Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending第二课时教学实录

The First Period

Speaking Teaching Aims:

a. Key words and expressions

navigate, navigator, navigation, navigational; explore, explorer, exploration b. Talk about sailing the oceans. Teaching Methods: Discussion to arouse the students’ interest in sailing and exploring the oceans. Individual, pair or group work to make every student work in class. Teaching Aids: The multimedia; a tape recorder; the blackboard Teaching Procedures: Step1 Greetings Greet the whole class as usual.

Step2

Revision

Check the homework exercises. Step 3 Presentation Present the students a map of the world and tell them “Today we are going to learn a new unit “Sailing the oceans”. Then ask them to turn to page 11 and give them a few minutes to have a discussion.

Step 4 Discussion

In pairs discuss the questions on page11.This discussion is intended for students to explore the difference between a navigator and an explorer. This difference is important to establish because it encourages students to appreciate shades of meaning in the definitions f words and also because it establishes the idea of categories. After a few minutes, ask some pairs to speak out their result of the discussion. Then sum up and check the answers. A navigator explores new routes across the sea. An explorer discovers new places on land. A navigator is somebody who finds the position and plots the course of a ship, an

aircraft, a car, etc, using maps and instruments. An explorer is somebody who travels into or through a place in order to learn about it. Very often navigators are also explorers. In history there are four famous voyage explorers in the world, including Zheng He in China, James Cook in England, Christopher Columbus in Spain and Abel Tasman in Holland. In this unit we’ll talk about Zheng He, James Cook and some other explorers like Marco Polo and Captain Bligh. Step 5 Pre-speaking Ask the students if they want to know some famous navigators and explorers. Then present them some pictures and some related information about them. 1.

About Zheng He. 2.

About Marco Polo 3.

About James Cook 4.

About Ferdinand Magellan

Step 6 Speaking

After showing the students the pictures and their background information, ask the students to think about the question: How do you think seamen found their way before modern accurate methods of navigation were invented? If time is limited, this can be left as their homework. Step 7 Homework 1. Read the new words. 2. Preview Reading SAILING THE OCEANS on page 12. The Second Period Reading Teaching Aims:

a. Learn and master the key words and expressions

voyage mercy minimum nowhere pole overhead offshore accelerate outward longitude latitude precise simplify portable shortcoming updated tendency reliable at the mercy of, even though, work out, be used to, in relation to, aim to , …

b. Train the students’ reading ability. Let the students have some knowledge of early

navigational methods. Explain how seamen explored the oceans and what kind of navigational instruments were used to sailors before the 17th

century when they were navigating the open seas without seeing the land. Teaching Difficult Points: a.

How to help the students understand the reading passage better. b.

How to improve the students’ reading ability.

Teaching Methods: a.

Scanning the text to get the general idea of it. b.

Carefully reading to finish the Comprehending exercises on page 14. c.

Discussion after reading to make the students understand the text better. Teaching Aids: The multimedia; a tape recorder; the blackboard Teaching procedures & ways

Step1 Greetings Greet the whole class as usual.

Step2 Revision

Check the homework exercises. Step3 Pre-reading Show the students some pictures to see if they can identify the early navigational instruments seamen used and explain how they used. Step 4 Discussion Discuss the questions on page11. Step 5 Listening and comprehending After listening to the contents of the text do the comprehending exercises on page 14&15. Step 6 Explanation After comprehending, it is a good time to deal with the new words and language points in this part, esp. the following: voyage mercy minimum nowhere pole overhead offshore accelerate outward longitude latitude precise simplify portable shortcoming updated tendency reliable

at the mercy of, even though, work out, be used to, in relation to, aim to ,

Step7 Discussion Let’s the students have a discussion by working in pairs or in groups.

Topic: Imagine you are on a boat with twenty-nine other people. You have a small box for your personal things but it can only hole ten items. What would you need for a week’s journey across the North Sea to England?

Suggested Answer: Category Clothes Hygiene Bedding Items shirt, trousers soap blanket Category Shoes Tools Medicines Items waterproof

boots knife,

scissors

sea-sick

tablets, cold

medicine

Games cards, chess Books novels, collections

Step8 Summary

This reading explains how seamen explored the oceans and what kind of navigational instruments were used to sailors before the seventeenth century when they were navigating the open seas without seeing the land. Step9 Homework Finish the exercises about using words and expression on page61. The Third Period Extensive Reading Teaching Aims:

a. Learn and master the key words and expressions

incident departure crew deposit dilemma drawback dusk routine pretty starvation extreme psychologically tension gradually foresee thirst hardship b. Train the students’ reading ability.

