Learning about Languageppt课件教学实录

Unit 1 the Attributive Clause Teaching aims：

a.

Help the students to revise the Attributive Clause. b. Get the students to know some important points in Attributive Clause.

Teaching important and difficult points

a. Help the students remember the important points in Attributive Clause. b. Understand the use of Attributive Clause. Teaching methods

a. Explain the important points we should pay attention to. b. Asking-and-answering activities; Teaching procedures & ways Step 1 Lead-in

定语从句（Attributive Clause）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有：

when, where, why等。

限制性定语从句:所谓限制性定语从句就是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉, 主句就会失去意义或意义不完整。这种从句和先行词的关系十分密切,写时不用逗号和主句分开。

I was the only person in my office who was invited.我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。

I was the only person in my office. (如果把从句部分去掉, 整个句子的含义就变了)

非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十分密切,只是对先行词做些附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。

His dog, which was now very old, became ill and died.他的狗当时很老了, 生病后就死了。

His dog became ill and died. (去掉从句, 主句的意义仍然完整:他的狗生病死了。)

Step 2 Do some exercises to go over the Attributive Clause Step 3 Emphasize some important points in Attributive Clause 定语从句中需要注意的几点问题：

一、限制性定语从句中只用that的情况

1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that引导从句.

This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行词是all, something, nothing, anything等不定代词时,只能用that.

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Here is something (that) I will tell you. Not all that glitters is gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。

3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that引出从句

I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. She described in her compositions the people and places that impressed her most. 4.当先行词被

all, any, no, much, little, few, every，very，both，the only 等限定词所修饰时,用that引导。

This is the very reference book that I’m looking for.

5.当主句已有疑问词

who或which时，关系词用that. Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 6.句中有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个宜用that。

They secretly built up a small factory which produced things that could cause pollution. 7.当先行词在定语从句中作表语时（无论先行词是人还是物）,用that引导。

Jack is no longer the naughty boy that he was. 二、“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句注意以下几个问题：

1．关系代词作介词的宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用

whom 指人，which 指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代

词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：

Do you know the boy to whom she was talking?

Do you know the boy (that) she was talking to?

The pencil (which / that) he was writing with suddenly broke. 2. 要确认关系代词前用什么介词，需根据从句中的动词与先行词的关系来确定。所以解题时需分析从句与主句之间的关系。

三、判断关系代词与关系副词

使用关系副词应注意下列几点：

1、关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词

+ which结构：

when = on (in, at, during…) + which;

where = in (at, on…) + which;

why = for which.

如：

I was in Beijing on the day when (= on which) he arrived. The office where (= in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (= for which) we did it. 2、当先行词是表时间和表地点的词时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用

which 或

that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用

when 或

where，试比较：

I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.

I’ll never forget the days which / that we spent together last summer.

四、定语从句还是同位语从句？

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1．定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；

同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系

(1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定语从句

(2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位语从句 2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；而同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中不充当成分，只起连接作用；句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等词引导，充当成分。

(1) The news (that) he told me is true.

定语从句

(2) The news that he went abroad last week is true.

同位语从句

(3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money.

定语从句

(4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve. 同位语从句

Step 4 Finish the following exercises 1. Mother bought me a dictionary on my birthday, ________made me very happy.

A. what

B. that

C. who

D. which

2. Look at the watch. Don’t you see it is _______ watch ________ Helen lost the other day?

A. as the same; as

B. the same; as

C. the same; which

D. as the same; that 3. ________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

4. The weather turned out to be very good, _____ was more than we could expect. A. what

B. which

C. that

D. it 5. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town, _______ he grew up as a child.

A. which

B. where

C. that

D. when

6. He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.

A. which I think is B. which I think it is

C. which I think it D. I think which is 7. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but __________ didn’t help.

A. which

B. it

C. she

D. he 8. ________ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What 9. Is this the only reason ______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

A. that he explained

B. what he explained C. why he explained

D. which he explained

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Step 5 Homework 1. Finish Ex3 and Ex4 on Page 41.

2. Remember the usage of non-restrictive attributive clause

3. Go over the Reading on Page 38, think about what kind of difficulties you would meet while traveling.

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