Learning about Language特级教师教学实录

选修八Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Learning about language教学设计

教学步骤：

Step1 Check the answer Discovering useful words and expressions（幻灯片3-11页）

Step2 Discovering

useful structures Objective：To revise the past participle as the attribute, predicative and object complement.(语法讲解本课件里展示了两种方法：归纳法和探究法，13-16页/17-20页，要尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。) 第一种方法：Look at the following sentences. 1.She gave me a determined look …

(必修1) 2. …

they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees. (必修2) 3. Wang Peng was amazed at this and especially at the prices. (必修3) 4. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from

London. (必修5) 5. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.

(必修5) 6. You find most of the population settled in the south, ... (必修5) 7. She was amazed by his fingernails and the softness and warmth of his skin. (选修7) Sentences from this unit: 1.The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. 2. I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes’

habitat …

3. The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish. （以上我们已经通过归纳总结对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。）

第二种方法：

自主领悟：

语法图解

探究发现

①The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. ②I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes' habitat and the ice-cubes on top of the bowl to keep

it cool. ③The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish.

④The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are

truly novel. ⑤Everybody was shocked at the news.

⑥The lost time can never be found again.

⑦The story written by a middle school student is popular in schools.

⑧If you want to make yourself respected, you are above all to respect others.

[我的发现] (1)句①②③⑥⑦中的过去分词(短语)在句中作定语。

(2)句②⑥中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面；句①③⑦中过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的后面。

(3)句⑤中的过去分词shocked作表语。

(4)句④⑧中的过去分词accepted和respected在句中作宾语补足语，与其所修饰的中心词new ideas, yourself构成被动关系。

本单元我们复习过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语。

1.Look at the excited boy!

2.So many thousands of terrified people died.

定语

3.Everyone present was very inspired at his speech. 4.You seem frightened. 表语

5.We found everything around changed. 6.The readers wished the serial story continued. 宾补

课堂要点精析

The Past Participle基本形式和意义：动词的-ed形式，是动词的一种非限定形式。动词的-ed形式兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。动词的-ed形式和宾语或状语一起构成-ed分词短语。动词-ed形式的基本形式是“动词+-ed”，但也有不规则的形式。

一、过去分词作定语

1．过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词

(the Participle Adjective), 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。如：

spoken English

英语口语

iced beer

冰冻啤酒

cooked food

熟食

fried chips

炸土豆条

但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。如:

boiled water(开水);

fallen leaves(落叶) the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。

The tall man is a returned student．高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。

My parents are both retired teachers．

我的父母都是退休教师。

(1) 前置定语：单个的动词-ed形式, 一般放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。

The excited people rushed into building. Lost time can never be found again．

(2) 后置定语

①少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定语。

The books left are for my students．

②

动词-ed形式短语作定语时, 通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面, 在意思上相当于一个定语从句。

Is there anything planned for tonight?(= that has been planned for tonight) The meeting, attended by a lot of people,was a success．(=which was attended by a lot of people)

二、动词-ed形式作表语

。过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意, 而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：

1.He looked worried after reading the letter．

看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。

2.When we heard of it, we were deeply moved．

当我们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。

3.He seemed quite delighted at the idea．

听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。

常见的作表语的过去分词有: amused (愉快的)；

broken (碎了的)；closed (关闭的)；astonished (吃惊的)；crowded (拥挤的)；

experienced (有经验的); delighted (高兴的)；

lost (丢失的)；gone (遗失的)；

disappointed (失望的)；worried (担忧的)；

interested (感兴趣的)；

tired (疲劳的)；

pleased (高兴的)；satisfied (满意的)；surprised (吃惊的); married (已婚的)；known (著名的)

等

作表语的-ed形式可被much, very, quite等所修饰。

1.I was very pleased at the news．

听了这消息我很高兴。

2.He grew much tired of the work．他十分厌倦这工作。

3.He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 听了这想法他似乎很高兴。

三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语

能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。

1．She found the door broken in when she came back．

她回来时发现有人破门而人。

2.My grandfather had his old house rebuilt．

我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。

动词-ed形式作宾语补足语的基本用法

动词的-ed形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一结构中, 动词-ed形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关系。如果这种句子改为被动语态, 原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。

People found the girl beaten black and blue．

The girl was found beaten black and blue．

(1)动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括see, hear,

watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。

We thought the game lost．我们认为球赛输了。

I have never heard him spoken ill of others.我从未听过有人说他的坏话。

She felt a great weight taken off her mind．

她觉得心里轻松了些。

They considered the matter settled．他们认为这问题解决了。

(2)

动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave,

hold等。

I have my hair cut once a month．我每个月理一次发。

He was trying to make himself understood．他正努力使别人听懂自己。

She held her hands pressed against her face.她用双手按着脸。

“have+宾语+done”结构有三个含义：①

(请人)把某事做完。

She had her house repaired．她请人把屋子修好了。

Where did you have your hair cut?你在哪儿理的发?

