicine carefully and pay attention to the amount and the time to take the medicine. 请仔细阅读药瓶上的说明，注意服药的量和时间。

②The letter instructed him to_report(report) to the general manager at once. 那封信指示他立即向总经理报告。

③It is the

most_instructive (instruct) lecture that I have attended since I came to this school. 这是我来到这所学校所听过的最有教育意义的演讲。

[名师点津]

instruction 作“指示，说明，操作指南”解时是可数名词，常用复数形式；作“讲授，指导，教学”解时，是不可数名词，其后常跟介词

in。

6．(教材P3)I like her attitude very much, and the behaviour of the other students shows that they like her, too. 我非常喜欢她的态度，其他学生的行为表明他们也喜欢她。

attitude n．态度

attitude to/towards ...

对……的态度/看法

have/take a good/bad attitude to/towards ...

①Attitude is everything! 态度决定一切！

②What is your attitude towards/to senior high students taking up a part-time job?

你对高中生做兼职有什么看法？

③He has_a_bad_attitude_to/towards his homework. 他对家庭作业的态度不端正。

behaviour n．行为；举动

behave v．

behave oneself

举止；表现；行为(常用well或

badly 修饰) 守规矩

对……持好的/坏的态度

①Everyone praises the children’s

good behaviour. 每个人都赞扬这些孩子们的良好行为。

②They behaved very badly (bad) towards their guests. 他们对客人很不礼貌。

③Did Peter behave_himself while I was away? 我不在时彼得守规矩吗？

7．(教材P3)In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys. 换句话说，女生人数是男生的三倍。

in other words 换句话说

(1)in a/one word

in words

(2)keep/break one’s word

have a word with sb.

have words with sb.

总之；简言之

用语言

遵守诺言/食言

与某人谈话

与某人争吵

①I soon found that the work I was doing had already been done by someone else. In other words, I was wasting my time. 我很快发现我在做的工作已被别人做了。换句话说，我在浪费时间。

②In_a/one_word,_a friend in need is a friend indeed. 总之，患难之交才是真正的朋友。

③He has

broken_his_word so many times that I cannot trust him any more. 他经常食言，我再也不能相信他了。

[名师点津]

in other words 的同义表达：namely, that is,

that is to say, in another word。

8．(教材P3)I’m looking forward to doing it. 我期待着做这份作业。

look

forward to期待；盼望(其中to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语) ①We are looking forward to the school sports meeting. 我们正盼望着学校运动会的召开。

②I’m looking forward to hearing (hear) from you.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达) 我期待着收到你的来信。

③The day we were looking forward to came (come)

at last. 我们期待的那一天终于到来了。

[名师点津]

常见的含有介词to的短语还有：

①be/get used to

②pay attention to

③lead to

④get down to

习惯于

注意

导致

着手做……

④I’m not used to eating (eat) so much at lunchtime. 我不习惯午饭吃那么多。

9．(教材P4)Li Kang is very impressed with the teachers and the technology in his new school. 新学校里的老师和教学方法给李康留下了深刻的印象。

impress vt.使印象深刻

(1)impress sb.with sth.

某事给某人留下印象

使某人铭记某事

对……有深刻印象

印象；印记

impress sth.on/upon sb.

impress on/upon sb.sth.be impressed with/at/by ...

(2)impression n.

leave/have/make a(n) ...impression on sb.

(3)impressive adj. 给某人留下……的印象

给人印象深刻的；感人的

①The little boy impressed

me with his big, bright eyes the first time I saw him. 第一次见到这个小男孩时，他明亮的大眼睛就给我留下了深刻的印象。

②The teacher impressed

the importance of English on/upon me. 老师让我铭记英语的重要性。

③A thousand words will not leave so deep an impression

as one deed. [谚语]

千言万语不如一个行动。

1．We’re using a new textbook and Ms Shen’s method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High school. 我们用上了新课本，沈老师的教学方法一点也不像我初中的老师。

that用作替代词替代前面提到的method of teaching。

①In winter, the weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Guangzhou. 在冬季，北京的天气比广州要冷得多。

