Learning about Language名师教学设计1

定语从句

（一）

基本概念

在复合句中修饰限定主句中的名词或代词的从句作定语就叫定语从句。定语从句是一种形容词性从句，相当于形容词，修饰主句中的名词或代词。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫引导词/关系词，

引导词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。

（二）关系词

引导定语从句的关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as等。

引导定语从句的关系副词有：when, where, why等。

（三）关系词在定语从句中有三大作用：

1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。

2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。

3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作

主语、宾语、定语、表语或状语。

1.关系代词引导的定语从句：

关系代词

指代对象

在从句中的成分

who 人

主语/宾语（口语）

whom 人

宾语

that 物/人

主语/宾语

which 物

主语/宾语

whose 物

/人

定语

1) 指人: who, whom, that, whose She is the girl _________ sells flowers.

Here is the man___________ you are looking for. I have a friend ________ father is a doctor. 2）指物: that, which whose Football is a game _________ is liked by most boys.

This is the pen _________ I bought yesterday. I like the book _______ cover is red. = I like the book _______ the cover is red. 注意:关系代词只能用that的几种情况：

1、先行词既有人又有物；

eg: He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 2、先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时；

eg: You are the first person that I want to see. 3、先行词被the only, the next, the last, the very, any, little, no等修饰时；

eg: This is the very pen that I am looking for. 4、先行词是all, none, something, anything, nothing等不定代词时；

eg: Is there anything that you want in the shop? 5、主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时。eg: Who is the girl that is singing in the room? 3）指某一情况：

As →

一般放于主句前或主句后，意为“正如……，据……”

Which →只放于主句后，不可放于句首

Tom suddenly felt ill, _______ made us sad.

________ we all know, the earth is round. =The earth is round, as we all know. 2.关系副词引导的定语从句：

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。

1、when, 在从句中作时间状语，先行词是表时间的n.。

eg: I’ll never forget the day ____________ I joined the army. 2、where, 在从句中作地点状语，先行词是表地点的n.。

eg: Tianjin is the place ____________ I was born. 3、why, 在从句中作原因状语，先行词是reason. eg: Do you know the reason ___________ he was late? 注意：先行词是表时间、地点、原因的名词，导定语从句是用关系副词还是关系代词，要看关系词在从句中充当的成份。若充当状语，则用关系副词；若充当主语或宾语，则用关系代词。

eg: This is the factory ___________ my father worked last year.

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This is the factory ___________ we visited yesterday. 3.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句：

“介词+关系代词”既可引导限定性定语从句，也可引导非限定性定语从句；关系代词可以是

介词+whom（指人）

介词+which（指物）

介词+ that

(错误) 三、目标检测

1、I don’t like the way _____ he talked to me.

A. as

B. that

C. which

D. by which 2、She talked about the books and writers _____ she remembered.

A. that

B. who

C. which

D. whom 3、He still lives in the room ____ window faces to the east.

A. which

B. whose

C. where

D. of which

4、Is this the house _____ Shakespeare was born?

A. at where

B. which

C. in which

D. at which

5、That is the office ___ Lincoln once worked in.

A. where

B. which

C. what

D. in which 6、Do you know the reason _____ he was late?

A. for which

B. for what

C. which

D. that 7、That’s all ____ I want to tell you.

A. they

B. which

C. /

D. that

8、I can never forget the day _____ we worked together and the day _____ we spent together.

A. when; which

B. which; when

C. what; that

D. on which; when

9、The way _____ he looks at problems is wrong.

A. which

B. whose

C. what

D./

10、This is the last time _____ I shall give you a lesson.

A. when

B. that

C. which

D. what

11、The reason is_______I missed the bus.

A. that

B. when

C. why

D. what

12、I want to use the same tools _____ used in your factory a few days ago.

A. as was

B. which was

C. as were

, D. which 13、He is the only one of the three ____ got the new idea.

A. who have

B. whom have

C. who has

D. whose had

14、I, ___your good friend, will try my best to help you out.

A. who is

B. who am

C. that is

D. which am 15、She is one of the few girls who___ passed the examination.

A. was

B. were

C. has

D. have

补充：1.先行词被such, the same修饰时，通常用as引导定语从句。

2.先行词是way（方式）时，在定语从句中充当状语，关系代词用that/in which, 也可省略。

3.在“one of the+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句中的谓语动词用复数形式，与复数名词在数上保持一致。但若one之前有the only, only, the, this等限定词时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式。

(C组题) 定语从句错误大盘点

1.The woman which was interviewed on CCTV last night was the late US President Nixon’s daughter．

2.This is a new type of airplane, which parts are all made at home．

3.Anything which exists in the universe has its two sides．

4.Whatever Saddam did couldn’t change US mind to attack Iraq, that we had expected．

5.Mr Robert, who I’ll invite to my new house, is a famous lawyer of our city．

6.Recently I have been reading a good book, it was about the relationship between man and nature．

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