Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending第一课时教学设计

Discovering Australia

On May 13,1787，a fleet of English ships set sail for Australia with about 750 people.These men and women were not ordinary passengers.They were convicts being sent to Australia as punishment for their crimes. Laws in England during this period were very harsh，and people were punished severely for even the smallest crimes.A man could be sentenced to death for hunting on another man's property or he could be put to death for chopping down someone else's tree.For many other crimes，the punishment was“transportation”．The guilty person was shipped to a distant land where he was forced to work without pay.Often women and children were shipped to other land，too. In 1770，Captain Cook had discovered the continent of Australia and claimed it for the England.At first，England found no use for this vast land on other side of the world，but then the American Revolution took place.England could no longer ship her convicts to the American colonies.So she turned to Australia as a good place for her prisoners. A former naval captain was picked to accompany the convicts to the new colony.His job was to help them build a settlement which he would govern.The captain was glad to go.He believed the convicts could learn to live in peace.He felt they would obey the laws in a new country. In January 1788，the English fleet and its strange cargo landed in Australia.After days of searching，the captain found a fine harbor.The land nearby had trees and streams.The convict colony made a new beginning here.Australia's history had begun.

True (T) or False (F)：

1．From the passage we know that England's laws have changed very much since 1787.(

) 2．The passengers that were sent to Australia were all prisoners who would be sentenced to death.(

) 3．England sent convicts to Australia because the place was too far for the convicts to escape.(

) 4．It seems true that a great country may grow from a small colony.(

) 5．While it is not directly stated，the passage suggests that Captain Cook claimed Australia for the convicts.(

) 答案：1.T

2.F

3.F

4.T

5.F

Section_Ⅰ

Warming_Up_&_Reading

Ⅰ.高频单词点击

1．associatevt.使发生联系；使联合；结交→associationn．联合；联盟；联系；交往，友情；友谊

2．adequateadj. 适当的；足够的→adequacyn. 适当；足够→adequatelyadv. 适当地；足够地

3．ecologyn．生态学；生态→ecologicaladj.生态学的；生态的→ecologicallyadv.生态地→ecologistn．生态学家

4．autonomousadj.自治的；自主的；独立的→autonomyn．自治；自主；独立

5．federaladj.联邦的；联合的；联邦制的→federallyadv. 联邦地；同盟地→federatev．(指州、团体等)组成联邦，结成同盟→federationn．联邦；联合会，联盟

6．defence(defense)n.防卫；辩护→defendv．保护某人(某物)免受伤害；保卫某人(某物)→defendern．后卫→defencelessadj.没有防卫的；不能保护自己的→defensiveadj.防御用的；防御性的→defensibleadj.可保卫的；可防御的；可辩护的

7．taxn．税；税款v.对……征税→taxationn．征税；税款→taxableadj.应纳税的，可纳税的→taxingadj.累人的；烦人的；繁重的

8．nationn．国家；民族→nationaladj.国家的；民族的→nationality国籍

9．citizenn．市民；公民→citizenshipn. 公民身份；公民的职责和权力

10．celebrationn. 庆祝；庆典→celebratev. 庆祝；祝贺→celebratedadj.著名的；驰名的

11．toleratevt.忍受；容忍→toleration/tolerancen．容忍；忍受；宽容→tolerableadj.可容忍的，可忍受的→tolerantadj.容忍的；忍受的

12．migrantn．移民者；移民；候鸟→migrationn．迁居；移民；迁徙→migratoryadj.有迁徙习惯的

13．splendourn．壮丽；杰出；壮观→splendidadj.华丽的；壮丽的；辉煌的

14．heritagen．遗产；继承物

15．reservationn．保留；预定→reservev．保留；订位→reservedadj.预定的；保留的→reservedlyadv.保留地

16．agriculturen. 农业；农学→agriculturaladj. 农业的；农学的

Ⅱ.重点短语必记

1．associate with

2．match...with 3．be made up of 4．be responsible for 5．on board

机

6．part of ...

