Learning about Language教学实录及点评

Unit3.computers learning about language

Teaching steps: 1. Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text.(practice)

2 .Complete the passage with the words below.(consolidation)

3.The Present Perfect Passive Voice(practice)

1.两种时态

1) 现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词)

现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在的情况。现在完成时不能与表示确定的过去时间的状语连用, 如: yesterday, two weeks ago, in 1978, when I got there 等, 现在完成时常与

already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明确的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since, for 的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days 等。不能用在现在完成进行时态的动词, 如: be, have, like, love, know, believe, hate等。

一般过去时则是表示过去某时发生的动作或情况, 与现在毫无关系。

2) 现在完成进行时

(have/has + been + 现在分词)

2. 七种被动语态形式

1) 一般现在时的被动语态

(am/is/are+ 过去分词)

如: The work is done during two days.

2) 一般过去时的被动语态

(was/were+ 过去分词)

如: He was sent to the hospital

immediately after the accident.

3) 一般将来时的被动语态

(will/shall + be + 过去分词或

+ be going to + be + 过去分词)

如: The work will be finished soon.

4) 现在进行时的被动语态

(is/am/are + being+ 过去分词)

如: The bridge is now being constructed.

5) 现在完成时的被动语态

(have/has +been + 过去分词)

如: The radio has been repaired when

we phoned the shop.

6) 带情态动词的被动语态

(情态动词

+ be + 过去分词)

如: This can be done in a few minutes.

7) 动词不定式的被动式

(to be + 过去分词)

如: It is an honor for me to be asked

to speak here.

现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响, 其构成是: have/has been + done。如：

1. The dirty clothes have been washed.

脏衣服都已经洗了。

2. The plan has been studied by the

experts for three times.

这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。

现在完成时被动态：

have / has + been + 动词过去分词

现在完成进行时：

have / has + been + 动词现在分词

句型：

1. 现在完成时被动语态肯定句

主语+has/ have been +P.P.+...

(P.P.=动词的过去分词形式)

Her motorbike has been stolen.

她的摩托车被盗了。

All the offices have been linked by computer.

所有的售票处由计算机联网工作。

2. 现在完成时被动语态否定句

主语+has/ have +not+ been+ P.P.+...

The task has not been finished yet.

任务尚未完成。

Many skilled workers have not been trained in the company.

这家公司并没有培养多少熟练工人。

3. 现在完成时被动语态一般疑问句

Has he(she, it,单数名词)+been+P.P.+...?

Has a new computer been bought?

买了一台新电脑吗?

Have they been sent abroad to study Eng-lish?

他们已经被派往国外学英语了吗?

4. 现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句

疑问词+have (has)+主语+been+ P.P.+...?

What has been bought by Tom?

汤姆已经买了什么东西?

Who have been helped by the new computer?

谁已经得到这种新计算机的帮助?

How many buildings have been built in

this school?这所学校已经建造了多少座大楼?

Where has the car been repaired?

这辆小汽车已经在哪里修理好了?

Homework: Practice

Enjoy a poem!