Using LanguageⅡ主要内容及教案内容

How to Expand a Writing of Senior English

Place:Class 7Grade3,Senior

Teacher:Zhang Jinhua

Date:20th May,2015(Wednesday)

Three-dimensional aims: Knowledge aims: 1.Get students to remember the concept of English writing ; 2.Let students learn to analyse the main content of English writing; 3.Allow students to realize how to write a better English writing. Ability aims: 1.To grasp the ability of how to expand an English writing; 2.Let students know how to understand the main content of an English writing; 3.To master the ability of how to organize an English writing; Emotional aims: 1.Encourage the student to love English writings; 2.Let students gain confidence in English writings

; 3.To form a good habit of English writings. Teaching important points: 1.the mistakes students often make in English writings; 2. How to expand an English writing; 3.How to organize an English writing. Teaching difficult points: 1.How to avoid mistakes in English writings; 2.the skills of how to expand an English writing. Teaching methods: 1.Task-based teaching and practicing; 2.Cooperative learning; 3.Discussion. Teaching procedures: StepⅠ: Greeting the students as usual

StepⅡ:英语书面表达的分量

1、150分的试卷占了25分，决定了能否得高分的重要因素。

2、相当于做了十二题半的阅读理解题，大约三篇以上的阅读理解题。

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StepⅢ:书面表达失分的原因

1、审题不清→离题，写了很多无关的内容。

2、文章句子过于单调，词汇贫乏，重复太多。

3、拼写错误多。

4、同根词混用；正如很多考生分不清汉语中的“的”“地”“得”一样，有的考生在进行英语写作时不太注意区分同根形容词和副词的区别、同根名词与形容词的区别等。

她静静地回到自己的房间里。

误：She went quiet back to her room. 正：She went quietly back to her room.

飞机是一项奇妙的发明。

误：The aeroplane is a wonderfully invention. 正：The aeroplane is a wonderful invention. 5、句子结构不全。根据我们英语阅卷的情况来看，书面表达题中“句子结构不完整”的现象常表现在谓语上，尤其是漏掉be或多用be。

如：

我常常梦想自己是一位老师。

误：I often dream of a teacher.

正：I often dream of being a teacher.

我们急于参加这项工作。

误：We eager to take part in the work. 正：We are eager to take part in the work. 6、受汉语影响。如: 我的书很多。

误：My books are many.

正：

I have many books。

是离是留你自己决定。

误：Is stay is leave yourself decide.

正：It is decided by yourself whether you want to leave or stay. 7、卷面不整洁，书写潦草。

8、文章组织混乱，文理不同。有的同学在写作时，不知道如何有效地组织材料，东一句、西一句，写得支离破碎，文理不通，更谈不上正确地使用过渡语（关联词）。

9、文章布局不合理，段落不明。

10、字数不够。重点内容写完了，但字数不够，不懂地如何去扩展文章，对文章进行润色，使文章通顺合理。

★实例呈现：观察以下两篇书面表达，谈谈自己的感想或者看法。

（一）

“中国梦”已经成为社会上的一个热点话题，最近一项社会调查显示，不同的人群有不同的梦想。请结合表格，用英语写一篇关于“中国梦”（Chinese dream）的演讲稿。

不同人群梦想

1、城镇居民交通……，

环境……；2、乡村居民教育……，

医疗……；

3、大学生就业……，

食品……；4、你的梦想？

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注意：1、逐一陈述所给要点，适当发挥，不要简单翻译；

2、参考词汇：城镇居民：urban resident；医

疗：medical

care

3、字数：120左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。

Chiese Dream The “Chinese Dream”has become a hot topic among Chinese people.According to a recent survey,different groups of people have different dreams.

Urban residents want to have a good transportation and a good environment. Farmers hope to have a good education and better medical care.College

students want to have a good job and pollution-free food.

As far as I am concerned,my dream is to have a good life with my family. ☆对文章感觉：（对文章简要说明）

字数不够；过于简单；单词重复多；没有连词；句子间的过渡不够通顺；没有一定量的复合句。

（二）

It was 7:15 on the morning of February 8, 2000. An old man wan walking out of the City Park.And he

was hit by a car.The old man fell down.And I

knew the procss of the accident.I reported it to the police station. ☆对文章感觉：（对文章简要说明）

审题不清（目击者该描述什么内容），文章枯燥无味；没有连词

，字数不够

，对漫画中的各种说明没有看清楚，文章不通顺。

StepⅣ:书面表达的字数为什么达不到不到规定的要求？

1、英语基础因素，词汇有限，平时训练少，无从写起。

2、时间不够，往往只用几分钟完成书面表达。

3、考试的紧张，思维枯竭。

4、审题不清，抓不住要写的重点内容。

StepⅤ:书面表达字数不够，怎么办？

1、重点内容到位后，字数不够，对文章进行适当扩展,简单说就是进行“添

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词”。

2、如何“添词”呢？紧扣主题适当发挥，即在合乎情理，合乎规定的前提下，添加一些要点中没有提及的信息。（这里还包括单词→词组；连词；复合句；还有名言警句。）

★实例呈现

：选择题（看以下两篇书面表达，选择正确的扩展词或句）

假设你是新华中学的学生李华, 最近你发现学校餐厅食物浪费现象严重。请你在班会上发表演讲, 号召同学们加入“光盘行动”, 从我做起, 杜绝浪费。请你根据以下提示用英语写一篇演讲稿:

1. 列举学校餐厅食物浪费现象;

2. 阐述浪费食物的危害;

3. 提出减少食物浪费的措施(至少两点)。

注意: 1. 词数120个左右, 开头和结尾已经给出, 不计入总词数;

2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。

Dear friends,

May I have your attention, please? Now I’d like to share my opinions about food waste.

