Learning about Language教学实录与评析

共1学时

1教学目标

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知识目标: 1有关本单元计算机词汇的应用2现在完成时被动语态的形式、结构及常见使用错误。技能目标:在口头和书面的交流中能正确使用现在完成时被动语态,并能自主进行结构的探索和发现。情感目标:1通过自主、合作学习使学生提高语法意识和学习语法的兴趣。2通过练习本单元的语法项目,提高学生爱护公物、恰当使用电脑的意识。

2学情分析

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学生在上一单元已经学习了一般将来时态的被动语态,对被动结构有一定了解。通过本单元阅读环节的讲解,又对现在完成时态被动语态有直观的认识。对于高一新生来说,有一定的接受、加工、处理新知识的能力,但在新的情景下运用以学过的知识和技能,解决新问题的能力还需强化。另外对于语法课,学生普遍有重视但抵触的心理,因为他们认为语法课就是枯燥的讲解和记忆,因此对语法的学习兴趣不强。此外,对于现在完成时和一般过去时以及一般现在时的区别是中国学生学习英语的弱项,在讲解这一语法项目是是需要着力解决的问题。而且,现在完成时要求学生对动词的理解更为深入,特别是动词的延续性和非延续性问题,是应用现在完成时中遇到的问题,这些都对学生应用这个语法项目造成了一定障碍。

3重点难点

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1学生在大量语言输入中发现、归纳、总结出现在完成时被动语态的结构特征和使用规则,提高学生自主学习、合作探究和学习新知识的技能。2 学生在说设的交互活动中巩固现在完成时被动语态的知识,并在练习中构建现在完成时被动语态的句型。3

现在完成时太中的动词特点,动词的延续性和非延续性会对学生的应用是个难点。4在合适的语境下恰当应用现在完成时,对造句能力不强的学生会有困难,教师应对做支架。

4教学过程

4.1 第一学时I

Lead

in

1

Ask

students

whether

they

have

finished

the

homework.(review

the

present

perfect

tense)

2

Enjoy

a

poem

with

music

and

pay

attention

to

the

red

words.

设计意图：这首诗歌多处使用现在完成时被动语态结构，让学生欣赏的目的是引入本节课的目标语言结构，学生在听、读的同时自主发现并关注现在完成时被动语态的结构，同时也为学生营造轻松和谐的学习氛围。

II

Discovering

and

distinguishing

grammar

structure.

1

group

work

Try

to

find

as

many

“has／have

been

done”

as

possible

from

the

text

on

page18.

设计意图：这一环节的目的是让学生在语篇中感知现在完成时被动语态结构，重新回归课本，唤起学生对原有知识的记忆，同时激发学生的思维，在旧的语境中深化对现在完成时被动语态的理解。为了节省时间，采用小组分配阅读的方法，达到事半功倍的效果。

2

compare

and

sum

up

You

have

finished

the

homework.

The

homework

has

been

finished

by

you.

We

have

discussed

that

important

problem

for

nearly

two

weeks.

Task：

宾变___,

主变___,

___短语后面跟；______变被动,

be后“____”来使用；定、状、补语来修补，位置紧紧随前后。

1.

肯定句：

_______________

e.g.

I

have

been

used

in

offices

and

homes

since

1970s.

2.

否定句：______________________

e.g.

The

house

hasn’t

been

cleaned

for

a

long

time.

3.

一般疑问句式：

___________________

e.g.

Has

my

letter

been

received

4.

特殊疑问句式：疑问词

_______________

e.g.

How

long

has

the

car

been

used

设计意图：通过让学生自我观察、比较、总结的方法，让学生完成对

语法项目形式和结构变化的探究学习。同时提高学生自主学习、合作探究的能力。

III

practice

1

Change

the

following

sentences

into

“the

present

perfect

passive

voice

1)

My

friend

has

bought

a

new

personal

computer.

2)

The

shop

has

repaired

my

computer

very

quickly.

3)

An

unknown

virus

has

just

attacked

my

computer.

4)

We

have

not

solved

the

problem

yet.

5)

The

company

has

given

its

computers

away

to

a

local

school.

6)

The

scientists

have

developed

a

kind

of

intelligent

robot.

设计意图：这是对上一环节学生总结的内容做基础性巩固练习，强化记忆。

2

Picture

talk

Talk

about

the

picture

using

has／have

been

done

设计意图：本环节通过控制、半控制操练的教学设计达到对现在完成时被动语态结构的巩固和熟练运用的目的。Picture

talk在为了降低学生的难度先教师示范，再接受快者演练，然后带动其他学生根据提示词造句。同时这一环节也让学生巩固本单元所学的重点词汇solve

,apply,

download,

simplify.

