Learning about Language教学设计一等奖

Book 4 Unit 2 Working the land Period 3 Learning about language: Grammar Learning process(学习过程)

Learning aims （学习目的）

Step1. Preparing lessons &self-study and exploring the problems

(预习自学，探究问题) Finish the task given in the last period.

Step2.Finishing

plan & asking questions（完成学案，提出问题）

Report the answers to the class and teacher. Point out the sentences including the –ing form in the text.

To recognize the –ing

form in the text.（在课文中找出含有-ing form的句子。）

To sum up the usages

Step3.Researching cooperatively& answering questions(合作探究,

解决问题)

Task1. Turn back to Page 10 to read through the passage A Pioneer for all people, pick out the sentences using the-ing forms as either the subject or the object, and then underline the –ing form in each sentence and translate the whole sentence into Chinese.

1)since then, finding ways t grow more rice has been his life goal. 2)As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. 3)Dr Yuan longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. 4)However, he doesn’t care about being famous. 5)He enjoys listening violin music,playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. 6)Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. 7)Just dreaming for things, however,costs nothing. 8)Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. Read aloud the sentences they picked out, think over and discuss with their classmates in the groups how each of these –ing forms is being used in the situation. Step4.Summing &chewing,

summarizing knowledge（总结反刍

，知识梳理）

Grammar learning 一、概述

和不定式一样,动名词也是非谓语动词的一种,它通常由动词原形加-ing构成。动名词有主动和被动两种语态,有一般式,完成式和进行式三种形式。如下表所示: 时

态

语

一般式

完成式

完成进行式

of the –ing form.（学习掌握-ing form的各种用法。）

To learn some and

sum up the –ing form.

（学习和归纳-ing form的有关知识。）

态

主动

doing having done having been doing 被动

being done having been done 无

动名词仍保留有动词的特征,可以和自己的逻辑主语、宾语和状语等构成动名词短语。动名词具有名词的功能,在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。

二、动名词的时态和语态形式

1.动名词的时态形式

①一般式

动名词的一般式表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作同时发生,或者表示一种无时间性限制的经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。

He enjoys writing letters in English.

他喜欢用英语写信。

Many young people like playing football.许多年轻人喜欢踢足球。

②完成式

动名词的完成式表示动作或状态先于谓语动词的动作或状态,如:

They regret having been unable to help you.他们为没能帮上你的忙而遗憾。

③完成进行式

动名词的完成进行时表示动作发生于谓语动作之前,并一直持续到谓语动词的动作发生之时,或继续。如:

Forgive me for my having been interrupting you so much.原谅我打扰你这么久。

2.动名词的被动式

当动名词的逻辑主语是动名词动作的承受者时,用被动式。如:

He climbed through the window without being seen.他从窗口爬进去,没有被人发现。

She needs to work without being disturbed (=without people disturb her).

她要在无人干扰的情况下才能工作。

动名词的被动语态分成一般式和完成式两种。如:

The railway is in the process of being constructed.

铁路在兴建中。

三、动名词的否定式

动名词的否定式通常是在动名词前加否定词not。例如:

I apologize for my not having kept promise.

我没能遵守诺言,十分抱歉。

I regret not being able to help you.

我很抱歉不能帮助你。

Usage Examples

(1)动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。Learning new words is very important for me. 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。

Talking is easier than doing。说比做容易。

在句首或在句末（it作形式主语）常用动名词形式作主语的句型有：

It +be+ a waste of time doing sth ;做…..是浪费时间的

it is /was no good/use doing sth

;做……是没有用处的

it is/ was hardly/ scarcely worth doing sth; 做…..是不吃的

it is/was worth/worthwhile doing sth

; 做…..是值得的

There is/ was no point doing sth 做……是无意义的

在there be结构中作主语,这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do...”。例如:There is no hiding of evil but not to do it.

若要人不知,除非己莫为。

There is no joking about such matter。

这种事开不得玩笑。

There was no knowing when he would leave.

无法知道他什么时候离开。

注意:动名词与不定式作主语时的比较:

动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作,不定式则通常表示具体的动作。例如:

As a child,she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure.

还是个孩子的时候,她就觉得探视病人是一种责任,也是一种愉悦。

Being a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me.

到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。

Doing nothing is doing ill.

(2)用形式主语it,把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。

It’s worth making the effort.

这事值得去做。trying to explain?想再解释一次有好处吗?

It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是Is it any good

什么也不做就是作恶。

There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比……更糟的

There is/was no point doing 干……无意义

令人愉快的。

作在下列动词、短语后用动名词作宾语suggest

finish

stop

can’t help

I can’t avoid 宾mind

admit

enjoy

put off

delay

practise

consider

miss escape going.我不能不语

keep

; insist on

be interested in

be afraid of

be fond of

be good at

去。

dream of

feel like

prevent/keep/stop spend…in… get/be used to+n/pron

We’ve got to be proud of

be tired of

look forward to thank…for

excuse…for succeed think of ways of in

depend on be suitable for

give up

put off be busy(in)doing sth

pay changing people’s attention to

object to devote…to… contribute…to owing to lead to

habits.

（1）下列动词后接动名词和不定式均可作宾语：attempt begin/start 我们得想些continue

intend

办法改变人们的（2）下列动词后接动名词和不定式作宾语意义不同：remember/regret/ 习惯。

forget to do, remember/regret/forget doing sth ; stop to do sth, stop doing

sth; mean to do sth,

mean doing sth; allow/permit/advise/forbid/

doing sth, allow/ permit/ advise/ forbid /recommend sb to do sth;need/want/require doing sth需要被……need/ want/ require to do sth 需要….

Step5.Testing in class & improving skills（随堂检测，落实考点）

To deal with using the the

【基础训练】

knowledge of the –ing Turn to Page 13. Ask students to do Exercise 2-4 in Discovering useful structures. First let them discuss form（运用主谓一致知.in pairs how each of these –ing form is being used in the situations. Then check the answers with the 识解决问题。）

whole class. Give some explanations if necessary.

Step6. Assessment & Homework（课堂评价，布置学案）

To try to do with the

problems from MET. problems Task1.Do the following exercises: （高考与我同行）

1. Ladex does’t feel like ______ abroad.Her parents are old. （2011·四川卷）

To finish the task. A. study B. studying C. studied D.to study （完成学案）

2. Recently a survey _______ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. （2011·江苏卷）

A．compared B．comparing C．compares D．being compared 3.I still remember

to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. (2009陕西)

A. to take

B. to be taken

C. taking

D. being taken

4.Bill suggested _____ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.

(2009上海35)

A. having held

B. to hold C. holding

D. hold

5.It is worth considering what makes“convenience” foods so popular，

and

better ones of

2008北京) A.introduces B.to introduce C.introducing D.introduced 6.I hear they’ve promoted Tom，

but he didn’t mention

when we talked on the 2008江西) A.to promote

D.to be promoted 7.Susan wanted to be independent of her parents.She tried

alone，but she didn’t like it and moved back home. (2008湖南)A.living

D.having lived 8.—

—Oh，yes. How often I have regretted

A.to take

D.not taking

9.I can’t stand with Jane in the same office.She just refuses talking while she works. (2006北京 D.to work;to stop 10.After he became conscious，he remembered

and

on the head with a rod. (2006江西

Task 2. Homework: Finish off Exercise 1-2 on P50.