Learning about Language教学设计第一课时

Period 3 授课教师

教学内容

教学目标

教学重点

教学难点

学情分析

教学手段

杨红云

被动语态

学科

英语

班级

课型

Class 1，4 Grammar 授课时间

Oct. 26 教学时数

1 To help Ss learn the target grammar of this unit

八大时态、及固定句型的被动语态在句中的熟练运用。

To use the target grammar properly according to the context

时态和语态的考查和运用非常广泛，但也是学生的弱项，所以务必重视

Observation, discussion & summary 教学步骤

二次备课

1.

先让学生通过句子进行导入，会更直观，更容易理解。

Step 1: Deal with the homework

Step 2: Review the sentence patterns learned last period

Step 3:Grammar---The Passive Voice（被动语态）

一、被动语态的构成形式

1. 被动语态的基本时态变化（八种时态的被动语态）：

1)

am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时

2）

has /have been done 现在完成时

3）

am/is /are being done 现在进行时

4）

was/were done 一般过去时

5）

had been done 过去完成时

6）

was/were being done 过去进行时

2.

把常考8种时态的主 7）

shall/will be done 一般将来时

动和被动形式进行对8）

should/would be done 过去将来时

比，会更有效。如：

2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式

（1）

do/does→ 1)情态动词的被动结构：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。

am/is/are done The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.

2)

有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构（2）

did→was/were done 中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。

His mother gave him a present for his birthday.

（3）

am/is/are going 可改为

He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.

to do→am/is/are 3)

当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被going to be done 动结构中的主语，其余不动。

（4）

was/were going

Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.

to do→was/were 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. going to be done

4）在使役动词have, make ,let以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，（5）

…

但变为被动结构时，要加to。

Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.

1

可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.

4)

有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”

等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。

其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

The meeting is to be put off till Friday.

1.

非谓语动词的被动语态

v-ing 形式及不定式

to do 也有被动语态。（being done; to be done）

I don't like being laughed at in the public.

二、

如何使用被动语态

3.

重点强调：主动形式

1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者

(这时可省

表示被动意义的常用by 短语)。

动词和短语

My bike was stolen last night.

2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。

I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.

3. 为了更好地安排句子。

The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized

by people.

三、

It is said that+从句及其他类似句型

一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report,

say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主

语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。有：

It is said that… 据说,

It is reported that…据报道，

It is believed that…大家相信，

It is hoped that…大家希望，

It is well known that…众所周知，

It is thought that…大家认为，

It is suggested that…据建议

四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义(实验班可用，普通班可不用)

1.英语中有很多动词如

break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常

用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。

This kind of cloth washes well.

注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外

界作用造成的影响。

试比较：The door won't lock．

（指门本身有毛病）

The door won't be locked．

（指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）

2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place,

break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以

主动形式表示被动意义。

2

How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何印出来的呢？

3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的系动词feel, sound,

taste, look, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。

Your reason sounds reasonable.

五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义

在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义

。

1．

在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示

被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。

The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。

2．

形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动

词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。

The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very 4.

难点归纳：

worthy to be read．）

（1）deserve/need/want/ 4. 在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主require doing 语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表（2）be worth doing 达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。

（3）主

+ 系动词

+ This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作to work out前省略了for adj. + to do…

me）.

5．

在too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形（4）too + adj./adv. + to do…

式表示被动意义。

This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.

Step 4: Practice

Task1.真题赏析

(1)

A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ （trap）in the mountains for two days.

(2018 北京卷)

(2)

My washing machine ___________ （repair）this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.

（2018•天津）

(3)（2018•江苏）I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______ (carry) out in the past two years.

（2018•江苏）

(4) Nowadays , cycling along with jogging and swimming ___________ (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercises . (2017天津,13)

(5)He hurried home , never once looking back to see if he __________ (follow).

(2017 江苏卷) (6) In the 1950s in the USA , most families had just one phone at home , and wireless phones __________ (not invent ) yet

(7) The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts __________ (reward) with success in the end . (2016 北京卷) (8) More efforts as reported , __________ (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform .(2016 江苏卷) （9）

——Did you enjoy the party ?

——Yes .We__________

(treat ) well by our hosts . (2015 北京卷) （10）Despite the previous rounds of talks ,no agreement (reach ) __________ (reach ) so far by the two sides .(2015 天津卷)

（11）It is reported that a space station __________

(build ) on the moon in years to come .(2015 安徽卷

) 3

（12）More expressways __________ (build ) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy . (2015 四川卷

)

（13）In my hometown , there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all

the wheat __________ (cut ) (2015 重庆卷

)

（14）I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy , but

__________ (hold) back (2015 湖南卷

)

（15）We will not start the work until all the preparations __________ (make ) .(2014 天津卷) Keys:

(1) have been trapped

(2) is being repaired

(3) had been carried

(4.)was being followed (5)had not been invented (6)is regraded (7)will be rewarded（8）have been made (9) were treated (10) has been reached (12) will be built (13) has been cut / is cut

(14) was held (15) have been made

Task 2.巩固练习---单句语法填空：

1.English _________(讲) by us every day . 2.The project ________( 完成) last week . 3.Our class can ________(分成) into 4 groups . 4.Look !.The bridge ________(建设). 5.The factory ________ already . __________

__________ (建成) up .

6.The dreams ________(实现

)one day .

7.After the maths problem ________(解出) out he went bed . 8.He told us that we __________ (领…参观) around the museum the next week .

Keys:1.is spoken

2.was finished 3.be divided

4.is being built

5.has,been set

6.will be realized

7.had been worked 8.would be showed

Step 5: Homework

补偿练习

课后

反思

1.

可以让学生通过句子或语篇进行导入，会更直观，更容易理解。例如：可以把“语法填空”改编为被动语态作为导入部分。

2.

可以把常考8种时态的主动和被动形式进行对比并加上对应的训练，如把所给句子的主动和被动语态互改，会更有效。

4

5