Learning about Language教学实录及点评

Module 4 Unit 2 learning about language

教学设计

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target language 知识目标

a. 词汇和短语

sunburnt, hunger, expand, circulate, struggle, export, output, satisfied, strain, rid ... of, lead a ... life, would rather, thanks to b. 语法

The -ing form as subject and object.

2. Ability goals 能力目标

Enable Ss to master the usage of the words and expressions above and use the -ing form as subject and object correctly and freely. Teaching important points 教学重点

The usage of the important words and the -ing form used as subject and object. Teaching difficult points 教具难点

How to use the words and expressions and the -ing form freely. Teaching methods 教学方法

Explaining, discussing and practising. Teaching aids 教具准备

A projector and a computer.

Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式

Step Ⅰ

Greeting and revision

Step Ⅱ

Reading There are three tasks in this step. First, teacher can ask students to read the articles one paragraph by one paragraph. Ask them some questions about these passages. There are three paragraphs in the article. In each passage, there are one or two questions. When students finish these questions, they will find that the structure of the text has turned up. T: In the last periods we talked about agriculture. As people’s living condition improves, more and more people are concerned about what they eat. In fact more and more people become worried about the quality of the food they eat. Because more and more farmers use chemical fertilizer instead of natural waste from animals and they use poison to kill insects to protect their plants. So people now all want to eat green food which does no harm to their health. They are more concerned about organic farming. Now let’s read the text and know something about organic farming. Task 1: Questions about the text. Show the questions on the screen: 1. What is the organic farming?

2. What is the advantage of using natural fertilizer? 3. What is the disadvantage of using chemical fertilizers? 4. What’s the main idea of paragraph 3?

5. Why do farmers grow their crops in such ways? T: Boys and girls, today we’ll read the text one paragraph by one paragraph. Now please read the first paragraph quickly, and find the answer to the first question: what is the organic farming? S1: Organic farming refers to crops growing with natural rather than chemical fertilizers. T: Good. Now read the second paragraph quickly and find the answer to this question: what are the advantage of using natural fertilizer? S2: Make the soil richer in minerals and so more fertile. T: anything else? S3: Reduce diseases in crops and help them grow strong and healthy. Besides, keep the air, soil and water as well as the food supply free from chemical.

T: What is the disadvantage of using chemical fertilizers? S4: Let me answer it. There are three disadvantages. Firstly, leaving chemicals in the ground for a long time is not good for the soil or the water supply. Secondly, farmers often grow the same crop year after year. As a result, the soil gets exhausted. Thirdly, chemical fertilizers kill both helpful and harmful bacteria and pests.

Main idea of the passage Chemical fertilizers can cause many problems, so organic farming is becoming

more popular. Structure of the text I using chemical fertilizers for a long time can hurt the land and also people’s health

II Problem caused by chemical fertilizers 1. Damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones

2. Lead to cancer or other illness.

3. Food grown with chemical fertilizers look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.

Ⅲ

Organic farming is becoming more popular with some farmers and many customers after these discoveries came out. IV Other methods to keep the soil fertile. 附送：

Grammar 学案

part1. Get the Ss to underline the sentences with v-ing form and then say out their function of v-ing forms. Seeing is believing.

Helping her is my duty.

Talking mends no holes.

Working with you is a pleasure.

It's rather tiring walking around in a city. It’s worth making the effort．

It's no use crying over spilt milk. 归纳1：动名词作主语的用法

动名词作主语时，句子有两种形式：

①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。

②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful，useless，good，fun；no use，worth等。 Part2. Get the Ss to underline the sentences with v-ing form and then say out their function of v-ing forms. A.I can’t avoid going．

Have you considered looking for one special friend?

Do you feel like having a walk with me after supper? People couldn’t help laughing foolish man．

B. we intended go outing on Sunday. Let’s start singing to song. After a warm discussion, we all continued doing our homework. C. I remember posting the letter．

Let’s try doing the working in some other way．

Your plan would mean spending hours．

We stopped talking．

归纳2：

动名词作宾语的用法

1．有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如admit, appreciate, avoid，can't stand（不能忍受）, consider，delay, devote … to, dislike enjoy，escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, get down to, give up,

imagine. insist on, keep (on), look forward to, mention, mind, miss（错过）, pay attention to, practice, put off, stick to, suggest等等。

2. 在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。

3. 动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, can't help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。 forget, regret, remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。

Part3. Get the Ss to underline the sentences with v-ing form and then say out their function of v-ing forms. We’ve got to think of ways of changing people’s habits.

I apologize for being so angry with you. After being away for several years，it is a strange experience to return to the place you were born and brought up．

I insist on taking proper food fort his expedition．

She devoted herself to teaching.

归纳3：动名词作介词宾语

动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。

A．介词+动名词

B．动词+介词+动名词

※下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或-ing形式：devote to，object to，pay attention to，get down to，lead to, look forward to，stick to，be used to, refer to, make a contribution to,等

Exercises A.Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs. 1--- What do you think made Mary upset? --- Losing (lose) her new bicycle, I think. 2.When the teacher suggested taking (take) a swim, the entire class cheered in approval. 3.I tried to avoid meeting (meet) him because he always bored me. 4.I mean to change(change) the plan even if it means taking (take) an extra month. 5.While shopping, people sometimes can’t help being persuaded (persuade) into buying (buy) things they don’t really need.

6.Tom was unhappy at not being invited / not having been invited (not invite) to the party. 7.It’s no use arguing (argue) with him. It’s not necessary to argue (argue) with him.

8. We don’t allow smoking (smoke) here.

We don’t allow students to smoke (smoke).

9. It’s not my fault. I remembered locking / having locked (lock) the door already. It’s my fault. I should have remembered to lock (lock) the door.

10. They prefer staying (stay) at home to going out. They prefer to stay (stay) at home. They’d prefer you (to) stay (stay) at home.

11.He/His reading English aloud(他大声朗读英语) made us cheerful. 12.People’s throwing plastics, chemical and other industrial waste into tilled land(人们把塑料,化学物质和工业垃圾扔进农田) polluted the soil. B.1.Playing tricks on others is something we should never do．

2.Learning new words is very important for me．

3.Saying and doing are two different things. 4.Is it any good trying to explain?

5. Accepting the new job means living abroad. Your hair wants cutting.

6.I regret missing the report．

7. Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 8.It is no use cheating in the exam. 9.I am looking forward to hearing form you.