7．out_of respect

Ⅲ.常用句型必备

1．Australia is a popular destination with tourist from all over the world who come to experience its unique ecology. 2．It is also_possible_to_climb_the_rock，but most people don't do this out of respect for the Aboriginal people who consider the rock to be sacred. 3．Drive 250 km northwestwards from Hobart along the A10 highway and_you'll_arrive at the southern end of the magnificent Cradle Mountain National Park and World Heritage area. 4．Why do you think the population of Australia is so small when it is such a large country? Ⅳ.课文大意理解

1．Text 1 may be________. A．a postcard from someone on holiday B．an advertisement C．a newspaper article D．part of a text from an encyclopedia 答案：D 上、车上的

……的(一)部分

出于尊敬

与……联系

找到能与……相配合或相适应的

由……组成

对……负责

搭乘(船，飞机，火车，汽车等)；在船上、飞

2．Which of the following statements about Australia is NOT right? A．Australia is the six largest country in the world. B．Australia is the smallest continent. C．The centre of Australia has few settlements. D．The federal parliament lies in Canberra. 答案：B 3．When is Australia Day? A．25 January.

C．26 January.

答案：C 4．Citizenship ceremonies don't include________. A．displays of singing and dancing from many of the miqrants' homelands B．the tasting of food from all over the world C．more than 9,000 people will become Australian citizens D．over 200 locations across the nation walk around Uluru

答案：D 5．Which part of Australia get the most rainfall? A．The south-eastern coastal area. B．The centre of the continent. C．A few coastal areas. D．Western Australia. 答案：C Ⅴ.根据课文改错

1．Australia is the only country that are also a continent. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：are改为is

2．Australia is made of six states. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：made后加up 3．Along the way you will spot a fascinated variety of wildlife. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：fascinated改为fascinating 4．I've made a reservation by the Indian Pacific train to Perth. ________________________________________________________________________ B．24 January. D．27 January.

答案：by改为on 5．There is also a range of short walks. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：is改为are Ⅵ.课文缩写填空

Australia is in the smallest __1__—Oceania.It is a mainly dry country with only a few coastal area having __2__ rainfall.Most Australians live in the south-eastern coastal area.The centre of the continent has few __3__. Australia is a popular__4__ with many tourists coming to experience its __5__ ecology.Though Australian states are __6__，it has a federal government__7__ for matters that affect people all over the country.The federal parliament is __8__ in Canberra. On Australia Day，in over 200 locations across the __9__，over 9,000 people will become Australian __10__. 答案：1.continent

2.adequate

3.settlements

4.destination

5.unique

6.autonomous

7.responsible

8.located

9.nation

10.citizens

[单词点击]

1．associate

(1)vt.使发生联系；使联合；结交

I have never associated you with this place. 我从来没有把你和这个地方联系在一起。

(2)n.同事；伙伴

Bob is said to be one of his business associates. 据说Bob是他生意上的一个伙伴。

(3)adj.非正式的；准的；副的

associate members 非正式会员/非会员

注意：用associate表示“副”时是一个单词；而vice-vice-表示“副”“次”“代理”。作为一个前缀，其后需要加连接号。

the vice-president of the USA美国副总统

associate sb./sth.with...

be associated(with...)

associate with sb.

associate professor

把某人/某物与……联系起来

(与……)有关

与某人交往/合伙

副教授

association n．

in association with...

协会，社团；联系，关系；联想

与……合伙

This concert will be held in association with the centeral Band.此次音乐会将与中央乐团联合举办。

[即境活用1]

She wished to forget everything________with her former husband. A．associate

C．association

B．associated D．associating 解析：选B

associate与everything为动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。

2．adequate adj.足够的；适当的；合乎需要的，恰当的；胜任的；令人满意的

The space available is not adequate for our needs. 可用空间不能满足我们的需要。

He didn't give an adequate answer to the question. 对这个问题他没有作出满意的答复。

for sth....

充足be adequate

to doing sth.