[辨析比较]

that, one, it

可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词，指代单数可数名词相当于the that one it one。其复数形式为those，相当于the ones 指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”，其复数形式为ones 特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物

选用上述单词填空

②I’ve lost my pen. I’m going to buy a new one tomorrow. 我把钢笔弄丢了，我打算明天买一支新的。

③One of the most important questions they had to consider was that of public health. 他们不得不考虑的最重要的问题之一就是公众的健康问题。

④I like this house with a beautiful garden in front,

but I don’t have enough money to buy it. 我喜欢这座前面有漂亮花园的房子，但是没有足够的钱来买它。

2．I don’t think

I will be bored in Ms Shen’s class. 我认为上沈老师的课我不会厌倦！

(1)本句为否定转移句式。当主句的主语为第一人称，且谓语动词为think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine时，动词后的宾语从句若是含有否定意义时，常把宾语从句中的否定结构转移到主句中来。

①I don’t believe he will come tonight. 我相信他今晚不会来。

(2)否定转移的反意疑问句有两种情况：一是主句的主语为第一人称时，反意疑问句的主谓与从句保持一致，且为肯定式；二是当主句的主语为第二或第三人称时，反意疑问句的主谓与主句保持一致，且为肯定式。

②I don’t believe that the man can finish the work on time, can_he? 我相信这个人不能按时完成这项工作，对吗？

③You don’t suppose it will be all right, do_you? 你认为事情不会顺利的，对吗？

3．In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys. 换句话说，女生人数是男生的三倍。

(1)three times as many girls as为一种倍数表达方式，其构成形式为“倍数＋as many/much＋n.＋as”。

①Our company has published twice as many books as we did last year. 我们公司出版的书是去年的两倍。

(2)英语中常见倍数的表达方式还有：

倍数＋as＋adj./adv.的原级＋as ...倍数＋adj./adv.的比较级＋than ...倍数＋the＋性质名词size/length/width/height/depth ... ＋of ...

②This room is

three times as big as

that one. ＝This room is three times bigger than that one. ＝This room is three times the_size_of that one. 这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。

[名师点津]

表示“两倍”时，用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上则用“基数词＋times”来表达。句式中表示倍数也可用分数、百分数，half等其他程度状语。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．There is such a big difference in the attitude towards/to the Chinese food. 2．Always read the instructions (instruct) before you start taking the medicine. 3．They can improve their invention with different methods. 4．The amazing (amaze) thing is that it was kept secret for so long. 5．Father often impresses on/upon

me the importance of friendliness and honesty. 6．If you are interested in it, let me know and I’ll send you more information (inform)．

7.It’s bad behaviour (behave) for a man to smoke in public places where smoking isn’t allowed. 8．The sports star we had been looking forward to came (come) at last. Ⅱ.完成句子

1．I can’t do this work because it is far_from_easy (远非容易)．

2．You don’t_think_it_is (认为它不是) a good suggestion,

do you? 3．The weather of this week is worse than that_of_last_week(上周的天气)．

4．There_is_nothing_like (没有什么比得上) a good cry to get all your worries out of you. 5．You’d better not be late for class. In_other_words (换句话说), you’re expected to be on time. 6．The new road is

three_times_as_wide_as/wider_than/the_width_of (是……的三倍宽) the old one.

7．We are looking_forward_to_receiving (期待收到) your early reply to this matter. 8．My parents desire me to behave_well

(表现好) at school.

一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．I think we should try again using different methods (方法)．

2．Do you have any previous(以前的) experience of this kind of work? 3．It is amazing(令人吃惊的) that China has made such a great achievement in the medical field.

