Learning about Language优秀教学设计

Language points for unit 2 in Module 9

Sailing the ocean 1

Mercy

怜悯，宽恕，仁慈，恩惠

The prisoner plead/ask/beg for mercy.

那个服刑犯请求宽恕。

The gunman showed no mercy. He killed innocent man and woman.

The ship was at the mercy of the wave. I don’t like to be at the mercy of such a man

我不愿受这样一个人的摆布。

have mercy on/ show mercy to

对……表示怜悯

At the mercy of

在---支配中，

任凭---摆布

Without mercy

毫不容情地，

残忍地

It’s a mercy (that)

(口)幸运的是,幸亏

(用于表示更遭的情况得以避免总算是幸运) It’s a mercy the accident happened so near the hospital.

幸亏事故发生在离医院很近的地方。

It’s a mercy she wasn’t seriously hurt.

幸运的是她伤势不重。

2 overhead

adv.在头顶上，在空中，

在高处（

无最高级和比较级，和upward相同）

Adj.头上的，

过顶的

，

高架的

A flock of geese flew overhead. The children are looking up at the stars overhead. The room needs overhead lighting.

顶灯

The gardens are equipped with overhead irrigation. Overhead pipe

高架管道

Overhead view

俯视

Ahead of

提前，在前

You go on ahead of me, and I’ll meet you there.

3 accelerate 加速，促进

This medicine can accelerate heartbeat. The growth of plants accelerated. Accelerate a car to a speed of 100 mph. 4 secure adj.

安全的

，保险的，可靠的

，确定的

vt. 使安全，保证，防护，固定

Car manufacturers ought to produce vehicles which are more secure against theft.汽车制造商应该制造防盗汽车。

The child felt secure near its parents. Be secure against(from)

没有（遭受）的危险

Our house is secure from flood. 我们的房子没有被淹的危险。

Some measures are needed to secure the bank from a flood.

这道堤防需要采取一些措施, 免得被洪水冲坏。

Be secure of

相当于be sure of

对---有把握；确信

Secure A from/against B 保护A不受B

The children were secure against harm. security n.安全，保安，保护

5 awkward

adj.

笨拙的，难使用的，令人尴尬的（

embarrassed），难对付的,棘手的

It’s an awkward corner to drive round ,so take it slowly. Some of the questions were rather awkward.

棘手

He is in an awkward situation.

He is an awkward customer.

难对付的家伙

Be awkward with sth

不熟练的，

The child is still awkward with his chopsticks.

6 random

adj,

任意的，随便的

，胡乱的

adv.

胡乱地，

随便地

An experienced hunter never fires random shots.

有经验的猎人从不乱放枪。

Soiled dishes were piled at random.

脏盘子乱七八糟地堆放着。

She opened the book at random and started reading. At random

随便地，任意地，无规律地,无目的地

In a random way

无规则地

Shoot at random

无的放失，胡乱射击

A random sample/selection随机抽样/选择

7 deposit

放，存放，寄存

，将（钱）存人入银行，使沉积

She deposited a pile of books on my desk. The floor waters fell, depositing mud over the whole area. 洪水降了，淤泥覆盖了整个地区。

I deposited my luggage in a locker at the station. 我把我的行李存放在车站的行李箱。

He deposited 5000 dollars in the bank. 他在银行存了5000美元。

Deposit out

沉淀出来

Deposit sth with sb 把某物寄放在某人处

8 reckon

计算，估计，认为

v

reckoning

n

Reckon the cost of production

I recon it’s going to rain.

--can you fix my car today? --I reckon not/so

They reckoned him (as) an experienced worker. The novel is reckoned as the worst of the year.

Reckon on/upon

指望，依赖

I was reckoning on Tom arriving tonight. Reckon sth. in

把某物计算/考虑在内，

Did you reckon in the time needed for unloading the cargo?

卸货

9

prove

Facts prove that he is innocent.=

facts prove him innocent= he proves to be innocent. 10

work out 想出，制定出，计算，被证明有效

① to calculate an answer, amount, price, or value

计算

② to think about sth. and manage to understand it

设法弄懂

③

to think carefully about how you are going to do sth. and plan a good way of doing it

精心制定出，安排

Eg .⑴ See if you can work out this bill .

计算

⑵ The plot is so complicated that it’ll take you a while to work it out.

弄明白

⑶

I can’t work out Geoff ; one day he’s friendly ,the next day he ignores me completely. 明白

⑷ I haven’t worked out who’s gong to look after the kids tonight.

计划

We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it ___very well.