胜任做……[即境活用2]

China has solved its people's problem of________ food and clothing. A．enough

C．adequate

B．sufficient D．much

解析：选C

adequate表示足够的程度比enough，sufficient低，有“刚够”，“刚好”(不多不少正合适)的意思。

3．defense/defence n．[U，C]防卫；(pl.)防卫设备，防御物；[律](被告的)答辩，辩护

A thick overcoat is a good defence against the cold. 一件厚大衣足以御寒。

The accused man made no defence.被告人未做辩护。

(1)come to one's defence

in defence of...

(2)defend v.

defend sth.against/from

defend oneself

defendant n.

帮助某人

为了捍卫……

保护，保卫

保护某物免受……

自卫，为自己辩解

被告

Many soldiers died in defence of our motherland. 许多战士为了保卫祖国而献出了生命。

完成句子

[即境活用3]

(1)They needed more troops________________________ (来保卫边境地区) against possible attacks.

(2)Several people witnessed the attack，but no one____________________________(站出来帮助她)．

(3)______________________________________________________(这个城市的防御力量不够强大)to withstand the attack. (4)The union said they could take action____________________________________(来维护会员们的工作权益)．

答案：(1)to defend the border

(2)came to her defence

(3)The city's defences were not strong enough

(4)to defend the members' jobs 4．taxation n．[U]征税，税款，税

The rate of taxation in that country is high. 那个国家的税率高。

tax n．

free of tax

pay taxes

税款，税

免税

交税

tax，duties

(1)tax指政府向个人或企业征收的各种税。

(2)duty主要指海关关税，遗产税，印花税。

Customs duties are paid on goods entering the country，death duties on poverty when the owner dies，and stamp duty when one sells a house.关税是货物进口时应缴的税；遗产税是对死者财产所征收的税；印花税则是对卖房者征收的税。

[即境活用4]

We must increase________if we are to spend more money on education. A．duties

C．taxation

B．taxing D．taxations 解析：选C

句意：如果我们要在教育上多花钱就得增加税收。taxation为不可数名词，D项错误；duty n．[C，U]常用复数，主要指海关税，遗产税，印花税，不符合题意，故排除A项；tax n．[C]税收，B项应改为taxes才正确。故选C项。

5．nation n．[C]国家；民族

The whole nation was in deep sorrow at the news.

听到这个噩耗时，整个国家都沉浸在深切的悲痛之中。

national adj.

nationality n.

nationwide adj.

country侧重“国土”注意：国家nation侧重“国民”state侧重“政体，政权”[即境活用5]

用country，state，nation，land的适当形式填空

(1)We passed through four________on our way to Greece. (2)The________ provides free education and health care. (3)Exiles long to return to their native________. (4)The Jewish________ is scattered around the world. 答案：(1)countries

(2)state

(3)land

(4)nation 6．celebration n．[U，C]庆祝；庆祝典礼，庆祝仪式

I don't feel like getting involved in any New Year's celebrations.我不想参加任何新年庆典。

celebrate v．

celebrated adj.

celebrator n.

hold a celebration

庆祝；庆贺

著名的；闻名的

庆祝者

举行庆祝会

国家的；民族的

国籍；国家；民族(性) 全国性的

in celebration of为庆祝……

for the celebration ofThere'll be a reception in celebration of the Fund's 70th Anniversary. 为庆祝基金会成立70周年，将举行一个招待会。

celebrate，congratulate，observe

(1)celebrate“庆祝”，其宾语一般是节日、胜利、结婚纪念、生日等的庆祝仪式、典礼等令人欢乐的事情或日子。

(2)congratulate“祝贺”，其宾语为人，常用搭配是：congratulate sb.on sth.。

(3)observe“庆祝”，其宾语可以是节日、生日、周年等，也可以是表示按照传统规定以适当的方式庆祝一个日子或节日。

[即境活用6]

Halloween is now________largely as a children's day，and many American children look

forward to it for days and weeks beforehand. A．congratulated

C．celebration

B．celebrated D．celebratory 解析：选B

celebrate sth.as sth.为习惯搭配，意为“作为……而庆祝”。本句为其被动式，即．..be celebrated as...。

7．tolerate v．忍受；容忍

tolerate (sb.) doing sth.

