Grammar优质课教案内容

主谓一致

主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人称和数上的一致，主语的“人称”和“数”决定谓语动词的变化。但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据语法一致＼意义一致＼就近原则．

一．名词作主语时应注意的几个问题

1. 表时间，距离，金额，重量，数字等的复数名词作“整体”看时，

2. 以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来决定谓语动词的单复数。表学科的名词(physics)、书报名(the Times)、国名(the United States)或组织名称(the United Nations)及news。

3. 集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数：people, police, cattle等名词family, class, government，audience, class, committee, enemy等名词，表示整体时，表其中的成员时，

4. 有的名词表示的是由两个对称的部分构成的物品。如：trousers, glasses, shoes, gloves,

shorts, scissors等，这类名词作主语时。但如果其前有a pair of, a kind of 修饰时则应被看作

5. 名词有each, every, no修饰时,被and /or 连接时，即使有多个并列的主语，仍看作

Each boy and each girl wants to have a holiday.二、由连词连接的名词或代词作主语时的主谓一致问题

1.

以and连接的两个名词作主语时，

Walking and riding are good exercises.

注意：当and连接的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一人，物或概念时，

。

The teacher and writer is popular with his students.(区别：The teacher and the writer are…)

2. 就近一致：……or…… either……or……neither…….nor……not only……but also……

not…… but …… There be……

1>.______ you or he to attend tomorrow’s

meeting?

(be)

2>. .Either you or he

______ mistaken. (be)

3>.Neither Mary nor her parents _________ in for rock music. (go)

4>.There _____ a pen and some books on the table. (be) 3.就前一致: (即谓语动词与前面的中心词一致)名词

A +with;

together with;

along with；but;

except;

besides, including;

as well as;

in addition to, not;

rather than;

like +

名词

B 这样的结构做主语，

2>.The teacher as well as her students ________fond of popular music very much.

3>. All but Tom _______________(know) the truth

so far. 4. 分数

+

of ; 百分数

+ of ，

some of ;

part of ;

half of ; most of ;

the rest of ; …. +

名词作主语时，谓语动词取决于后面名词的数

1>.One third of

the students in our class_________ girls. (be)

2>.Seventy percent of the surface of the earth ______covered with / by water.

三、代词作主语时的主谓一致问题

1. any, either, neither, none, all, some等作主语时，

Now all _________

changed. （Have）

All _________

silent at the meeting. （be）

2. 不定代词(all指人除外)，many a ＋名词单数, more than one作主语时,但more +复数名词+than one

More students than one have gone there before. 找一找共同点：

1>. What we need _______ hard work.

What we need ______ suitable

materials.

2>. Such ________ what he told me.

Such _________ his words.

3>. The following ______ his adviceon learning English.

The following _______ some tips to learn English. 1）动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语用但what引导的主语从句视后面的表语而定。

What we

need_________

time.

( be)

What we

need _________

books. ( be) 学案

—

特殊用法的总结

特殊1：more than one + 单数名词

many a +单数名词

特殊2：a large quantity（amount) of + 名词

quantities (amounts) of + 名词

特殊3：and 连接的两个主语指同一人/事物/概念

特殊4：集合名词police, people, cattle

特殊5：“the +形容词/过去分词” 表示一类人，

1. The blind ____ in special schools. A. is studying

B. studies

C. study

D. has studied 3. The museum I have visited _____ at the end of the street. A. stand

B. stands

C. is standing

D. are standing 4. Three weeks ____

not enough for me to write the report. A. is

B. are

C. has

D. have 8. Large quantities of water___ needed for cooling purpose. A .is

B. are

C.

has

D. have 四、易错点汇总

1. Our class _______ a big one.（be）

Our class ______ fond of music. 2. 1>.The trousers _________ mine. (be)

2>.This pair of trousers ____ mine.

Apples of this kind ______ (sell) well.

This kind of apples _______(sell) well.

3. The population of China _______far larger than that of Japan.(be)

Eighty percent of the population

in China ________ farmers. 4. 1>.Every means ______ been tried to solve the problem.(have)

All means _______ been tried to solve the problem.

5. 1>.The aged ______ being cared for in the community. (be)

2>.The beautiful ______ not always good.

6. 1>. A singer and dancer ______ been invited to the party. （have)

2>. A singer and

a

dancer ________been invited to the party. 7. Tom is one of the workers

who ______ fired by the company last week. ( be)

Tom is the only one of the workers who ____ fired by the company last week. 8. A large quantity of water ________wasted every year. ( be)

Large quantities of water _______wasted every year. 1.（2013江苏）21. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others _____ essential to their development.

A. is

B. are C. was D. Were 2.（2013湖南）33．The university estimates that living expenses for international students ____around $8，450 a year, which ___ a burden for some of them. A．are；is

B．are，are

C．is，are

D．is，is 3.（2013北京）23. The famous musician, as well as his students, ____ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. A. were invited

B. was invited

C. have been invited D. has been invited