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过去分词做状语教学设计

观察下列句子中的过去分词在句中做什么状语呢？

（课件展示） 1.Born in a poor family, he had only two yeas of schooling. 2.Looked at from a distance, the hills resemble a sleeping woman. 3.Given another chance , he will do better. 4.The hunter left his house, followed by his dog 5.Although tired, he went on working. 答案：1.原因状语 2.时间状语3.条件状语 4.伴随状语 5.让步状语 一．过去分词作状语,相当于一个状语从句。例如 When heated（When it is heated）, ice will be changed into water. （时间状语） Given advice by the famous detective（Since/ As she was given advice by the famous detective）, the young lady was no longer afraid. (原因状语) Given more attention（If they had been given more attention）, the cabbages could have grown better.（条件状语） Though tired out (Though he was tired out), he still kept working on his plan until it was finished.（让步状语 The hunter left his house, followed by his dog（and he was followed by his dog）.（伴随状语） 【重点提示1】 当状语从句的主语与句子的主语一致，且谓语动词是系动词时，常省略从句主谓语，用过去分词作状语。 If invited, I will go to her party. When heated, water changes its form. Although tired, he went on working. 【重点提示2】 过去分词短语作状语时，必要时前面可加连词when, if, once, though, unless等，以表明作何种状语 提升训练 GROUP 1

A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. Being seen *1._______ from the top of the hill, the city was very beautiful. *2._______ from the top of the hill, we managed to get to the summit(顶点）. *3._______ from the top of the hill ,we found the city very beautiful. GROUP 2 A. Compare B. Compared C. Comparing D. To compare * 1. _______ the two countries, you will find they are similar in many ways. * 2._______ the two countries, and you will find they are similar in many ways. * 3._______ with English, Chinese has more learners. 答案：Group1 1.A 2. C 3. B Group2 1.C 2.A 3. B 做此类题一要把握句意；二要考虑句子主语与非谓语动词的主被动关系。 做状语的非谓语动词形式 与主语关系

及时间

与谓语动词

的先后关系 to do 主动、将来的

在谓动之后发生 doing 主动、进行

与谓动同时发生 done being done having done having been done 被动、完成

被动、进行

主动、完成

被动、完成 在谓动之前发生

与谓动同时发生

在谓动之前发生

在谓动之前发生 二．过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。反之，则用独立主格结构。例如： 比较：It getting dark, I left in a hurry (独立主格) 主语不相同 it 不可省略 Caught by the policemen (Since he was caught by the policemen, the thief had to admit his crime.（分词作状语） 句子改错：Being Sunday, the shops were closed. 主语相同，可以省略逻辑主语

答案：Being Sunday 改为It being Sunday 【重点提示3】

过去分词做状语时，其逻辑主语一般情况下通常是句子的主语。但是，过去分词的逻辑主语若不是句子的主语时，通常会将逻辑主语保留。这种结构中过去分词带有自己的逻辑主语。这种现象叫分词的独立结构。只用来做状语表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况。 The table set, they began to have lunch. 桌子摆好后，他们开始吃午饭。（表时间） All his money gone, he began to look for a job. 所有的钱用光了，他就开始找工作。（表原因） All things considered, the meeting had to be put off. 如果全面考虑，会议不得不推迟。（表条件） He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head. 他躺在草地上，头枕着双手。（表方式） He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. 他满脸是汗地跑进屋里。（表伴随）

【重点提示4】 过去分词的独立结构在较口语的问题中还可以用“with/without+名词/代词+过去分词”的结构代替，通常也是表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况等。例如： With the experiments carried out ,we started new studies. 实验一做完，我们就开始心得研究。（表时间） With my sister gone, there was nobody to help the old woman. 我姐姐一走，就没有人帮助那位老大娘了。（表原因） The old gentleman was walking, with his arms folded across his chest. 那位老人在散步，双臂交叉放在胸前。（表方式） Henry left the classroom, without a word spoken. 亨利一句话也没有说就离开了教室。（表伴随） 练习用过去分词作状语来改写句子。 1）. As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. → _______________________ , I was unsettled for the first few days. 2）. If he is given time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. → _________ , he’ll make a first-class tennis player. 3）

．As I was confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. → ______________________________, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. 答案：1）Worried about the journey. 2) Given time. 3) Confused by the new surrounding.