stand (sb.) doing sth.

bear sb. doing/to do sth.

put up with

容忍/忍受(某人)做某事

忍受/容忍(某人)做某事

忍受/容忍某人做某事

忍受；容忍

Those who know to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life. 那些懂得容忍他人的人自然可以生活得幸福。

I can't tolerate speaking to your mother in such a rude manner. 我不容许用这种无礼的方式给你母亲说话。

I can't stand people interrupting me all the time. 我不能容忍老有人打岔。

完成句子

[即境活用7]

He couldn't tolerate ______________________________ (像一个孩子一样被对待) any more. 答案：being treated like a child 8．heritage n．[C](常用单数)遗产，继承物；传统

These ancient buildings are part of the national heritage.这些古建筑是民族遗产的一部分。

a heritage of moral uprightness道德上正直的传统

heritage，inheritance

(1)heritage使用范围很广，可指世代相传的任何事物(如传统、权力等)。

(2)inheritance指从前辈那里继承来的世袭财产(或性格)。

[即境活用8]

As is known to all, our country has a great cultural________. A．inheritance

C．heritable

B．heritage D．inherit 解析：选B

句意：众所周知，我国有着伟大的文化遗产。故B项符合句意，heritage遗产。inheritance 专指世袭财产或性格；heritable adj. 可继承的；inherit vt. 继承。

9．reservation n．[U，C]保留；(旅馆房间等)预定，预约

I accept his invitation without reservations. 我毫无保留地接受他的邀请。

reserve vt.

n.

be reserved for

nature reserve

a great reserve of medicine

保留，储备；预定，预约

储备(物)，储藏量，储备金

专门留给……

自然保护区

大量的备用药品

These seats are reserved for the elderly and disabled. 这些座位是留给老人和残疾人坐的。

conserve，preserve，reserve

(1)conserve保存，保藏(use carefully without waste)。

(2)preserve保护，保藏(prevent sb./sth.from being harmed or destroyed)。

(3)reserve保留，储备[to keep (for special use)]。

conserve one's energy保存体力

preserve dead bodies from decay保存尸体以防腐

the seats reserved for the old老人专用座

[即境活用9]

These books bought yesterday are________for the new comers. A．prevented

C．reserved

B．stopped D．conserved 解析：选C

本题为词义辨析题。句意：昨天买的这些书是留给新来的。reserve“保留”，符合句意。

[短语精析]

1．part of...……的(一)部分

Taiwan is part of China.No one can separate it from the mainland. 台湾是中国的一部分。谁也不能把它和大陆分开。

play a part

take part (in)

in large part＝for the most part

form (a) part of...

多半，在很大程度上

组成……的一部分

起作用；扮演角色

参加；参与

in part

在某种程度上，部分地

There's no denying that her success was due in part to luck. 不可否认她的成功在某种程度上是由于运气好。

注意：a part of... 暗含“……的一小部分”。

He has rewritten a part of the book. 他只改写这书的一(小)部分。

[即境活用10]

Mrs.Brown always told her children to be good, warning them to ________ trouble. A．live up to

C．put up with

B．keep out of D．take part in 解析：选B

考查动词短语辨析。句意：布朗夫人总是告诉她的孩子要做好孩子，警告他们要远离麻烦。keep out of“避免；不卷入”，符合题意。live up to“不辜负”；put up with“容忍”；take part in“参加”。

2．out of respect出于尊敬

I did it for her out of respect. 我出于尊敬对她做那事。

The students all went back to the classroom out of respect for their history teacher. 学生们出于对历史老师的尊敬都回到了教室。

show/have respect for sb.

尊敬某人

lose the respect of

失去……的尊敬

in respect of sth.

关于，就……而言

with respect to sth.

