Learning about Language教学设计及教案分析

教学目标 通过复习非谓语动词不定式的用法,介绍动名词的用法。让学生通过导学案的预习和第一课时的铺垫,理解动名词的用法,并通过小组讨论展示,把抽象的语法和语言结合起来。

学情分析 这节课的是国际部高一中加班的学生。因为英语听说已经有了一定的基础,所以可以大胆尝试用英语讲授语法。

重点难点 语法是枯燥的规则和理论,如果只是单纯的讲解,学生还是不会用。本节课通过学案预习,讲,练,和展示使用相结合,把抽象的理论和实际的语言应用结合起来了,通过学生的实践,让他们掌握非谓语的用法。

教学过程 第二学时 教学活动 活动1【练习】小组讨论展示

评论 复习了不定式的用法后,讲解了动名词的规则后,给学生留实践小组讨论,然后分组讲解动名词做主语,宾语,表语等的用法。学生积极参与,并主动翻译例句,理论与实践相结合,很好的掌握了抽象的语法规则。

非谓语学案

动名词

判断下划线部分充当什么成分。

•

1. Swimming is his favourite sport.

__________________ •

2. He enjoys swimming.

___________________ •

3. His favourite sport is swimming.

___________________ （1）

动名词作主语

Respecting others is a virtue. ________________________________ 动名词作主语，可用于”It’s no use / good / useless +动名词”句型中。

It’s no use talking with him. _______________________________________ 动名词做主语表示一般的或抽象的多次的行为，而动词不定式作主语则表示具体的或一次性的动作。

I like

________ (swim) but I don’t like ________ today. （2）

动名词作宾语。

①下列动词后只能接动名词：suggest, finish, avoid, stop, can’t help, mind, enjoy, require, practise, miss, escape, pardon, advise, consider, imagine, keep, appreciate, escape, permit。

②下列动词短语接动名词：leave off, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, have trouble / difficulty(in) doing sth. devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be fond of, be worth。

③介词后要接动名词。what about、how about、without、be fond of、be good at等介词后接动名词。注意on / upon doing sth. = as soon as 引导的从中。作此意讲时on / upon后也可以接名词。如on his arrival…。

④动名词作宾语和动词不定式作宾语的区别：

begin, start, continue, like, love, dislike, hate, prefer, can’t stand

例

句

解

析

1. It began to rain. It began raining.

2. It was beginning to snow. 1. 意思无差别，但谓语动词用进行3. I love lying (to lie)on my back. 时，后面只跟不定式。

4. I like listening to music, but today I don’t 2. 表示一种倾向多接动名词作宾

like to. 5. I don’ t prefer to swim in the river now.

remember, forget, regret, try 例

句

语，如果表示某一特定的或具体的行动，多接不定式。

解

析

1. remember to do sth.记住要做的事

remember doing sth.回顾过去发1. I remember to meet her at the station. 生的事

I remember seeing her once somewhere. 2. forget to do sth.忘记要做的事

2. I forgot giving it to you yesterday.

forget doing sth.忘记做过的事

I forgot to tell you about it. Now here it 3. regret to do sth.对将要做的事抱is. 歉

3. I regret not having working hard.

regret doing sth.对发生过的事后

I regret to hear of your sister’s death.

悔

4. Try knocking at the back door. 4. try to do sth.设法……，试图

We must try to get everything ready.

try doing sth.试试看，试一试

5. That will mean flooding some land. 5. mean to do sth.打算做……，想要

I had meant to go on Monday.

mean doing sth.意味着，就是

want, require, need, demand, request 例

句

解

析

1. need doing 需要被做

These desks need repairing.

need to be done需要被做

These desks need to be repaired. 2. want doing The patient required examined

want to be done The patient required to be examined. 3. require doing

require to be done —You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

—Well, now I regret

that.

A. to do

B. to be doing

C. to have done

D. having done —I must apologize for ______ ahead of time.

—That's all right.

A. letting you not know

B. not letting you know

C. letting you know not

D. letting not you know Victor apologized for _____ to inform me of the change in the plan.

A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able

One learns a language by making mistakes and _______ them. A. correct

B. correcting

C. corrects

D. to correct

分词

判断下划线部分充当什么成分。

•

1. I found him swimming in the river.

________________ •

2. He is the man swimming in the river just now.

________________ •

3. Swimming in Summer, we can get cool.

________________ （1）现在分词在句中作时间、原因、伴随、条件、结果等状语。

．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

①时间状语（分词作状语前面可加when, while等）,从句动作发生在主句之前，或延续一段时间，用having done,被动having been done. Hearing the good news, he jumped with great joy. 做时间状语的分词，可以改成时间连词连接的主从句，如上面一句可以改成：

_________________________________________________________ Seen from the hill, the city looks like a garden. =When ____________ seen from the hill, it looks like a garden.