____________________________________________________

That’s all. Thank you!

1. 列举学校餐厅食物浪费现象;

主要内容：

Some students often waste a lot of food in the school. 请选择可能用得到的内容：

①It’s

a common phenomenon that….(

) ②

Wasting food is a serious problem.(

) ③We regret to see ……(

) ④The food in our school is delicious.(

) ⑤Students dumping food without feeling

guilty.(

) ⑥They always buy rice from different markets.(

) ⑦

We should take an effective measure to stop……(

) ⑧After a meal ,we always can seen a lot of rice covering

the ground.(

) 2. 阐述浪费食物的危害; 主要内容（一般三点为宜）

It’s not a good behaviour to waste food. 请选择可能用得到的内容：

①It’s a bad habit …;to develop a bad character .(

)

②For one thing,…;For

another… .Firstly,….

Secondly,….

Thirdly,….What’s worse,…

At the same

time,….(

)

③to add financial burden to our parents (

)

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④We are wasting the world’s limited natural

resources.(

) ⑤The bad practice will contribute to global warming.(

) ⑥People in the south of China live on rice.(

) ⑦We will fail to live up to the labours’ effort.(

)

⑧The dinning –room in our school is so big that we all like it very much.(

) 3. 提出减少食物浪费的措施(至少两点)。

It’s high

time that we should take action to save food. 请选择可能用得到的内容：

①It’s Chinese traditional virtues to save food,which we should remember forever.(

) ②No pains,no gains.(

) ③To chrish food is to chrish life.(

) ④It’s our duty to fight against food wasting.(

)

⑤Time and tide wait for no man ,so we should start

with ourselves to save food.(

) ⑥As far as I am concerned,we’d better stop this bad behaviour by law.(

) ⑦Effective measures should be taken to prevent any food from wasting.(

) ⑧Let’s leave as many as natural resources to our children.(

)

StepⅥ:实例操练（漫画为例）

上图是一幅山羊抢吃青草的图片, 请按照提示内容完成写作。

1. 两只羊只顾自己吃草; 2. 合作(cooperation)比冲突(conflict)好;

3. 你的观点。

注意: 词数120个左右, 可以适当发挥想象, 使上下文连贯。

请说出可能用到的句子或者短语（合理

、符合中心大意）

1、两只羊只顾自己吃草;

①The two goats are so hungry that both of them want to find food to eat. ②The goats are tied each other with a rope. ③The rope is too short for them to eat the grass before them. ④Either of them can eat the grass at the same time. ⑤They failed to eat the grass because of the short rope.

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⑥One goat is trying to eat the grass without considering the

other. 2、

合作(cooperation)比冲突(conflict)好; ①Cooperation is better than conflict. ②Both of them want to eat the grass first,which has formed conflict between them. ③If they decide to cooperate,both of them can eat the grass. ④If one goat is willing to give

way to the other,the difficult problem will be solved easily. ⑤It’s wrong of them to only consider their own interest. ⑥Through the cooperation,a big difference will be made to such

an unfavorable situation. 3、

你的观点。

①In my opinion,only cooperation will benefit everyone in life. ②If there is no cooperation,most of attempts will be in vain. ③We will learn a lot of knowledge and skills through cooperation. ④Cooperation always means success,while conflict results in failure. ⑤Only through cooperation can we make an achievement smoothly. StepⅦ:英语写作并不可怕

1.英语书面表达重点在于“学以致用”。

2.英语书面表达不同于作文。书面表达仅要求学生能恰当表达题目所要求的内容即可，而不需要有深刻的思想内容；它不要求学生运用复杂的写作和修辞手法，而仅需要学生运用不同的几种句式；它不要求学生运用华丽的词语，只要词语使用恰当、表达正确即可。所以书面表达比作文浅很多。

3.无论高考出什么样题材的书面表达，如漫画、表格、提纲式、对一句话或者一段话的理解，其实主要内容的表达途径都一样的。

StepⅧ:Homework 最近媒体对“中国式过马路”这一现象进行了尖锐的批评。请你以一个交通参与者的角色, 写一篇短文, 对“中国式过马路”这一现象加以评论。

主要内容有:

1. 对“中国式过马路”这一现象进行简单描述;

2. 简单分析产生这一现象的原因及其可能带来的危害;

3. 提出解决这一问题的办法。

注意: 1. 不可逐条翻译;

2. 词数120个左右。

The issue of crossing the street in the Chinese way has been a hot topic in the media recently.

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