至于，关于，就……而言

in all/some/many respects

在各个/某些/许多方面

He shows no respect for others' feeling. 他不尊重别人的感情。

A writ was served on the firm in respect of their unpaid bills.公司由于欠账而收到了传票。

注意：out of sth.(表示原因)因为，出于；(从……里)出来；没有，缺少；(表示不在原状态)脱离，离开；用完，卖完。

[即境活用11]

The children are completely________since their father left. A．out of respect

C．out of control

B．out of reach D．out of work 解析：选C

本题考查out of短语的语意辨析。A为“出于尊敬”；B为“够不着”；C为“失去控制”；D为“失业”。根据题意“这些孩子自他们的父亲离去后就无法无天了”可

知，C项符合语境。

[句型归纳]

1．It_is_also_possible_to_climb_the_rock，but most people don't do this out of respect for the aboriginal people who consider the rock to be sacred.

要爬上这个巨石也是可能的，但大多数人们出于对土著人的尊敬而不这么做，因为他们认为这块岩石是神圣的。

(1)在第一个分句中，it作形式主语，to climb the rock作真正主语。

it在句中作形式主语或宾语，代替后面的不定式短语、动名词短语或从句的句型：

for sb.to do(1)It is/was＋n./adj.＋doing

主语从句for sb.to do(2)主语＋find/think/feel/make＋it＋n./adj.＋doing

宾语从句It is very important to learn English well. 学好英语很重要。

I find it difficult to explain the differences between the three words. 我觉得难以解释清楚这三个词间的区别。

(2)表示“可能”的三个常用形容词likely，possible和probable分别用于下列几种不同的句型：

①It is likely/possible/probable＋that ... It is likely/possible/probable that he will fail in the exam.很可能/可能/极有可能，他考试不及格。

②It's likely/possible/probable＋(for sb.) to do/be... It is likely/possible/probable for the chairman to come and inspect the company. 很可能/可能/极有可能，董事长要来视察公司。

③Sb./Sth.is likely＋to do/be... Tom is likely to be an American. 汤姆很可能是个美国人。

[即境活用12]

(1)Is________necessary to complete the design before National Day? A．this

C．it

B．that D．he

解析：选C

it作形式主语，代指真正的主语——动词不定式短语to complete the design

before National Day。

(2)The villagers are warned that a storm is________to come tonight. A．possible

C．likely

B．probable D．perhaps 解析：选C

主语为sb.或sth.时，表语应用likely，而不能用possible或probable。perhaps为副词不能用作表语。

2．Drive 250 km northwestwards from Hobart along the A10 highway and_you'll_arrive at the southern end of the magnificent Cradle Mountain National Park and World Heritage area.

从霍巴特沿A10公路朝西北方向行驶250公里，你就来到景色壮观的摇篮山国家公园暨世界遗产保护区的南端。

本句使用的是“祈使句＋并列连词＋简单句”句型。在该句型中，祈使句陈述的某种条件，简单句表示的是某种结果。若祈使句所陈述的这种条件和简单句的结果一致时，并列连词用and；若不一致时，并列连词则用or/otherwise。

Go on a vacation，and you'll forget unhappy things. 去度个假，你就会忘记所有不愉快的事情。

Talk to him，and he'll help you. 你跟他说，他就会帮助你。

Put on your coat，or you will catch cold. 穿上大衣，不然你会感冒的。

注意：本句型为并列句，它可以与含有if条件从句的复合句相互转换。如课文中的句子可以改为：

If you drive 250 km ...，you will arrive ... [即境活用13]