Teaching Difficult Points: a. How to help the students understand the reading passage better. b. How to improve the students’ reading ability.

essay

Teaching Methods: a.

Scanning the text to get the general idea of it and do some other comprehending exercises. b.

Discussion after reading to make the students understand the text better. Teaching Aids: The multimedia; a tape recorder; the blackboard Teaching procedures & ways

Step1 Greetings Greet the whole class as usual.

Step2 Revision

Check the homework exercises. Suggested answers to Exercise3: 1.

I have gradually accepted the routine at school now that I am in the advanced class and make my own study plan. 2.

The drawback of using that girl for the advertising was her square jaw which made her look unfriendly. 3.

Mathematics is a subject which demands precise and accurate work. 4.

In the park I saw a small boy holding the string of a kite overhead, which was rising and falling at the mercy of the wind. 5.

That explorer wanted to secure his place in history by being the first man to reach the South Pole. Step3 Reading a. Listen to the passage and then let them do some true or false questions according to the text. 1. I was forced to join Captain Bligh in the small boat.

2. After the crew took over the ship “Boundy”, Captain Bligh was allowed to take with him a chart, a compass and a quadrant. 3. It was very difficult for us to get a correct reading from the quadrant as the boat moved constantly during the course.

4. Captain Bligh used a system called “dead reckoning” and he knew there was land

directly southwest of their original position.

5. We completely believed Captain Bligh when he talked hopefully about what we would do when we got back to England. 6. Captain Bligh was as weak as the rest of us but he was determined not to give up. 7. Captain Bligh kept us busy and tried to take our minds off our stomach and thirst all the way. 8. We finally escaped the jaws of death and arrived in Timor over fifty days after being set loose in our small boat. Answers: (FFTFFTTF) b. Give the students a few minutes to read the passage again and then get the general idea of the text.

This is the storey of Captain Bligh’s amazing journey across the Pacific Ocean in an open boat with his followers after another group of sailors under Fletcher Christian had taken over the ship. Later Captain Bligh and his men made for the island of Timor using a combination of navigational skill and “dead reckoning”, which is guessing the correct direction. The voyage lasted over 40 days and was one of the greatest examples of survival at sea.

c. Explain some difficult sentences, phrases and words.

Key phrases: 1.

in addition

另外

2. cope with

3. take one’s mind off 使某人的注意力离开

keep one’s mind on…专心于，把注意力集中于

put one’s mind into/to…专心于

4.set loose出发, 使爆炸, 引起, (使)开始(做某事) 5.the jaws of death / defeat= used to describe an unpleasant situation that almost happens鬼门关，失败的险境

Step4 Discussion Discuss these situations in fours and then hold a class discussion. 1.

Would you have behaved like the person in the reading and joined Captain Bligh

in the open boat or stayed on the “Bounty”? You should have reasons for your choice. 2. At the time that the nineteen men in the boat sailed for Timor they did not know if they would survive or not. What do you think were the most important things they would need to take with them? Who should decide these items? Remember that the boat was already very full with people and could not hold very much more. 3. Many men who wanted to go into the boat were unable to because of the lack of space. If they stayed on the “Bounty” and were caught by the British navy, they should be killed according to the law. 4. What would the students have done to avoid being caught and punished if they had been part of the group who took over the “Bounty”? Would they have gone back to Tahiti or looked for another place to live? Which place would be the safest? 5. After the discussion let students prepare for the speaking exercise and encourage them to make notes of their ideas. Follow this format: Discuss in pairs.

Make a list of the ideas. 6. Swap ideas with another pair and resolve differences. Make a new list of the ideas.

7. One member of the group should give the ideas to the class in turn. Other groups can discuss these ideas and evaluate them. One sample dialogue: Li Pei (LP), Du Zhou (DZ), Wen Fuqing (WF) and Liu Yongfu (LY) are discussing the journey and Captain’s Bligh’s leadership qualities.

Step5 Homework

Finish exercises in workbook. After class write a report to your letter explaining to him why you think Captain Bligh should or should not receive the medal.