Learning about Language第二课时教案

The Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Attributive Clauses

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

一、限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别

区别

形式

功能

先行词

引导词

翻译

品味典例：

He is the man who lives the next door. 他就是住在隔壁的那个人。

His wife, whom you met in my house, is

a teacher. 他的妻子是位老师，你在我家曾经见过。

People who take physical exercise live longer.进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。

His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。

He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意，这使我很生气。

注意： 1.that 不可以用于引导非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句

与主句之间不用逗号隔开

对先行词进行限定、修饰。如果去掉，剩余部分的意思便不完整、不明确

名词或代词

所有的关系代词/副词

常译成前置定语

非限制性定语从句

与主句之间一般用逗号隔开

对先行词作附加说明，去掉后，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整、明确

名词、名词性词组或整个主句

除that和why之外的关系代词/副词

常译成并列分句

[来源学科网Z|X|X|K]2. 在非限制性定语从句中，指人的关系代词作宾语时，只能用宾格whom; 不能用who替换，也不能省略。

3. 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导。要用for which代替why。

4. 关系词省略情况不同。在限制性定语从句中，关系代词作宾语可以省略，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不省略。

二、as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别

1．as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词一般为整个主句；而which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是整个主句又可以是主句的一部分。

2．as引导的从句位置灵活，可位于先行词之前、之中和之后，而which引导的从句仅能位于先行词之后。

3．as引导从句时常译为“正如”，而which常译为“这；那”。常用句型有：as we all know，as is known to all，as everybody can see，as is expected，as is said/mentioned above, as is often the case等。

He did the experiment successfully，as had been expected.正如期望的那样，他试验做得非常成功。

He failed in the experiment，which was unexpected.他试验失败了，这是没有料到的。

达标检测

I. 用非限制性定语从句合并下列句子。

1. Tom didn't study hard．This thing made his parents worried．

____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. It is shown on Chart 2 that only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities. _____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. He was very rude to the customs officer. Of course that made things even worse. _____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. The students put the most time into their homework and it takes up 46 minutes.

_____________________________________________________________________________________ II 根据本单元内容完成句子

1. I ______________________ him, but I didn't attend the party last night.. 我本可以遇见他，可惜我没去参加昨晚的聚会。

2. They are _____________ the woods ____________ the missing boy. 他们在森林里寻找那个失踪的小男孩。

3. Can I buy you lunch ___________________ your help? 感谢你帮忙，我请你吃午饭好吗？

4. How long do you think they ____________________________？你认为他们之间的战争持续了多长时间？

5.______________________________ Avatar is a pretty good film. 毫无疑问，《阿凡达》是一部很好的电影。