Follow your doctor's advice________your cough will get worse. A．or

C．then

B．and D．so 解析：选A

句意：遵照医嘱，否则你的咳嗽会变重的。由句意可知，前面的条件和后面的结果相反。故应用or连接两个分句。

3．Why do you think the population of Australia is so small when it is such a large country？既然澳大利亚是如此大的一个国家，那么你认为它的人口为什么那么少呢？

when用作连词，表示“考虑到，既然”。

I can't tell you anything when you won't listen. 既然你不想听，我就不说了。

when用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”，后可跟句子、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、名词及介词短语等。

when引导状语从句还有些其他意思：

(1)表示突然发生某事，可译为“突然这时……”。

I was about to swim in the river when the guide stopped me. 我正想到河中游泳这时向导拦住了我。

(2)表示过早发生某事，可译为“还没(刚刚)……就”。

Hardly had I opened the door when he hit me. 我刚把门打开，他就撞上了我。

(3)表示对比，可译为“本该……而(却)”。

Why are you here when you should be in school? 你本该去上学的可你为什么在这儿？

(4)表示条件，意思接近“在……的情况下，既然”。

Why do you walk when you have a car? 既然你有车，为什么你还步行呢？

[即境活用14]

Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores，and this is especially true ________ it comes to classroom test. A．before

C．when

B．since D．after 解析：选C

考查连词。when it comes to...为常见句型，表示“当提及、谈及、说到”之意，其中

to 为介词。

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．They a________ turkey with Thanksgiving. 答案：associate 2．They soon overcame the language b________. 答案：barrier 3．He sought for an a________ solution to the problem. 答案：adequate 4．The United States has a f________ government. 答案：federal

5．When the war ended all d________ stopped，too. 答案：defences 6．One of the new government's________ (政策)is to cut taxes. 答案：policies 7．We have established diplomatic relations with the newly independent ________ (国家)．

答案：nations 8．China gives its________ (公民)certain rights. 答案：citizens 9．I flew to New York________ (取道)Hong Kong. 答案：via 10．We admired the________ (壮丽)of the mountain scenery. 答案：splendo(u)r Ⅱ.选词填空

out of respect，associate...with，in common，more than，make up of

1．I wouldn't ____________________ Bob's project. 答案：be associated with 2．The two brothers have nothing ________________. 答案：in common 3．The team____________________seven persons. 答案：is made up of 4．The beauty is________________words can describe. 答案：more than 5．The crowd stood in silence____________________for the dead. 答案：out of respect Ⅲ.完成句子

1．The room is________________________(虽小但够用)．

答案：small but adequate 2．A lot of money is spent________________(在国防方面)．

答案：on defence 3．There is a limit to what one person ________(可以容忍)．

答案：can tolerate 4．________________________(在这方面)，we are very fortunate.

答案：In this respect 5．I'll call the restaurant and________________________(预订餐桌)．

答案：make a reservation Ⅳ.句型转换

1．She has something to do with the case. She ________________________ the case. 答案：is associated with 2．They are similar and become good friends. They have a lot________________and become good friends. 答案：in common 3．As winter comes near，it's colder and colder. ________ winter________ near，it's colder and colder. 答案：With；coming 4．We would have much difficulty in working out such a scientific problem without the help of a computer. ________ would ________much difficult to work out such a scientific problem without the help of a computer. 答案：It；be 5．If you don't respect others；you won't command the repect of others. ________others，________you will command the respect of others. 答案：Respect；and Ⅴ.单项填空

1．Some people have no________the speed limit and consequently are punished. A．respect to

C．respect for

B．respectful for D．respectful to 解析：选C

have no respect for意为“不尊重，不重视”。

2．We must take care to________our national________. A．reserve；heritage

C．preserve；inheritance

B．preserve；heritage D．reserve；inheritance 解析：选B

句意：我们必须小心保护我们的民族遗产。reserve 为“保留”，不符合题意，排除A、D两项；inheritance专指世袭财产和性格等，含义太狭窄，排除C项。故选B项。

3．How can he get the promotion________his boss dislike him? A．because

C．when

B．before D．while 解析：选C

when用作连词，意为“考虑到，既然”。

4．Our teacher is so strict that he won't________any cheating on exams.