A worked out

B tried out

C went on

D

carried on At work

在工作，上班，在干活

in work

有工作

out of work

11

He lives close to the church.

Close to 100 experiments have been made. She was close to tears.

close to death

离死亡不远

take a close look at sth

严密注意某物

keep a close watch/eye on

仔细地看

12 make sth adj. to do ---

This made the calculations more precise and easier to do. You will find the chair very comfortable to sit on. Please give me a piece of paper to write on. 13 . identify

vt.把…等同于;认出,鉴定, 认为---一致，识别，辨认

I identified the jacket at once,it was my brother’s．

He identifies beauty with goodness．

identify oneself with

和---打成一片；参加到---中去

He preferred not to identify himself with that group identification

n.

辨认, 鉴定, 证明, 视为同一

identity n.

同一性, 身份, 一致, 特性, 恒等式

identity card

身份证

14. alongside

prep.

by the side of; side by side with在……旁边；与……并排

adv.

along, near, at, or to the side

在……旁边，近旁，沿着边

He parked his car alongside the fence.

他把车沿着围墙停放。

A car drew up alongside.

一辆汽车开上来并排而行。

15. minimum (min)

常做定语

adj.

最小的, 最低的，最低极限的

a minimum charge/price 最低收费/价格

the minimum age for retirement

n.

最小值, 最小化, 最低极限

复数形式是minima/minimums costs should be kept to a minimum. The minimum requirements for the job are a degree and two years’ experience.

该工作的最低要求是要有学位和两年的工作经验。

You must get a minimum of 40 questions right to pass the examination.

你最少必须答对40道题才能通过考试。

keep/reduce sth. to a minimum

将某物保持在/降低到最低限度

其反义词为maximum (max)

adj.

最高的, 最多的, 最大极限的

n.

最大量, 最大限度, 极大

The maximum number of students in each class is 58.

每个班学生人数的最高限额是58名。

We must make maximum use of the resources available.

我们必须最大限度地利用可得到的资源。

Temperature will reach a maximum of 40℃ here.

这儿的最高气温将达40摄氏度

16. nowhere

adv.

无处, 到处都无

该词用于句首时，要用倒装语序。

I have no job and nowhere to live.

我没工作，也没地方住。

Nowhere could I see him.

我哪儿也看不到他。

Attitude is an internal(内在的) state that influences the choices of personal action made by the individual(个人). Some researchers consider that attitudes come form differences between beliefs and ideas; others believe that attitudes come form emotional states. Here, we focus on the effects of attitudes upon behavior, that is, upon the choices of action made by the individual.

The kinds of actions taken by human beings are obviously influenced greatly by attitudes. Whether one listens to classical music or rock, whether one obeys the speed limit while driving, whether one encourages one’s husband or wife to express his or her own ideas-all are influenced by attitudes. These internal states are acquired(获得) throughout life from situations one is faced with in the home, in the streets, and in the school. Of course, the course of action chosen by an individual in any situation will be largely determined by the particulars of that situation. An individual who has a strong attitude of obeying laws may drive too fast when he is in a hurry and no police cars in sight. A child who has a strong attitude of honesty may steal a penny when she thinks no one will notice. But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time, and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations, is what is meant by an attitude. Attitudes are learned in a variety of ways. They can result from single incidents, as when an attitude toward snakes is acquired by an experience in childhood at the sudden movement of a snake. They can result from the individual’s experiences of success and pleasure, as when someone acquires a positive attitude toward doing crossword puzzles by being able to complete some of them. And frequently, they are learned by copying other people’s behavior, as when a child learns how to behave toward foreigners by observing the actions of his parents. Regardless of these differences, there is something in common in the learning and modification(修正) of attitudes. 52.According to the passage, attitudes ______ . A.come from different situations in one’s life

B.are largely affected by one’s behavior

C.remain unchanged in one’s daily life

D.could be chosen according to one’s will

53.The author uses the examples in Paragraph 3 to show ______ . A.people often make mistakes when they are not noticed B.people with good attitudes may sometimes do bad deeds C.particulars of a situation may influence an individual’s action

D.an individual may change his or her attitude fairly easily 54.Which of the following is TRUE about the learning of attitudes? A.Attitudes are only learned through one’s success.

B.Attitudes learned in danger will last longer. C.Copying others’ behavior is not a good idea.

D.Attitudes can be learned from one’s parents.

55.What would be the best title for the passage? A.Differences of Attitudes. B.Nature of Attitude. C.Choices of Attitudes.

D.Modification of Attitude.