4．He doesn’t know much about the subject, but he is very enthusiastic (热心的)．

5．We like our English teacher very much. She always takes a friendly attitude (态度) towards us. 6．I’ve never seen your English teacher. Can you give me a simple description (描述) of him? 7．When the foreigners spoke to me in English,

I felt embarrassed (尴尬的) because of my poor English. 8．Because of modern technology(技术), people have a much higher standard of living. Ⅱ.单句改错

1．It’s amazed

that the new headmaster is only 23.amazed→amazing 2．You should follow the instruction while operating the new machine.instruction →instructions 3．I don’t expect you can finish the work in three days, can I ？I→you 4．I’m sure you will have a fun at the party tonight.去掉a 5．We are looking forward to receive your e-mail in no time.receive→receiving 6．Anything will become bored if you do it again and again.bored→boring 7．Now it is very easy and quick to get informations from the Internet with just a computer.informations→information 8．The embarrassing look on her face showed that she hadn’t expected my arrival.embarrassing→embarrassed Ⅲ.完成句子

1．Mr. Smith, our_new_teacher,_is very kind to us.

我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。

2．The car is nothing_like the one they advertised.

这辆车根本不像他们广告中所提到的那样。

3．I_don’t_think

that you two have met

before.

我认为你们两个人以前没见过面。

4．I don’t think he is honest. In_other_words,_I don’t trust him at all.

我认为他不诚实，换句话说，我一点也不相信他。

5．Her novel was better than that_of__any_other_writers of the same period.

她的小说比同时期其他任何别的作家的都好。

6．This table is three_times_as_big_as/bigger_than/the_size_of that one.

这张桌子的大小是那张桌子的三倍。

7．I’m looking_forward_to_studying_with_you and becoming friends with you.

我期待着与你们一起学习，并与你们成为好朋友。

8．Owing a private car is far_from_a_dream for some Chinese peasants at present.

现在对于中国的一些农民来说，拥有一辆私家车远不是梦想了。

Ⅳ.课文语法填空

Li Kang lives in Shijiazhuang, 1.a city not far from Beijing. Today is his first day at Senior High school. Everything in the school 2.impresses (impress) him much. The classroom is 3.amazing (amaze), which has a computer 4.with a special screen behind it. The teachers are 5.friendly (friend) and enthusiastic. His English teacher’s teaching method is 6.completely (complete) different from 7.that of the teachers’

at Junior High school. During his class, Li Kang and his classmates introduced

8.themselves (them) to each other, and did some 9.spelling (spell)

games. There are three times as many girls 10.as boys in the class and they all work very hard. Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达

我是个农民工，在远离(far from)家乡的大城市工作，这里的生活和我家乡的生活完全不同(nothing like)。使我印象(impress)深刻的是大楼的高度，差不多是我们房屋的20倍高(20 times as high as)。在这里我学会了自己(by oneself)做事并学会了一些新技术(technology)，但我认为我不会(I don’t think I will)永远在这里工作，因为这里不是我的家，换句话说(in other words)，我的家乡在农村。在这里有时我过得很愉快(have fun)，但更多的时候我在想家，我期待着(look forwards to)带着一些新技术回到家乡并把家乡变得越来越好。

I_am_a_peasant_worker_who_is_working_in_a_big_city_far_from_my_hometown._The_life_in_the_city_is_nothing_like_that_of_my_hometown._I_am_impressed_with_the_height_of_the_tall_buildings,_which_are_almost_20_times_as_high_as_our_houses._Here_I_have_learned_to_do_things_by_myself_and_I_have_learned_some_new_technology._But_I_don’t_think_I_will_go_on_working_here_forever,_because_it_is_not_my_home._In_other_words

,_my_home_is_in_the_countryside._Sometimes_I_have_fun_but_many_more_times_I_miss_my_hometown._I_look_forward_to_going_home_with_new_technology_and_making_my_hometown_become_better_and_better.

二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧

Ⅰ.完形填空

The first day at school has left a deep __1__ on me. I’ll never forget it. As soon as I rushed into the classroom, the bell rang. A young beautiful woman came in, but she was __2__，

no smile on her face. “You are not permitted to __3__ in the course of class unless ...” She was speaking when I heard a __4__“Lily, Lily” from outside the door. My grandmother was standing there with a pair of socks in her hand. I didn’t realize I was bare feet __5___ then. I wanted to __6__ them, but I dared not do that. I shook my hand, __7__“Don’t wait here any longer. Leave quickly. ” As I did so, I still __8__ my eyes on my teacher. I really didn’t want her to take __9__ of me, but she did. She went out to get the socks. When she gave them to me, she looked at me for a while. My face suddenly turned__10__and my heart__11__faster. I began to put the socks on. Unfortunately I was so nervous that my __12__ hands couldn’t get them onto my feet easily. Just then I heard my name called. I __13__from my seat quickly.“Can you __14__ the numbers from one to one hundred？”

the teacher asked. I nodded. __15__her surprise, I did very well. Finally she said，“Be __16__，

please. Study hard.”