A．put up

C．tolerate

B．bear D．stand up 解析：选C

句意：我们的老师非常严格，绝不容忍考试过程中任何作弊行为。tolerate“容忍”，符合句意。put up with，bear，stand三者均有“容忍，忍受”之意，但需与情态动词can或could连用。

5．The event was________by poets and historians. A．congratulated

C．congratulating

B．celebrated D．celebrating 解析：选B

celebrate意为“歌颂，赞美”。

6．We shall ________our country，whatever the cost maybe. A．stop

C．defend

B．prevent D．protection 解析：选C

shall后加动词原形，可排除D项；A、B两项没有“保卫”之意，故选C项。

7．She proved adequate________the job, which made her boss very satisfied. A．for

C．at

B．to D．on 解析：选B

adequate表示“适合；胜任”时和介词to搭配。

8．Stand over there________you'll be able to see the oil painting better. A．but

C．and

B．till D．or 解析：选C

考查“祈使句＋并列连词＋陈述句”。句意：站在那儿，你能更好地欣赏这幅油画。祈使句表示的条件和陈述句表示的结果一致。故用and连接。

9．________is known to us all that the old scientist，for________life was hard in the past，still works hard in his eighties. A．It；whom

C．As；whose

B．As；whom D．What；whom 解析：选A

本题考查形式主语和关系代词。分析整个句子结构可知，从that起到句末为主语从句。由于从句太长，被放到了句子表语的后面。故第一个空应填形式主语it；两个逗号之间为the old scientist的非限制性定语从句，是由“介词for＋关系代词”引导的。若将定语从句复原为“Life was hard for the old scientist in the past.”后，可知第二个空应用关系代词whom作介词for的宾语。故选A项。

10．________remains________whether we can put the idea into practice for we are still lacking some money.

A．It；to see

C．That；to see

B．It；to be seen D．Which；to be seen 解析：选B

it作形式主语，代指whether从句，it和see之间为动宾关系，应用被动形式。故选B项。

Ⅵ.阅读理解

Australia，the last continent，was discovered by ships belonging to some European nations in the seventeenth century.These nations were less interested in changing it into a colony than in exploring it.As in the early history of the United States，it was the English who set up the settlements in Australia.This history and geography of these two British colonies have some other things in common as well. Australia and the United States are about the same in size，and their western lands are both not rich in soil.It was the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled，and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west.However，this westward movement took place more because the English were searching for better land than because the population was increasing.Settlements of the western part of both countries developed quickly after gold was discovered in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later. Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common，there are some unusual differences as well.The United States got its freedom from England by revolution while Australia won its independence without having to go to war.Australia，unlike the United States，was firstly turned into a colony by English prisoners and its economic development was in the wheat growing and sheep raising.By 1922，for example，Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people or almost half as many sheep as there are people today in the United States.Yet，in spite of these and other differences，Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world. 1．Who turned Australia into a colony? A．Britain. B．Several European countries. C．The United States of America. D．None of the above. 解析：选A

细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知答案为A项。

2．In the early history of America and Australia，both colonies developed towards the west firstly for the reason that________. A．the population was increasing rapidly in the east B．the English thought there might be richer land there

C．gold was discovered there D．fewer people lived there 解析：选B

细节理解题。从第二段最后一句的前面部分可知答案为B项。

3．In the early 1920s，________. A．Australia had one fifteenth as many people as sheep B．there were more sheep in Australia than in the United States C．the population in Australia was greater that of the United States D．the United States had twice as many sheep as people 解析：选A

细节理解题。从最后一段的倒数第二句可知答案为A项。

4．Australia，unlike the United States，________. A．won its independence by peaceful means B．did not discover gold until the late 1840's C．was the last and biggest continent to be discovered D．was not rich in gold in its western part 解析：选A

细节理解题。从最后一段第二句可知答案为A项。

5．The last sentence “Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world” means________.

A．the United States and Australia do not have any main differences B．the United States and Australia have much in common with each other，but neither of them has as much as they have with other countries C．the United States and Australia have nothing in common with the rest of the world D．in common with the rest of the world，the United States and Australia have a lot of differences 解析：选B

句意理解题。作者讲述了美国和澳大利亚的异同之后，得出结论：它们两国之间的共同之处要比它们任何一方与世界其他国家多。故B项意思最相符。