Learning about Language教学设计

房县二中导学案 高一英语 YY-18-01-003 《Book4 Unit2 Working the land 》语法

编写人：周俐 审核人：高一年级组 编写时间：2018-5-22 班级 学习小组编号_______ 姓名__________ 【学习目标】Learn the -ing form as the subject and object 【重点难点】Enable Ss to master how to use the -ing form correctly and freely. 【学法指导】Observation, cooperation & conclusion 【学习过程】 一.自主学习

完成句子并体会空格部分在句中所作的成分。

①学习新单词对我来说非常重要。

________ ____ ______ is very important for me. ( ) ②说比做容易。_______ is easier than doing. ( ) ③我们必须尽力避免重复同一个错误。

We must try to avoid _________ ___ _____ _______. ( ) ④晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗? Do you feel like ______ __ _____ with me after supper? ( ) ⑤请原谅我没按时来到。

Excuse me for my not _______ ___ ____. ( ) 二、合作探究

动词-ing形式是在动词末尾加-ing, 属于非谓语动词。

例如: do-doing, write-writing, sit-sitting, . . . 否定形式: not+ v. -ing构成。动词-ing形式作主语或宾语时, 也可称为动名词。

Ⅰ. 动词-ing形式作主语

1. 动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的、泛指的或习惯性的动作, 谓语动词用单数。动词-ing形式可直接置于主语的位置上。例如: ①__________ is my favourite sport. 游泳是我最喜欢的一项运动。

②______ is believing. 眼见为实。

③________ _____ is a good way in learning languages.大声朗读是学习语言的一个好办法。

意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时, 谓语动词需用复数形式。

*Writing and reading are her two hobbies. 写文章及读书是她的两个爱好。

2. 用形式主语it, 真正主语动词-ing形式移至句尾。此时作表语的是某些形容词或少数名词。

It’s + no good(no use/fun/a pleasure/a waste of time. . . )+ doing. . .

①___ ___ ___ waiting for him any longer. 再等他是没有用的。

②It’s a waste of time _______ _____ __. 争论它是浪费时间。

③Is it any good _________ once more? 再解释一次有好处吗? “There is+no”后可以用动词-ing形式作主语, 表示“没法……”。例如: *There was no telling when this might happen again. 没法预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。

动词-ing形式(doing)和不定式(to do)作主语的区别: 动词-ing形式作主语通常表示一个泛指的、抽象的、习惯性的动作, 不定式作主语则通常表示某一具体的动作。例如: 第 1 页

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房县二中导学案 高一英语 YY-18-01-003 To be a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me. (指一个具体动作)到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。

As a child, she felt that visiting sick people was a duty. (表泛指) 还是个孩子的时候, 她就觉得探视病人是一种责任。

Ⅱ. 动词-ing形式作宾语

动词-ing形式可作某些动词、介词及形容词的宾语。

1. 有些动词, 如admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest等后能接动词-ing形式作宾语, 而不接动词不定式。

例如: ①I suggest _____ __ ___ _____ on Sunday. 我建议周日去公园。

②The boy ________ _____ _______. 这个男孩承认他太粗心大意了。

【看一看➡巧学助记】只接动词-ing形式的动词记忆口诀

只接动名词作宾语的单个动词可用下面的口诀记住: 避免错过想延期(avoid, miss, fancy, delay) 建议完成多练习(advise, finish, practise) 喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy, imagine, can’t help)

承认感激与嫉妒(admit, appreciate, envy) 逃避冒险莫原谅(escape, risk, excuse) 忍受保持不介意(stand, keep, mind) 2. 英语中有一些动词短语也常跟动词-ing形式作宾语。

常见动词短语有insist on, object to, be good at, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote to, get used to, pay attention to, can’t help, give up等。

①She has got used to _____ __ ___ ___________. 她已习惯生活在乡下了。

②He _______ ___ _____ __ in his own way. 他坚持要按照自己的方法做。

3. 一些表示喜好或开始动作的动词, 如like, love, hate, dislike, prefer, attempt, begin/start, continue, intend等, 既可接动词-ing形式, 又可接动词不定式作宾语, 意义区别不大; 但是forget, remember, regret, try, mean, stop, go on, be used to等后跟动词-ing形式或不定式作宾语时, 意义各不相同。

(1) forget doing sth. __________________ forget to do sth. _______________________ (2) remember doing sth __________________ remember to do sth. _______________________ (3) regret doing sth. _____________________ regret to do sth. _______________________ (4) try to do sth. _______________________ try doing sth. _______________________ (5) mean to do sth. _______________________mean doing sth. _______________________ (6) stop doing sth. _______________________stop to do sth. _______________________ (7) go on doing sth. _______________________go on to do sth. _______________________ (8) be used to do sth. _______________________ used to do sth. _______________________ be used to doing sth. ____________________ ①Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit. 做完练习以后, 我们_______________________。

②After a short rest, they went on working. 短暂的休息之后, 他们___________。

③He stopped talking when the bell rang. 铃响的时候, 他___________。

④While working, he

stopped to talk with Tom at times. 工作的时候, 他不时地_________________。

4. need, require, want作“需要(被做……)”解时, deserve作“值得(被做……)”时, 后接doing形式作宾语, 主动形式表示被动意义, 相当于to be done。例如: ①The radio needs /requires/wants _____________________. 这台收音机需要修理。