______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.

A. Having suffered

B. Suffering

C. To suffer

D. Suffered

_____ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.

A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited

The old man, ____________abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. (2004高考江苏卷)

A. to work

B. working

C. to have worked

D. having worked ②原因状语（分词作状语前面可加because, as等）

Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note Because ________________,he decided to leave them a note. Not having finished her work in time, she was fired by the boss. As ____________________, she was fired by the boss. Tired by the trip, he soon fell asleep. = ___________________________, he soon fell asleep.

in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A. Losing

B. Having lost

C. Lost

D. To lose

by the beauty of nature , the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm .

A．Attracting

B．Attracted

C．To be attracted

D．Having attracted

做原因状语的分词，可以改成原因连词连接的主从句，如上句可以改成：

_____________________________________________________________ ③伴随状语

1. The girls came in, _____________(follow) their parents. 2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods.

A. seizing ..., disappeared

B. seized ..., disappeared

C. seizing…, disappearing

D. seized ..., disappearing 3. "Can't you read it?" Mary said ____ to the notice.

A. angrily pointing

B. and point angrily

C. angrily pointed

D. and angrily pointing 4. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ______ that he had enjoyed his stay here.

A. having added

B. to add

C. adding

D. Added 5. The teacher came in, followed by some students. =The teacher came in and ___________________ by some students. 6. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _____ A. exhausting B. exhausted

C. being exhausting D. having exhausted

④结果状语

The poor old man died, leaving nothing to his children. 现在分词做伴随状语和结果状语可以根据意思改成由and或or 连接的并列句或改成非限制性定语从句. 4可改成___________________________________________or________________________ ④可改成

___________________________________________or_______________________ 5可改为

___________________________________________

European football is played in 80 countries, _____it the most popular sport in the world.

A. making

B. makes

C. make

D. to make ★不定式作结果状语与现在分词作结果状语的区别?

————————————————————————————————————————

★注意：现在分词作状语的几个特性。①时间性。与谓语动词同时发生，用一般时(not) ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．doing，如发生在谓语动作之前时则用完成式(not) having(been) done。②语态性。与句子的．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．主语之间的关系，是主谓关系或动宾关系。遵循的规则“主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词”。③人称一致性。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。

⑤作条件状语

Given more time, I would have worked out the problem. =________________________, I would have worked out the problem. Given more time, I will do better than Tom =________________________, I will do better than Tom The research is so designed that once________ nothing can be done to change it.

A. begins

B. having begun

C. beginning

D. begun

with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all .

A．Compare B．When comparing

C．Comparing

D．When compared

（2）分词作定语

1. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door＿＿＿＿＿

"Sorry to miss you；

will call later."

A. read

B. reads

C. to read

D. reading 2. The picture _________ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A.

having hung

B. hanging

C. hangs

D. being hung 3. The Olympic Games, _______in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.

A. first playing

B. to be first played

C. first played

D. to be first playing

4. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ____ as 3M.

A. knowing

B. known

C. being known

D. to be known

（3）分词作宾补与不定式作宾补的区别：

．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

感官动词

动词原形→做了某事

S．+

+ 宾语

+ 现在分词→正在做某事

使役动词

过去分词→做了或被做

1. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents

. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry

2. The missing boys were last seen ______ near the river.

A. playing

B. to be playing

C. play

D. to play

3. Paul doesn't have to be made

.He always works hard.

A. learn

B. to learn

C. learned

D. learning

4. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______the next year.

A．carry out

B．carrying out

C．carried out

D．to carry out

5. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found

in the kitchen.

A．smoke B．smoking C．to smoke D．smoked

6. Helen had to shout _____ above the sound of the music. (2004高考广西卷)

A. making herself hear

B. to make herself hear

C. making herself heard

D. to make herself heard (4)分词作表语

1. As we joined the big crowd I got ______ from my friends.

A. separated

B. spared

C. lost

D. missed 2. Sarah, hurry up. I'm afraid you can’t have time to ______ before the party.

A. get changed

B. get change

C. get changing

D. get to change 3. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ________ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat

B. seating

C. seated

D. to be seating

4. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ________whether they will enjoy it.

A. to see

B. to be seen

C. seeing

D. seen