3

notes

提示一：happen,

take

place,

break

out,

belong

to,

cost,

last,

come

true,

disappear,

arise等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。

Eg：

1.Great

changes

have

taken

place

in

China

since

1978.

2.This

book

has

belonged

to

me

for

a

long

time.

3.

What

do

you

suppose

has

happened

4.

His

dream

of

going

to

college

has

come

true.

5.

The

sound

of

the

plane

has

disappeared.

6.

The

problems

of

traffic

have

arisen.

提示二：瞬间动词不能与表示一段时间状语连用(否定句除外）,可转化成相应的延续性动词.

Eg：

1.The

old

man

has

been

dead

for

two

years.

The

old

man

died

two

years

ago.

2.They

have

been

married

for

ten

years.

They

got

married

ten

years

ago.

3.

He

has

been

away

from

his

hometown

for

ten

years.

He

left

his

hometown

ten

years

ago.

4.

His

letter

was

received

two

days

ago.

His

letter

has

been

had

for

two

days.

His

letter

hasn’t

been

received

for

two

days.

设计意图：考虑到学生对现在完成时态基础掌握不扎实现状，及本节课重在讲解其被动语态。温馨提示让学生在最短时间内巩固对现在完成时难点的学习及为下一个改错练习奠定定基础。

4

Find

mistakes

in

the

following

sentences

1.

A

way

of

doing

it

have

been

thought

of.

2.The

patients

have

been

taken

good

care.

3.

Many

new

buildings

have

been

built

in

2000．

4.

Something

bad

has

been

happened

to

him.

5.She

has

been

asked

help

you.

6.

The

plan

has

changed

for

three

times.

7.

My

brother

has

bought

this

bike

for

almost

four

years.

8.The

book

has

been

given

him.

设计意图：本环节是上对本单元语法项目在实际应用中的错误的发现。是在练习1

的基础上的二次建构，进一步完善认知结构，为后面的应用活动奠定基础。通过抢答一方面缩短教学时间，另一方面也能激起学生的探究兴趣。

VI

Integrating

skills

1.

fill

the

blanks

with

pictures

2.

writing

in

groups

with

pictures

3.

read

the

writing

together

About

100

computers____________(give)

to

us

by

a

local

computer

company

since

the

end

of

last

year

.

Since

then,

a

lot

of

problems__________(solve)

with

the

help

of

computers.

Most

of

our

courses_______________(teach)using

computers.

A

lot

of

information

_______________(take)from

the

internet

by

students

and

teachers.

However,

a

new

problem

____________(arise)recently.

Some

computer

games______________(download)with

virus.

As

a

result,

some

computer

__________________(break

down).

Really

we

hope

you

can

______________(make

good

use

of)

the

computers.

Because

it

__________________(suggest)

that

we

should

use

them

in

a

right

way.

4

play

a

game

(ask

students

to

describe

what

happened

to

one

person)

设计意图：本环节旨在通过前面的总结，发现在学生获得对现在完成时的整体意义建构后进行的综合练习，实践让学生用英语做事的教学原则。为学生提供图片，让他们灵活利用目标语法结构来描述生活中事情，让他们感觉语法就在身边，学得会，用得上。在教学上采取分步实施+小组合作尝试+整体朗读巩固的教学方法既有利于降低学生难度又有利于学生在语篇整体语境中掌握语法项目。所设语境材料贴近学生的生活，贴近本单元内容，让学生有话可说的同时，提高了学生爱护公物、恰当使用电脑的意识自然，达到用英语语法做事的目的，从而实现本单元的情感教育目标。游戏的操作让学生在轻松中实际操练了本节课目标语言的同时，也给学生留下回味和对下节课的期待。

VI

Homework

1.Finish

Exercise

2

on

P57.

2.Revise

the

Present

Perfect

Passive

Voice.

3.Do

“challenge

yourself”

in

groups.

Challenge

yourself

1.The

project

_________________(complete)

by

the

end

of

1990.

2.

The

task

____________________(complete)

by

the

end

of

this

year.

3.The

rebuilding

of

the

city_________________(complete)

by

now.

4.Many

new

houses______________

(build)

in

the

past

few

years.

设计意图：作业一方面巩固、检查本节课所学知识，另一方面通过“挑战自我”环节小组合作的形式对几种容易混淆的被动语态加以分析比较，自我归纳，达到真正理解现在完成时被动语态的目的。

4.1.1教学活动

活动1【活动】现在完成时的被动语态

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1 ask students to come to the blackboard ,and change his clothes with others.then ask sudents to make sentence using present perfect tense.2 observe and speak.Look at the surroundings in the classroom and talk about “what has changed?/what hasn`t been changed”