Using LanguageⅠ课时教学实录

四、定语从句分析与突破

一、高考链接

年份

2007 2008 2009 2010 2013

（2007）

1.Last night, John was answering the letters that __________________ (寄给他的) during the past two weeks. (arrive) 昨晚，约翰在回复前两周期间寄给他的信。

（2008）

2. The City __________________ (我成长的) is very hot and damp in summer. (grow) 我成长的城市在夏天炎热而潮湿。

（2009）

3. Learning strategies, to __________________(老师们认为) importance, have not yet drawn enough attention of students. (attach) 学习策略，老师们对其重视，还没有引起学生们的足够注意。

（2010）

4.My mother was so proud of all __________________（我所做的）that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing.(do) 我妈妈对我所做的一切感到非常自豪以至于奖给我一次北京之旅。

5. __________________ (正如我们强调的那样)many times, “serve the people

”is our first policy.(stress) （2013）

正如我们多次强调的那样，“为人民服务”是我们的第一政策。

6. Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers, two __________________

me greatly. (influence) 上学时我遇到过很多老师，其中两位对我影响很大。

Key: 1. had arrived for him

2. in which/where I grew up

3. which (the) teachers attach/ have attached 4. that Ks考点

that引导的定语从句

where引导的定语从句

“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

that引导的定语从句；as引导的非限制性定语从句

“数词+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句

I had done

5. As we have stressed

6. of whom influenced / of whom have influenced /of them having influenced

二、考点梳理

热

点

清

单

1. 考查关系代词和关系副词的选择

2. 考查that与which, who, whom的用法区别

3. 考查“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句

4. 考查which和as引导的非限制性定语从句

5. 考查特殊先行词引导的定语从句

考点1. 考查关系代词和关系副词的选择

定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的选择主要根据先行词在定语从句中充当的成分来决定。如果它在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，则用关系代词who(m)，that，which，as，whose；如果作状语，则用关系副词when，where，why。

即时巩固

阅读下列各小题，根据汉语句子，用括号内的英语单词完成句子。

1. A prosperity

before appears in the countryside.

(see)

农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。

2. They rushed over to help the man

.

（break）

那人的车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

3. Is this the reason

our offer?

（refuse）

这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

4. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house

.

（stay）

当我到达的时候，布莱恩带我去看房子，我将住在那个房子里。

5. The old town has narrow streets and small houses

close to each other. (build)

这座古老的城镇街道狭窄，小房子挨得很近。

6. It was one of those rare December days

as Indian summer.

（warm）

那是十二月里一个罕见的日子,阳光几乎暖和得像小阳春天气。

7. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity

hearing. (matter)

那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。

8. Finally he reached a lonely island

from the outside world. (cut)

最终他们到达了一个完全与外界隔绝的荒岛上。

9. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those

.

(affect)

这本书从经历过地震的人的角度来讲述地震的故事。

10. That young guy painfully recalled the dark days

the drugs.

（addict）

这个年轻人痛苦地回忆起了他吸毒上瘾的黑暗岁月。

11. If you risk something important you cause it to be in a dangerous situation

.

（lose）

你如果拿重要的东西去冒险那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。

Key:

1. which/that has never been seen

2. whose car / the car of whom had broken down

3. why (for which) he refused

4. where I would be staying

5. (that are) built

6. when th e sun was almost as warm

7. where sight matters more than

8. (which was) completely cut off

9. whose lives were affected

10. when he was deeply addicted to

11. where you might lose it

考点2. that与which, who, whom的用法区别

1）只能用that做关系代词的情况

a. 当先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时；

b. 当先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时；

c. 当先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时；

d. 当先行词既指人又指物时；

e. 当先行词被the only, the very修饰时；

f. 当句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时。

2）只用which, who, whom的情况

a. 在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人

b. 在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。

c. 当先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 当先行词为those, one, he时多用who。

即时巩固

阅读下列各小题，根据汉语句子，用括号内的英语单词完成句子。

1. This is the best composition

in English.

(write)

这是用英语写得最好的文章。

2. It is the first letter

in French.

(write) 这是我用法语写的第一封信。

3. She didn't forget anything

her to buy.

(tell)

她没忘记妈妈让她买的任何东西。

4. Have you worked out the most difficult maths problem

to do? (tell)

你解出老师让我们做的那道最难的数学题了吗？

5. Who is the man

just now?

