Learning about Language含PPT的教学设计及点评

The Third Period

Unit 3 Computer Grammar learning ----the present perfect passive voice

Teaching goals 教学目标

1.language goals 知识目标

1) Get students to know the structure of the present perfect passive voice.

2) Let students learn the usages of the present perfect passive voice.

3) Let students master the following important sentences.

As time had gone by, I have been made smaller and smaller.

I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.

Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told! Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.

I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.

I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.

2. Ability goals 能力目标

Enable students to learn the form and function of present perfect passive voice.

Enable students to use the present perfect passive voice correctly and properly.

3. Emotional goals 情感目标

By writing a poem using present perfect passive voice, enable students to use the structure freely and creatively.

Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点

How to change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.

Teaching methods 教学方法

Task-based teaching and learning , cooperative learning and practice.

Teaching aids 教具准备

Multimedia classroom, PPT. Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式

Step I Revision

Check the homework.

Review the passive voice 1.

the present passive voice: am/is/ are + p.p 2.

the present future passive voice: shall/ will be +p.p Fill in the blank with the right form of the verbs given. 1）Sailing races_______ (hold) on the lake at 11 Monday. 2）Food __________( serve) between 12：00 and 14：00 every day. 3）Nobody _______ ( allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket. 4）Whoever breaks the rules, he ______( punish). Step II Discovering useful structures

Let students find sentences in the present perfect passive voice in the text and then

analyze their form and function. (Activity 1 on page 21.) Students may find the following sentences: 1. I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.

2. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told! 3. Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.

4. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.

5. I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.

Then let students study these sentences carefully and sum up the form of present

perfect passive voice tense. Elicit the structure: S + have/has + been + V-ed T: Why is the passive voice used here? When do we usually use passive voice? Ss: …

T: The passive voice is used when the subject of a sentence is the person or thing affected by the action of the sentence. We particular use the passive voice when don’t know or aren’t bothered exactly who has done something. Now look at activity 2. Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice. Pay attention to the use of has/have. When do we use has and when do we use have?

Ss: We use has when the recipient of the action is the third person single or single nouns. We use have when the recipient of the action is the first or second person or plural nouns.

Step III Grammar learning

现在完成时的构成和用法复习

构成：

(have/has + 过去分词) 现在完成时：表示发生在过去而对现在仍有影响的动作，还可以表示从过去某时开始而延续至今的动作或状态，此时只能用于某些带有延续意义的动词，常与

for……，since……等时间状语连用

现在完成时的被动语态的谓语构成形式：

肯定式：have / has（has只用于第三人称单数，其余人称用have）

+ been + 及物动词的过去分词。如：

The results of their experiments have already been published. The party has been planned since the new year. 否定式：have / has + not + been +及物动词的过去分词。如：

They haven’t been told about it yet.

一般疑问句形式：Have / Has +主语+ been +及物动词的过去分词。如：

—Have his books been sold out? —Yes. So you can’t buy one now.

特殊疑问句形式：疑问词

+ have / has + been +及物动词的过去分词。如：

How many experiments have been done by the students this month? ★

现在完成时的被动语态通常有以下两种情况：

1．表示被动的动作发生在说话之前（即现在的过去），强调对现在造成的影响和结果。

如：The door has been locked．门被锁上了。（结果是现在没有人能进去）

2．在过去发生的一直延续到现在的并可能持续下去的被动动作或状态。常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long...？”句型中或

these days, so far, up to now, in the last / past few years。

这台机器已经使用了三年了。

The machine has been used for 3 years.

这部车修了多长时间了？

How long has the car been repaired? （四）使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题

1．现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即have(has)和been，两者缺一不可。

He has repaired the computer.

Have they painted the door? →The computer has been repaired by him. →Have the door been painted? 2．注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。

(1)一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；(2)而现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。例如：

The house was built last year.这房子是去年建造的。

The house has been built.这房子已经建好了。

3．非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。

How long has this dictionary been borrowed？(×)

(换动词keep) How long has this dictionary been kept? 4. 副词的位置

often, usually, always, never, hardly等副词通常置于have/has和been的中间。如：

Such a man has been hardly believed. (×) 正: Such a man has hardly been believed.

5.并不是所有动词都有被动语态

1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。

[误] Great changes have been taken

place in China since 1978.

[正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。如：

[误] The door has been opened of itself.

[正] The door has opened of itself.

6．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。例如：

The police have looked into the problem. →The problem has been looked into by the police. Step IV Exercises 用所给（短语）动词的正确形式填空。

1. The children _______________ (tell) many times not to go near the river. 2. In the last few years thousands of films _________________ (produce) all over the world.

3. Jenny __________ (make) rapid progress recently and is always being praised by the teachers. 4. Great changes __________________ (take place) in our country since the 2008 Olympic Games.

5. This topic _____________________ (talk about) for two hours.

Step V Practice T: Read the poem. Underline the use of the present perfect passive voice. Then decide which things have been done well and which have been done badly. Guess what might have happened to the face, hair and shoes and what might have happened to the flowers, grass and paths. You can get cues from the examples.

After students finish, check their work.

Then get them to write a similar poem following the rhythm and intonation.

T: Which words in the poem rhymes?

Ss: washed, combed, cleaned, planted, cut, swept, again, again.

T: Right! Now write your own poem with similar rhythm and intonation. After you finish, exchange yours with your partner’s and check for each other. Pay attention to the rhythm and grammar.

Then, let some read their poems to the class. Step VI Homework Finish USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS and USING STRUCTURES in Workbook individually.