Learning about Language第二课时 公开课

Learning about Language

Ⅰ.重点单词

1．match vt.相配；与……相匹配

2．local adj.本地的；当地的

3．apart adv.分离地；分别地

4．painting n．绘画；画

5．castle n．城堡

Ⅱ.核心短语

1．no more than只是；仅仅

2．take away带走

3．more than多于

4．belong to属于

5．take apart拆开

Ⅲ.经典句式

1．He recognized that it was a rare cultural relic，but at a price that he could afford，so he bought it at once. 他认出这是一件很稀罕的文物，但是其价格是他买得起的，于是赶紧买了。

2．The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it. 老人看见几个德国人正在把琥珀屋拆开，然后搬走。

The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.(教材P4) 那位老人看到一些德国人把琥珀屋拆开并运走了。

句中saw some Germans taking apart...为see sb doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作的进行。

①I saw him talking to our teacher. 我看见他在跟我们的老师说话。

归纳拓展

see sb do sth“看见某人做某事”(强调动作的全过程) see sb/sth done看见某人/某物被做

②I saw him go(go)out. 我看见他出去了。

③I saw Tom punished(punish)by his father yesterday.昨天我看见汤姆被他的父亲惩罚了。

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take apart拆开

④He took a radio apart yesterday but didn't know how to put it together again. 昨天他把一台收音机拆开了，但不知道怎么把它再装起来。

tell...apart把……区别开来

归纳拓展

除……外别无＝exceptapart from

除……外还有＝besides

⑤The two things are very hard to tell apart. 这两样东西很难区别。

⑥Apart from being too large，the trousers don't suit me.这条裤子不但太大，而且我穿着也不合适。

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

1．This gift was the Amber Room，which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. 2．The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey. 3．The next King of Prussia，Frederick William I，to whom the amber room belonged，decided not to keep it. 4．Later，Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. 5．In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. 6．This was a time when the two countries were at war. 7．There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.

一、限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，两者之间不用逗号分开；关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，that，which，as；关系副词有where，when，why。

This is the computer (that/which) he bought for his son yesterday. 这是他昨天为儿子买的电脑。

The woman who/that survived the accident is Amy's English teacher. 在事故中幸存的那个女人是埃米的英语老师。

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二、非限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词或主句作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系词略有不同。除that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句外，其他都可以。

He is English，which I know from his accent. 他是英国人，那是我通过他的口音知道的。

I heard a terrible noise，which brought my heart into my mouth. 我听到了一个可怕的声音，这使我非常害怕。

三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

项目

形式

限制性定语从句

与先行词之间不用逗号隔开

与先行词的关系十分密切，限制功能

了先行词的意义。如果去掉该从是先行词的附加说明，如去掉，非限制性定语从句

与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开

句，剩余部分的意思往往不完整，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整

甚至失去意义

先行词既可为单个的名词或代先行词

先行词一般为单个的名词或代词

词，也可为整个句子或其中一部分

引导词

可用所有的关系代词/副词引导，且关系词作宾语时可省略

在所有的关系词中不能用that或why引导非限制性定语从句，且其他引导词不能省略

People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人更长寿。(若把从句去掉，句子意义不完整) His daughter，who is in Boston now，is coming home next week.他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去掉句子意义仍然完整) Peter drove too fast，which was dangerous. 彼得开车太快了，这是很危险的。(which指代drive too fast) He changed his mind，which made me very angry. 他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(which指整个主句)

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