Learning about Language教学实录

Book 4, Unit 2

Working the land – Learning about language Teaching Goals: 1.

To enable Ss to master some new words and expressions. 2.

To get Ss to have knowledge of this grammar point : The –ing form as the subject & object. Teaching Procedures: Step 1: Revision. Purpose: To consolidate the words and phrases in the text. 1.

Ask Ss to find words and expressions that mean the same from the text and finish Ex 1 on page 12. 2.

Ask Ss to finish Ex 2 on page 12. 3.

Ask Ss to finish Ex 3 on page 12, and check their answers quickly. Step 2: Grammar. Purpose: To get Ss to grasp the knowledge of the grammar: the –ing form as the subject & object. 1.

Show some signs and some sentences in the text. 2.

Explain the grammar for Ss. A、动词-ing形式作主语

a. 表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态, 谓语动词通常用单数。

b. -ing形式作主语时常后置, 此时须用it作形式主语, 用形容词或名词作表语。

常见的名词或名词短语有: no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a waste of time 等; 形容词有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless等。

[注意：

1、

动名词作主语表单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。

Walking after supper is good for your health. 2、

动名词的复合结构作主语

动名词的复合结构是指物主代词、名词所有格是动名词逻辑上的主语、动名词是其逻辑上的谓语。

Your coming made us happy.

Your father’s cooking is very good.] c. 在there be 结构中作主语, 这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do… ”。

[归纳: 常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：

•

It +be +a waste of time doing

做……是浪费时间的

•

It is/was no good/use doing

做……是没用处的

•

It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing

做……不值得

•

It is/was worth/worthwhile doing

做……是值得的

•

There is no doing... 无法……; 不允许……] B、动名词用作宾语

动名词作宾语有两种情况。

a. 只能后接动名词作宾语的动词, 常见的有avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest,

dislike, delay, escape, cannot help, imagine, mind, miss, practise, cannot stand等。

[注意: 当

need, want, require, worth后面接动词-ing也可以表示被动。] b. 既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,

常见的有: begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, by, mean, forget，remember, hate等。

在

like, love, hate, prefer等动词之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同, 只是侧重点有些不同, 动名词表示泛指的动作, 不定式表示具体的一次性动作。

在

begin/start, continue之后, 用动名词和不定式, 意义无甚区别, 尤其是当主语是人的时候。

在动词forget, remember, regret之后, 用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语动作。

在try, mean 之后, 意义各不相同, 如

try to do (设法), try doing (试试), mean to do (打算, 有意要做), mean doing (意思是, 意味着)。

Step 3: Consolidation. Show some exercises, ask Ss to finish them and then check the answers quickly. Step 4: Homework.