②

遭遇某种意外情况。

He had his hat blown away on his way home．在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。

She had her wallet stolen yesterday.昨天她的钱包被偷了。

③

完成某事

(自己也可能参与)。

I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected．我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。

He has had one thousand yuan saved this year．他今年已存了1000元。

(3)

动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括like, want, wish, expect, order等

He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting．他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。

The students wish the TV serial plays continued．学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。

(4) 过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。

The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back. 总结：1.作定语的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词；

2.过去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态；

3.能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有: 1) 表示感觉或心理状态的动词; 2) 表示“致使”意义的动词; 3) 表示思维活动的动词; 4)表示爱憎、意愿的动词。

Step3 Answer key for exercise 2，3，4 on page 24 Step4 Individual activity（此部分也可作为课下练习）

I. Translate the following sentences. 1. ___________________ (请保持坐着) and

keep your seat-belts __________ (系好).

(remain, seat) 2. To learn English well, you should seek

every opportunity to _________________

__________________ (尽可能多地听别人讲英语). 3. As we know, _______________ (污染了的水) is harmful to people’s health. 4. _______________

(三年前建造的这座桥) has played an important part in this area’s traffic. 5. You should read newspapers every day to _________________________ (使自己知道) what’s happening in the world.

(inform) 6. The young teacher is very popular

among her students for she always tries

to _______________ (使他们感兴趣) her lectures. (get) 7. __________________ (受伤的工人) are now being taken good care of in the hospital. (injure) 8. She was glad _______________________________ (看到她的孩子们受到很好的照顾) in the nursery. (look after) II. Fill in the blanks. 1. John Snow told the story about the _________ (astonish) people in Broad Street. 2. Some of the people _______ (invite) to the party couldn’t come.

3. These seats are ________ (reserve) for you. 4. The experience _______ (gain) will be of

great value to us. 5. The library is ______ (close) on weekends. 6. Don’t drink the _______ (pollute) water.

7. The ________ (worry) mother looked at her ________ (worry) son, looking _______ (worry).

III. Correct the following sentences. 1. The foreigner tried his best to make his point be understood. 2. They found a piece of rope with one end tying in a circle. 3. Mark got his hands to be burnt in the accident. 4. They both spent the night locking in the room.

5. How would you like the rent to pay, in cash or by cheque?

6. What kept you so exciting? 7. You should speak loudly enough to make yourself hear.

8. I noticed the traffic holding up after a bad accident. IV. 阅读短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，根据提示填空。

（一）With Father’s Day approaching, many dads admit ____ (连词) they are concerned about

____ (连接副词) to arrange the time at the office and with their family, according to a new survey. One fifth of the 248 Canadian fathers __________ (question) said they had a lot of time away from home because of much work. As a result, they might miss important family events.

“Because handling the relationship between work and family is not an easy task, all working parents need to face a hard choice,”

said Patrick Sullivan, president of job site Workopolis.com, which conducted the poll (民意测验). Despite the struggles, 40 percent of working dads still claimed the family-work balance is manageable. Fathers in Quebec claimed to be the most in control, with more than half of those ________ (survey) said there were no challenges. Only three percent said time away from family was a problem. Western dads seemed more in tune (和谐) with mothers, with nearly a quarter agreeing ____ (连词) finding time for chores was the biggest one of all the issues. About a third of dads take their own fathers’

advice on careers and family and are _______ (satisfy) with the outcome, while another 18 percent choose not to listen.

（二）I would like to live in a well-designed house 1.surrounded (surround) by walnut trees and which has a garden 2.filled (fill) with flowers. 3.Painted (paint) yellow and green, the walls of these 4.decorated (decorate) rooms would seem larger than they really are. In each room there would be a specially 5.made (make) armchair for me to sit in, 6.placed (place) in the most 7.comfortable (comfort) position. In this seat I would have music 8.piped (pipe) in from elsewhere in the house. I would be able to experiment 9.with music 10.created (create) by myself in a special room. This would be the well-planned house I would like to live in.

Step5 Homework 1.Finish the exercises on grammar in this unit. 2. Preview the reading materials in Using Language.