(speak)

你刚才跟他说话的那个人是谁？

6. I think the young artist, _________________________________ his family’s support more than his talent, is a modest and noble man. (owe) 我认为那个将自己的成功归结于家人的支持而非自己的天赋的年轻人是谦虚和高尚的

Key:

1. (that) has been written

2. (that) I have written

3. (that) her mother had told

4. (that) our teacher told us

5. (that) you spoke to

6. who owes his success to

考点3. 考查“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句

用于这种情况的关系代词一般用whom（指人、宾语），which（指物，宾语），whose（指人或物，定语），不可用that和who。在这种结构中，介词的选择遵循以下四个原则：（1）根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词，该动词与介词搭配，构成固定的动词短语。（2）根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词，该形容词与介词搭配，构成固定的形容词短语。（3）根据定语从句所修饰的名词确定介词，这些名词往往表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等，它们与介词之间有一定的联系。当“介词＋关系代词”在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语时，可分别用when，

where，

why替换。（4）根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词不是由固定的动词短语构成，这时，要根据句子所要表达的意思，选用不同的介词。

此外，注意from where引导非限制性定语从句的用法，from where在意义上相当于

and from there（从那儿）。用不用

from 不会导致语法错误，但会导致语义变化。通常情况下是，如果没有

from，意思会不够明确和清楚）。比较：

He hid himself under the bed, from where he could hear what they were talking. 他躲在床下面，他可以从床下听到他们谈话。（句中的

from where 可理解为

from under the bed，意思是“从床下面”）

He hid himself under the bed, where he could hear what they were talking. 他躲在床下面，在床那儿他听到他们谈话。（句中的

where 可指为“在床边”“在床上”“在床下”等，意思不够明确）

即时巩固

阅读下列各小题，根据汉语句子，用括号内的英语单词完成句子。

1. （2013·黄冈市4月调考）There are many people present at the meeting, __________________________ the same school. （belong）

有许多人出席会议，其中三分之二属于同一所学校。

2. （2013·黄冈市3月调考）Qian Xueshen went to California from 1935 to 1955, __________________ the

research into jet planes.

(concentrate) 钱学森在1935到1955年去了华盛顿，在那段时期他专心于喷气式飞机的研究。

3. （2013·黄冈市期末考试）Maria has written two novels, __________________________

into television series. (make) Maria已经写了两部小说，两部小说都已经被制作成了电视剧。

4. （2012·黄冈市9月调考）He had three uncles and aunts, __________________________

lived in China. (none)

他叔叔和姑姑加起来有三个，没有一个住在中国。

5. （2013荆州市龙泉中学10月统考）.Handwriting, __________________________, hasn’t drawn enough attention of the students. (attach) 书写还没引起学生足够的注意，老师们很重视书写。

6. （2013荆州市质量检查Ⅰ）The two films are adapted from the novels of the same title, ___________________ by the students. (think) 这两部影片自同名小说改编而来，都受到了同学们的高度评价。

7. （2013荆门市元月调考）Jane Austen’s novels still appeal to people today because they are about human interaction __________________________. (familiar) 简.奥斯汀的小说当今仍然流行是因为她的小说是关于我们熟悉的人类互动。

8. （2013荆州市质量检查Ⅱ）He used only half of the money, _____________________ for other purposes. (save) 他仅用了一半的钱，其余的节省下来留作它用。

9. （2013襄阳市上学期期中联考）Finally, we climbed up the mountain,

__________________________

lies an old temple. (top) 我们最后爬上了山顶，山顶上有座旧寺庙。

10. （孝感高中2014届高三年级九月调研考试）He made a few friends soon after he transferred to the new school, _________________ he had no difficulty in fitting in. (help)

转学到了新校不久他就交了几个朋友，在他们的帮助下他毫不费劲地就适应了。

11. Soon after getting off his horse the captain appeared at the second storey windows _________________

nothing but trees.

(see)

下马不久上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了。他从那里除了树木什么也没看到。

12. She climbed up to the top of the hill _________________ the whole town.

(have)

她登上山顶从那里她可以一览全城风光。

13. China is the birth place of kites, _________________ Japan Korea Thailand and India.

中国是风筝的故乡在那里风筝传到日本、朝鲜、泰国和印度。

14. The new China was founded in 1949, _________________.

（take）

新中国成立于1949年，从那以后发生了巨大变化。

15. The book was written in 1946, _________________ great changes.

（witness）

这本书写于1946年，从那以后教育制度见证了巨大变化。

Key:

1. two thirds of whom belong to

2. during which period he concentrated on

3 .both of which have been made

4. none of whom

5.to which the teachers attach (much/great) importance/significance

6. both of which are highly thought of

7. with which we are familiar或（which）we are familiar with

8. the rest of which was saved /and the rest of it was saved

9. on top of which / on whose top / at the top of which

10. with whose help / with the help of whom/ and with their help / and with the help of them

11. from where he could see

12. from where she could have a good view of

13. from where kite flying spread to

14. since when great changes have taken place

15. since when the education system has witnessed

考点4. 考查which和as引导的非限制性定语从句

关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句时，除了指物外，更多的是指整个句子或主句的部分内容，

在定语从句中作主语或者宾语。

Which引导的从句常置于句中或句末，译作“这，这一点”。

as引导的非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之前、之后、或期间，用逗号隔开，译作“正如……”。常用形式有：as we can see正如我们所看到的；as we had expected正如我们所预料的；as is shown in the figure

如图所示；as often happened

正如经常发生的那样；as is often the case 情况常常如此；as has been said before

如前所示；as may be imagined可以想象的出；as sb. remembers 正如某人所记得的；as has been pointed out 正如所指出的那样；as is reported in the newspaper 正如报纸报道的那样；as is well known/ as we all know 众所周知；as the saying goes 俗话说。

as 引导非限制性定语从句还用于固定搭配，先行词与as, so, such, the same连用。如：

You can wait for me at the same place as we did.