②The book deserves ________________once more. 这本书值得再读一遍。

Ⅲ. 动词-ing形式的复合结构

动词-ing形式的复合结构是指在动词-ing形式前面加上逻辑主语来强调动作的执行者, 该逻辑主语常为形容词性物主代词或名词所有格; 当逻辑主语不出现在句首时, 可用人称代词第 2 页

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房县二中导学案 高一英语 YY-18-01-003 的宾格代替形容词性物主代词或用名词普通格代替名词的所有格。即: “形容词性物主代词/人称代词宾格+动词-ing形式”或“名词所有格/名词的普通格+动词-ing形式”。

①___ _______ made us very happy. 他的到来使我们大家都很高兴。

②The father insisted on ___ ________ _____ to college. 爸爸坚持要求儿子上大学。

③I’m angry about ___________ _________ to pay. 我因约翰忘记付款而生气。

④______ _____ __made us worried. 汤姆病了, 这让我们很担心。

⑤Do you mind ______ _______ late for the film? 你介意我看电影来迟了吗? Ⅳ. 动词-ing的时态和语态

1. 动词-ing形式在时态上分为一般式和完成式。

一般式表示动词-ing的动作和谓语动词的动作同时进行; 完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。

①She enjoys _______ the piano. 她喜欢弹钢琴。

②He was praised for ______ _____ a good deed. 他因做了好事而受到表扬。

2. 动词-ing形式在语态上分为主动式和被动式。

主动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词的动作执行者; 被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词的动作承受者。

①He insisted on _______ her to hospital. 他坚持要把她送到医院去。

②He insisted on _____ ____ to work in the countryside. 他坚持要被派到乡下去工作。

3. 动词-ing的形式(以do为例)。

语态

时态

一般式

完成式

doing having done being done having been done 主动形式

被动形式

提醒: 动词-ing的否定形式是在其前直接加上not。

*My mum was very pleased at

my having been admitted to Shandong University. 妈妈为我被山东大学录取而非常高兴。

【当堂训练】

Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空

1. We regret _________(inform) you that you will have to give up this chance. 2. They all regretted ________(refuse) their offer. 3. I suggest ________(finish) it in time. 4. It is no good _______(make) an excuse for this. 5. ________(shake) heads means“No”in some countries. 6. His _____(be)careless made him fail the exam. 7. I object to ____________(laugh) at. 8. The bird narrowly escaped _________(shoot)by the hunter. 9. These flowers need ____________________(water). 10. Because of his bad health, the doctor advised him to give up ________(smoke). Ⅱ.完形填空

As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their 第 3 页

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房县二中导学案 高一英语 YY-18-01-003 calluses(老茧)and roughness. His hands tell the story of his life as a 1 , including all his struggles.

One summer, I remember, a drought(旱灾)hit Ontario, turning it into a 2 desert. On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last 3 from the grocery store. Fifty dozen was all we needed, which 4 took twenty minutes. That morning, however, the process didn’t

5 quickly. After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field, we 6 needed twenty dozen. I was completely frustrated and 7 . Dropping the basket heavily, I declared, “If the store wants its last twenty dozen, they can pick it themselves! ”Dad

8 . “Just think, my little girl, only ten dozen left for each of us and then we’re

9 . ”Such is Dad—no matter what problem he 10 , he never gives up.

11 , the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our country. It was a challenging time for everyone, 12 Dad remained optimistic. He 13 to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plates. Only then did I truly begin to 14 Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times.

Dad is also a living example of real 15 . From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to 16 our family. He always puts our happiness 17 his own, and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games 18 his exhaustion after long days. His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and 19 , putting others first.

Dad, the life 20 I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father, teacher, friend and, most importantly, my hero. 1. A. teacher

B. gardener

C. farmer

D. grocer 2. A. stormy

B. lively C. disappearing D. burning 3. A. order

B. form

C. gap

D. position 4. A. repeatedly

B. normally

C. finally

D. really 5. A. go

B. begin

C. occur

D. change 6. A. yet

B. still

C. even

D. nearly 7. A. surprised

B. nervous C. angry

D. frightened 8. A. apologized

B. cried C. complained

D. laughed 9. A. lost

B. done

C. gone

D. touched 10. A. meets with

B. brings up C. works out D. thinks about 11. A. Thankfully

B. Hopefully C. Unfortunately D. Strangely 12. A. or

B. for

C. so

D. but 13. A. happened B. seemed

C. continued

D. aimed 14. A. Face

B. Appreciate C. examine

D. question 15. A. love

B. Pride C. friendship D. honesty 16. A. support

B. settle

C. start

D. impress 17. A. after

B. before

C. beside

D. under 18. A. in spite of B. in terms of C. in control of D. in place of 19. A. careful

B. regretful C. considerate

D. humorous 20. A. history

B. motto C. patterns

D. lessons 【学习反思】____________________________________________________________ 第 4 页

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