I looked __17__ her to find a smile on her face. I felt __18__ at last. The first day at school has stayed in my __19__ as something embarrassing but __20__. 语篇解读：本文记叙了作者第一天上学时所经历的尴尬而又难忘的一些事情。

1．A.comprehension

C．decision

B．impression

D．attention

解析：选B

leave a deep impression on“给……留下很深的印象”。

2．A.enthusiastic C．disappointed

B．amazed

D．serious 解析：选D

从老师脸上的表情以及下文所说的话来推测，老师非常“严肃”。

3．A.let in C．break in

B．knock in

D．check in 解析：选C

老师讲课时，不能随意“打断、插话”。

4．A.voice C．noise

B．sound

D．word

解析：选A

voice“说话声”；sound“响声”；noise“噪音”；word“话”。

5．A.before C．just

B．after

D．until 解析：选D

not ...until ...是一个固定句型，意为“直到……才……”。

6．A.get C．accept

B．throw

D．wear 解析：选A

get在此处意为“取”，下文“She went out to get the socks.”也是提示，其他几个选项均不符合故事情节。

7．A.saying C．crying

B．meaning

D．shouting 解析：选B

老师正在上课，Lily不可能在课堂上说话或大声叫嚷。mean在此处意为“意思是”。

8．A.fixed C．opened

B．laid

D．shut 解析：选A

fix one’s eyes on“盯着”。

9．A.care C．hold

B．interest

D．notice 解析：选D

take notice of“注意，留意，理会”；take care of“关心，照顾”；take hold of“抓住”。

10．A.pale C．red

B．white

D．black 解析：选C

Lily不想让老师注意到自己，但事与愿违，Lily觉得很不好意思，脸“红”了。

11．A.beat C．struck

B．jumped

D．felt 解析：选A

指心脏“跳动”应用beat。

12．A.small C．shaking

B．dirty

D．own 解析：选C

上文告诉我们Lily非常紧张，shaking和前文意思相呼应。

13．A.rose C．ran

B．raised

D．jumped 解析：选A

rose是不及物动词rise的过去式，意为“站起来”，符合题意。raise是及物动词，后面须跟宾语；由于是课堂回答问题，所以run(跑)与jump(跳)均与题意不符。

14．A.add

B．count

C．recognize 解析：选B

count“数数”。

15．A.With C．To

D．write

B．For

D．At 解析：选C

to one’s surprise“使某人吃惊的是”。

16．A.careful C．quiet

B．sitting

D．seated 解析：选D

be seated 是系表结构，表示“坐下”。表示“坐下”还可以说sit down或seat oneself等。

17．A.up at C．around

B．over

D．through 解析：选A

“抬头”看老师，发现老师脸上带着微笑。

18．A.sorry C．embarrassed

B．relaxed

D．puzzled 解析：选B

看到老师微笑着，“我”感到“放松”了。

19．A.body C．memory

B．classroom

D．heart 解析：选C

在“我”的“记忆”中。

20．A.strange C．bad

B．sweet

D．terrible 解析：选B

but表示转折，前后两个词应该意义相反。

Ⅱ.短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Here is my idea about how a friend is like. Firstly, a friend is someone you can share your secrets. If you tell him a secret, never will he talks about it with anybody else. Besides, a friend is always good listener when you need one. After hear your sad stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm. Still, your happiness makes him happily too. What’s more, a good friend is willing to offer the help to which you need, or can at least give you some advices. In a word, friends are those you like and trust, and you will enjoy every

minute that you spent with them. 答案：第一句：how→what 第二句：secrets后加with 第三句：talks→talk 第四句：always后加a 第五句：hear→hearing; is→are 第六句：happily→happy 第七句：去掉which前的to; advices→advice 第八句：spent→spend