你可以在我们以前见面的同一个地方等我。

Beijing is the same as it used to be.

北京跟以前不一样了。

There is so warm a house as we want to live in.

这里有如此暖和的房子，我们都想住在里面。

She will marry as rich a man as she can find.

她将嫁给她能找到的任何一个有钱人。

注意：the same…that…表示同一物；the same…as…表示同类人/物（另一个）

如：

This is the same pen that I lost. 这就是我丢失的那支钢笔。

This is the same pen as I lost. 这是和我丢失的那支钢笔一模一样的钢笔。

注意：such…as…引导定语从句，意为“像…那样”；

such…that引导状语从句，意为“如此…以致”。

This is such an easy question as I can answer.

这是一个像我能回答的那样简单的问题（定语从句）

This is such an easy question that I can answer it.

这个问题如此简单，我能回答。

即时巩固

阅读下列各小题，根据汉语句子，用括号内的英语单词完成句子。

1. （2013·黄冈市期末考试）

He has given us several telephone calls，__________________________ his honesty and determination.

(convince) , 他给我们们打了很多通电话，让我们相信他的真诚和决心

2. （2012·黄冈中学11月月考）

The British government made very complete tax laws, ______________.(round) 英国政府制定了不能绕开的完备的税制。

3. （2013·湖北八校Ⅱ）Study and, in general, the pursuit of truth and beauty is a kind of activity in ________________________ to remain children all our lives.

（permit）

学习，或者更广泛的说，对真理与美的追求，是一种让我们能一辈子当个孩童的活动。

4. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ____________________. (make)

莫言被授予2012年诺贝尔文学奖，使得中国人长久以来的一个梦想成真了。

5. ____________________ with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. (case)

等医生到的时候，Amy好多了，孩子都这样。

6. That was such terrible weather ____________________ our whole trip plan.

(destroy)

那是一个那样可怕的天气，毁坏了我们的整个旅游计划。

7. He is such a good student ____________________.

(like)

他是那样一个老师们都喜欢的好学生。

8.（教学合作2014届高三年级十月联考英语试题）____________________, “Education is not a filling of a pail, but a lighting of a fire.”

(say)

正如叶慈（Yeats）曾说过，“教育不是把一桶水装满，而是将一把火点燃。”

Key：

1.which convinces us of

2. which can’t be got round

3. which we are permitted

4. which made one of the Chinese people's long-held dreams come true

5. As is often the case

6. as destroyed

7. as all the teachers like

8. As Yeats once said

考点5. 考查特殊先行词引导的定语从句

1. 英语中一些特殊的先行词，如：case, degree, stage, point, position, situation, activity, business, family等词，表示“情况、方面或处境”等含义时，而且关系词在从句中作抽象意义的地点状语，意思是“到了某种地

步，在某种境况中”等，此时用where引导定语从句。

2. 当先行词occasion, point, stage 表示“时间点或时间段”时，且其后的关系词在从句中作时间状语，用when引导定语从句。

3. 当先行词为way 时，若在从句中作状语，表示“用这或那种方式

/ 方法(=in this/that way)”时，通常不用关系词，偶尔用that，在较正式的文体里才用in which来引导定语从句。若在从句中作主语或宾语，则用which或that。

4. 当先行词为reason时，若在从句中作状语，用why引导定语从句。若在从句中作主语或宾语，则用which或that。

即时巩固

阅读下列各小题，根据汉语句子，用括号内的英语单词完成句子。

1. It was more important to me to know how people thought, because that gave me insight into the way __________________________.（

work ）

对我来说更重要的是去了解人们的想法是怎样产生的，因为这能让我洞察到与他们最好的合作方式。

2. Those reports included one case, __________________________ and destroyed two cars, although there were no injuries.

(break) 这些报告中有一份案例，尽管没有人受伤，但爆发了一场火灾，烧毁了两辆汽车。

3. The reason _____________________ is poor health.

(resign)

他为什么辞职的原因是健康不好。

4. The reason _____________________ for being late was that they were held up in a traffic jam.

(give)

他给出的迟到原因是被交通堵塞耽搁了。

5. It is difficult to make a name for yourself on the concert stage _____________________.

(strong)

你要在音乐舞台上出名是很难的。困为竞争非常激烈。

6. This is a common piece of advice, often given before an interview or a date or some other occasion _____________________.

(impress)

在面试、约会前或是其他需要给人以深刻印象的场合,我们常常听到这一司空见惯的忠告。

1.（that / in which）I could best work with them

2. where / in which a fire broke out

3. why (for which) he has resigned

4. (that/which) he gave

5. where the competition is so strong

6.

when we need to impress