Learning about Language设计意图

非限制性定语从句

教学目标：非限制性定语从句理解

教学方法：练习法

；小组合作讨论

教学过程：

探究发现

用适当的连接词填空

1．Xie Lei, who is 21 years old, has come to our university to study for a business qualification. 2．She is halfway through the preparation year, which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course.

3．You have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning.

4．Living with host families, in which there may be other college students, gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture.

5．He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did.

[我的发现]

(1)以上句子皆为非限制性定语从句，从句与主句之间用逗号隔开。

(2)非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之中(如句1)，前后有逗号隔开，也可以置于主句之后(如句2、3、4、5)。

(3)非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是指人或指物的某一名词(如句1、2、3、4)，也可指

代整个主句的内容(如句5)。

一、非限制性定语从句的特点

1．非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开，是对先行词的附加说明，如去掉，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整。

The children, who wanted to have a journey, were disappointed when the journey was cancelled.

那些想旅行的孩子，都因旅行的取消而感到失望。

That they will get married, which has not been announced, has spread around. 他们要结婚的消息还没有被宣布，却已经被传得沸沸扬扬。

2．非限制性定语从句的先行词既可为单个的名词或代词，也可为整个句子或其中一部分，且常译成并列的分句。

We'll graduate inJuly, when we will be free. (先行词为名词) 我们将于七月份毕业，到那时我们就自由了。

He often comes to school late, which makes his teacher angry.(先行词为主句的内容) 他经常上课迟到，这使得他的老师很生气。

[即时演练1] 补全句子

①(2016·江苏高考改编

)Many young people, most_of_whom_were _well- educated,_headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.

很多年轻人，他们中的大多数受到了良好的教育，都到偏远地区去追逐自己的梦想。

②(2016·浙江高考改编)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry

tears, none_of_which_has_been_proved.

就人类为什么哭科学家提出来许多理论，但没有一项理论得到过证明。

③(2016·天津高考改编)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,

when_the_weather_may_be_better.

我们将会把去公园野餐的时间推迟到下周，那个时候天气可能会更好一些。

二、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词

1．关系代词

which指物，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；who/whom指人，who在从句中作主语，而whom在从句中作宾语；as既可指人也可指物，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；whose既可指人也可指物，在从句中作定语。

He wasn't unconscious, as could be judged from his eyes. 他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神可以判断出来。

Mr. King, whose legs were badly hurt，was quickly taken to hospital. 金先生的腿受了重伤，他很快就被送去医院了。

2．关系副词

when指代时间，在从句中充当时间状语，可与“介词＋which”互换；where指代地点，在从句中充当地点状语，可与“介词＋which”互换。

We will put off the outing until next Sunday, when/onwhich we won't be so busy. 我们把郊游推迟到下个星期天，那时我们就不会那么忙了。

Yesterday, they went out to have a picnic in the park, where/in which they had a good time.

昨天，他们出去在公园里野餐了，在那里他们玩得很开心。

[名师点津] (1)非限制性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词，

对其进行修饰，

这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。

(2)非限制定语从句中，不用why引导，用for which代替why。

He has been busy with his work the whole holiday, which has made his girlfriend unhappy.

他一整个假期都忙于工作，这令他的女朋友很生气。

The reason,for which he was absent from the meeting, wasn't given. 他为何缺席会议，没有给出任何理由。

[即时演练2] 用恰当的关系词填空

①

Yao Ming, as you know, is an excellent basketball player.

②

I wish to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this far. ③(2013·天津高考改编)We have launched another man- made satellite, which is announced in today's newspaper.

④(2012·浙江高考改编

)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, who,_for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.

三、as 与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别

as

which

指代

引导从句只能指代整个主句的内容引导从句既可指代整个主句的内容，也可

指代主句的一部分

位置

可位于主句之前，之中或之后

引导从句不能置于主句之前

意义

正如

这，那

功能

连接上下文，表达说话人的观点、看法，

并指出主句内容的根据或出处等

引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句

As we all know, the earth moves around the sun. 众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。

The singer, as was expected, achieved a great success. 正如所期盼的，这位歌手取得了巨大成功。

Catherine will attend a friend's wedding, which she is busy preparing for now. 凯瑟琳将参加一个朋友的婚礼，现在她正在为此做准备。

[即时演练3] 选词填空(as/which)

①(2014·四川高考改编)Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, which is quite unexpected.

