Learning about Language教学设计(第一课时)

Unit 3

Computers Learning about Language 学习目标：

1. Get students to know the structure of the present perfect passive voice. 2. Let students learn the usages of the present perfect passive voice. 3. Get students to become interested in grammar learning. The Present Perfect Passive Voice 现

在

完

成

时

的

被

动

语

态

Ⅰ.概念：

1. 说话时已经完成

的动作或出现的结果。

2. 主语是行为动作的承受者。

【注意】

1. 过去分词前有两个助动词have/has和been。

2. 必须表示被动。

I have been told about it many times．

The bridge has just been built．

Ⅱ.句型：

1. 现在完成时被动语态肯定句句型：

主语+ have/has been +过去分词

Her motorbike has been stolen.

2. 现在完成时被动语态否定句句型：

主语+ have/has +not+ been+过去分词

The task has not been finished yet.

Many workers have not been trained in the company. 3. 现在完成时被动语态一般疑问句句型：

Have/Has

+主语

+ been+ 过去分词

...? Has a new computer been bought ?

Have they been sent abroad to study English? 4. 现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句句型：

疑问词+

have/has + 主语+ been+过去分词

...? Where has the car been repaired? Who have been helped by the new computer?

How many buildings have been built in this school?

【即学即练】

Making up sentences using present perfect passive voice: 1.The buildings, destroy, earthquake

The buildings ______________________in the earthquake. 2.machine

replace

computer The machine __________________ by the computer.

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3.

new bridge,

build, in our city

A new bridge ____________________ in our city. 4.

many trees , plant, along the road

Many trees ___________________ along the road. Ⅲ. 用法: 1. 表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前,强调对现在造成的影响和结果。

The door has been locked. 2.

表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for 或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于How long...?句型中。

The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks. How long has the machine been used?

【点津】

现在完成时的标志: recently /already/yet/ for+一段时间

/ since+时间点

注意：

1. 只有及物动词才有被动语态,不及物动词(词组)没有被动语态。

例如: happen, take place, die, appear, disappear, fail, remain, lie, last, sit, stand, break out, come

true, belong to等。

What has happened to your brother? 2. 但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的动词短语，相当于及物

动词，也可以有被动语态。但动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。

The child has been taken good care of by his grandma all these years. A notice has been put up on the wall. 3. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思, 则需改换动词或时态。

My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought?

(

×

) How long ago was this book bought?

(

√

) 用被动语态改写下列句子。

1.

They have opened three training centers in this city by now. _____________________________________________________________________. 2. We have built a new library and a gymnasium in our school this year. _____________________________________________________________________. 3. They have made a plan to help the poor children in the poor area. _____________________________________________________________________. 4.The government has spent a lot of money on the Hope Project. ______________________________________________________________________. 课堂训练：

Ⅰ. 把下列主动语态转化为被动语态: 1. People play football all over the world. Football __________ all over the world by people. 2. Did they ask him some questions? _____________ any questions by them?

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3. They warned Mary that the dog was dangerous. Mary ____________ that the dog was dangerous by them.

Ⅱ.单项选择

1. —What’s

happening in the new area?

—New houses _______ recently over there.

A. are built

B. built

C. have built

D. have been built 2. There is a police car in front of

our neighbor’s house. What do you suppose _______?

A. did happen

B. has happened C. is happen

D. has been happened 3. This is one of the highest buildings that

in our city recently.

A. has been set up

B. are set up

C. have been set up

D. was set up 4. The construction of the two new railway lines _________ by now.

A. has completed

B. have completed C. have been completed

D. has been completed

5. His elder sister left home in 1998, and ___ since.

A. had not been heard of

B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of

D. has not heard of

Ⅲ.改错

1.

A personal computer has bought by us. ___________________________________________________________________________. 2. Many problems has been found with our new computer. ____________________________________________________________________________. 3. A PC has been builded the way we wanted. ____________________________________________________________________________. 4. Our computer just has been joined to the Internet. _____________________________________________________________________________. 5. The computer was used every day since we bought it. _____________________________________________________________________________. 6. A lot of e-mails had written on the computer in the past 5 years. ______________________________________________________________________________. Homework

Finish off Exx. 1 & 2 on Page 57.

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