Learning about Language主要内容及教案内容

尚学如梓

立德如琛

Book4 Unit4 Grammar教学设计

The Present Participles as Adverbials现在分词作状语

授课教师：清远市梓琛中学 张振波

授课班级：高一（3）班

2018年6月19日校级公开课

教材分析：本课是人教版必修四第四单元语法课，现在分词充当句子状语成分是本课的语法重点，本单元阅读材料中出现了大量现在分词作状语的用法，高考也常有涉及。因此，本课围绕课时重点进行了四个方面的教学：一是现在分词所充当的状语类型；二是现在分词的形式；三是现在分词与主句主语的一致性；四是现在分词作状语和状语从句的转换。为了实现教学目标，我在教学过程中主要采取了观察归纳法、示范法、小组合作引导学生认识问题、分析问题、解决问题。为了巩固教学成果，我参考当前的常考题型如单项选择题、完成句子，希望能够达到巩固提升的效果。

学情分析：本班学生为高一年级实验班学生，学习基础相对较好，但因为还处于高中初级阶段英语成绩两极分化严重，所以教学内容应当居中，教学过程中教师要及时点拨引导，做好学生的学习助手。

教学目标：通过本节课的学习，学生能够: 知识目标：1.明确现在分词的各种形式；

2.识别现在分词作状语的类别；

3.能把状语从句转换成相应的现在分词状语；

4.现在分词作状语的主语一致问题；

能力目标：学生能够正确使用现在分词作状语；

情感目标：1.树立英语学习的信心

2增强小组的竞争与合作意识。

教学重点：1.帮助学生实现状语从句和现在分词作状语的互换

2.现在分词和不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。

（对策）：探究观察、小组讨论

教学难点：1.分词作状语的省略问题

2. 现在分词的独立主格结构

（对策）：归纳法

教学用具：多媒体、黑板

教学过程：Revision(step1)→Presentation(Step2)→Summary(Step3)→Practice(Step4)→Homework(step5)

教学过程：

Step1:Revision 1.Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. ( __ 语) 2.No one is allowed to speak in the reading room. ( __ 语) 3.The boy playing basketball on the playground is my brother. ( __ 语)

1

尚学如梓

立德如琛

4.As far as I know , his hobby is playing computer games. ( __ 语) 5.A teacher caught the boy cheating in the last exam. ( 语) 6.You should consider giving up smoking. ( __ 语)

Step2:Presentation The Present Participle as Adverbial （现在分词做状语）

观察下列句子中动词

–ing 形式作状语的用法

1.When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. 2.Because/As he was ill, he didn’t go to school. Being ill, he didn’t go to school. 3.If you work hard, you will do well in the exam. Working hard, you will do well in the exam. 4.Many countries are eager to participate in the Word Cup,as a result,it becomes the most popular sport in the world. Many countries are eager to participate in the Word Cup,making it the most popular sport in the word. 5.they went into the classroom, and laughed and talked. They went into the classroom laughing and talking. 6.Although I know all this, I still want to see it for myself. Knowing all this, I still want to see it for myself.

Step3 Summary 1.动词-ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示 、 、 、 、 或 。

时间状语

相当于when,while,as等引导的时间状语从句，常位于句首或句末

原因状语相当于as,since,because等引起的原因状语从句，常位于句首，句中或句末。

条件状语 相当于if等引导的条件状语从句，常位于句首

伴随状语：分词等于and连接两个动词或分句

让步状语

相当于although,though,even if,even though引起的让步状语从句，常位于句首

结果状语分词等于介词with引起的方式状语或and并列的两个谓语动词

2.动词的ing形式作状语：

①相当于相应的状语从句

②动词的-ing形式的逻辑主语与句子主语必须一致

③动词的-ing形式与句子主语之间构词主动关系

3.独立主格结构 高考不做要求

动词ing形式的逻辑主语和主句的主语不一致怎么办? Eg.Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the whole city.

(分词的逻辑主语是time, 而句子的主语是I, 两者不构成主谓关系, 所以只能用独立主格结构, 也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。) 结构

：名词/代词+v-ing 有时也可用with (without)+名词（代词宾格）+分词形式

Eg.. With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。

◎有些现在分词作状语，在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，用来修饰主句，表明说话者的态度、观点等，被称为评论性状语或悬垂分词。

常见的分词短语有：

2

尚学如梓

立德如琛

generally(frankly,honestly…) speaking, supposing (假设), judging from(从…判断), talking of（谈到), speaking of (谈到)， considering (考虑到……,鉴于……)等。

4.

Changes in tense and voice of present participles （现在分词在时态和语态变化）

语态

主动

被动

时间差异

时态

语态

语态

一般式

V-ing

being V-ed 几乎同时

完成式

having V-ed having been V-ed 有明显时间差

主动关系

被动关系

表达的意义：

◎如果动词-ing形式表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生，用其一般式doing; 如果先与谓语动词的动作发生，用其完成having done。◎动词-ing的否定形式：not doing；not having done Eg. Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. 听见铃声, 学生们开始走进教室。

(听见和进入两个动作同时发生) Eg.Having done the work, he went home. 完成了工作, 他就回家了。

否定式：Not having done the work, he went home. Eg. Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. 听见铃声, 学生们开始走进教室。

(听见和进入两个动作同时发生) Eg.Having done the work, he went home. 完成了工作, 他就回家了。

◎使用现在分词的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系，句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。

Eg.Having been shown around the factory,they were happy.(现在分词的被动式)

Step4.Practice Task1.Translation:（用现在分词形式和状语从句完成句子）

1.他做完作业以后就开始打游戏。

2.你要努力学习，由于你是一个学生。

Task2.单项选择题

1.“What a beautiful garden it is!” said the girl, ______out of the window. A.looking B.having looked C.to look D.looked 2. Though _____ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings 3.Watching television，_____.

3

尚学如梓

立德如琛

A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings 4. _______the exam, little Tom didn’t dare to face his angry father. A. Not passing

B . Not having passed

C. Not passed

D. Having not passed 5. Finding her car stolen， _________ A a policeman was asked to help B the area was searched thoroughly C it was looked for everywhere D she hurried to a policeman for help 6._____a long way, Bob began to feel tired A. Walking B. Having walked C. To walk D. walked 7.It rained heavily in the south, ________ serious flooding in several provinces.

A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 8.___________, you are sure to make it. A.Working hard B.If work hard C.To work hard D.worked hard

Step5:Homework 完成下列转化练习

1.Reading the story, he nodded from time to time.(时间) 2.Not knowing his address, I can’t send him this book.（原因）

Charles left France, preferring to give up his fortune. 3.Mary sat there, looking into space thinking.（伴随）

I wrote her a letter, thanking for her kindness.（补充）

4.He died, leaving his son a small fortune.（结果）

She threw the cup to the ground, breaking it into pieces. 5.Working hard, you are sure to make it.（条件）

板书设计

The Present Participles as Adverbials 现在分词作状语

V-ing\成分

主语

宾语

表语

定语

宾补

状语

动名词

√

√

√

√

现在分词

√

√

√

√

小组加分统计： Group1

Group3

Group4

Group5

Group6

教后反思：由于要承接上两个单元的语法v-ing所充当的成分所以本节课的内容较多，学生也难理解，讲解不够到位，没有让学生进行语篇进行练习，感觉效果一般。这是本人在以后的课堂中应该注意改进的问题，注意合理安排时间，给充裕的时间让学生进行练习。

4

尚学如梓

立德如琛

5