②(2013·山东高考改编)There is no simple answer, as is often the case in science.

③(2013·江苏高考改编)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, which he remembers starting as early as his childhood.

④As we all know, he is a gifted pianist.

四、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句

意义

起限定作用，指特定的人或物，从句不

仅作补充或说明，若去掉从句，主句意可省略，否则原句句意不完整

引导词

所有的关系代词及副词

关系代词或关系副词，但是关系代词

that 及关系副词why除外

When you reached the village, you would first find a house whose windows were made of wood.

当你到达那个村庄时，你首先会发现一座有着木窗的房子。

They enjoyed beautiful scenery in the mountain area, where they also did some climbing.

他们在这个山区欣赏到了美景，在那里他们还做了些爬山运动。

[巧学助记]

定从分类有奥妙，限与非限看逗号；

定前必有先行词，名代两类最适宜；

定从先行很紧密，代副两词拉关系。

[即时演练4] 将下列句子翻译成汉语

①(2012·北京高考书面表达)I advised them to take Bus No. 20, which could take them there directly.

我建议他们乘坐20路公交车，它能直接把他们带到那里。

②The netizens (网民) who don't voice their opinions account for ten percent. 没有发表观点的网民占百分之十。

Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空

1．I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, as do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.

2．Whenever I met her, which was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. 3．She has been absent again, as is expected.

4．The famous footballer, in whose honour a party will be held, is to arrive this afternoon. 5．As is reported in the newspaper, a serious accident has happened recently.

6．The owner paid the worker for cleaning the whole building, most of which hadn't been cleaned for at least one month.

7．I shall never forget those years when I lived in the country with the farmers, which has a great effect on my life.

8．Her father works in a factory, where he makes cars.

9．The old lady has two daughters, one of whom is working abroad.

10．This is one of the reasons why you have to give it up. Ⅱ.单句写作(用定语从句补全句子)

1．They lived in a tall building, in_front_of_which_stood_a_big_tree.(stand)

他们住在一个高楼里，在楼的前面矗立着一棵大树。

2．There are 60 people in the group, half_of_whom_are_migrant_workers. (whom) 这群人共有60人，其中一半的人是农民工。

3．Let's fix the date for our appointment, when_we_will_discuss_the_matter. (discuss)

让我们为我们的约会定个日期，届时我们将谈论这件事。

4.He turned out to be very successful, which_was_beyond_our_expectation. (beyond) 结果他很成功，这超出了我们的期望。

5．The village is not the same one as_it_used_to_be. (as) 这个村庄不再是它过去的样子。

6．The three sons, none_of_whom_is_a_doctor,_have all achieved great success.(none) 这三个儿子都已取得巨大成功，他们当中没有一个是医生。

7．He entered a café

one day 10 years ago, in_which_he_first_met_his_wife. (which)

十年前的一天他走进了一家咖啡馆，在那里他第一次遇到他的妻子。

8．Mary, who_is_my_best_friend,_will come to see me tomorrow. (who) 玛丽明天会来看我，她是我最好的朋友。

9．She bought some cloth yesterday, with_which_she_was_going_to_make_a_dress. (with) 昨天她买了些布，她打算用这些布做一件裙子。

10．The tourist was standing on the top of the building, where_he_could_enjoy

_the_beautiful_view. (enjoy)

游客站在楼顶上，在那里他能够欣赏到美丽的风景。

Ⅲ.用适当的连词或关系词完成短文

Nat, 1.who was ten years old, lived in a small town in England. He always stayed in England for

his holidays, 2.but one day he decided to go to Spain, 3.where all his friends liked to go for their

holidays. First he went to Madrid, 4.which is the Spanish capital, and stayed in a small hotel. On the first morning, he went out for a walk. In England, people drive on the left. But in Spain, they

drive on

the right, 5.which he forgot. 6.While he was walking along a busy street, a bike 7.which/that came

before him, knocked him down. Nat was sent to the hospital, in 8.which the girl 9.who/that rode the bike said sorry to him. After two days, Nat left Spain and returned to England. He told his friends that he wouldn' t forget the days 10.when he stayed in Spain.