Learning about Language优质课教案内容

“三导五步”课堂教学

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廉江市第一中学高中英语必修四预学案

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高一英语必修四Unit 2

Working the land

Grammar: v-ing 做主语或宾语

班别： 姓名： 学号： ______ 学习小组：

【预学案】

学习目标

学习并掌握v-ing做主语或宾语

学习重点：

1. v-ing做主语或宾语在语法填空中的使用。

2. v-ing做主语或宾语在改错题中的应用。

学习难点：

v-ing做主语或宾语在写作中的应用。

自学导引

动词-ing做主语和宾语

1.动词-ing做主语

(1)动词-ing直接做主语表示抽象的概念,通常置于句首,谓语动词用单数形式。

Reading aloud is a good way in learning a language. 朗读是学习语言的一个好办法。

Getting up early is a good habit. 早起是一种好习惯。

(2)置于后面,用it做形式主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后,这样的句型有: It+be+a waste of time doing...做……是浪费时间

It is/was no good/use/harm doing...做……是没有好处/没用/没坏处

注意:important,essential,necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。

It is a waste of time talking about such useless things. 谈论这些没用的事情是在浪费时间。

It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。

It is no good learning without practice. 只学习而不实践是不好的。

3)用于“there be”结构中,这样的句型有: there’s no sense in doing...做……没意义

there’s no use doing...做……无用

there is/was no point doing做……无意义

There was no sense in quarrelling with her about it. 和她争吵那事没意义。

2.动词-ing做宾语

(1)做动词的宾语

后接动词-ing做宾语的动词和动词短语有advise,admit,appreciate,consider,mind,suggest,fancy,avoid,deny,imagine,finish,excuse,enjoy,resist,risk,tolerate,quit,allow,forbid,miss,can’t help,can’t stand等。

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“三导五步”课堂教学

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廉江市第一中学高中英语必修四预学案

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Have you finished cleaning the classroom? 你打扫完教室了吗? The girl couldn’t help crying at the bad news. 那个女孩儿听到这个不幸的消息禁不住哭了。

(2)做介词的宾语

常见的短语有devote...to, get down to, object to, see to, pay attention to, succeed in, stick to, set about, think about/of, lead to, be good at, insist on, feel like, be aware of等。

The doctor devoted all his life to finding a cure for cancer. 那个医生一生致力于找到治愈癌症的方法。

All the new evidence led to his being arrested. 所有这些新证据导致他被逮捕。

(3)用在形容词后

The book is well worth reading once more.这本书值得再读一次。

We are busy preparing for the coming test. 我们忙于准备将要到来的考试。

(4)动词-ing和动词不定式做宾语,意义差别不大的有hate, like, prefer, begin, start, continue等。

Price will continue to rise/rising. 物价将持续上涨。

(5)动词-ing和动词不定式做宾语,但意义差别较大的有: stop

to

do

sth.停下来去做某事

stop

doing

sth.停止做某事

mean

to

do

sth.打算做某事

mean

doing

sth.意味着做某事

to

do

sth.努力/企图要做某事try

doing

sth.试着做某事(看会发生什么)try

remember

doing

sth.记得做了某事

remember

to

do

sth.记住要去做某事

forget

doing

sth.忘记做了某事

forget

to

do

sth.忘记要去做某事

regret

doing

sth.后悔做了某事

regret

to

do

sth.遗憾要去做某事

go

on

to

do

sth.继续做(另外一件事)

go

on

doing

sth.继续做(原来没有做完的事)

I remember to mail the letter but forget to buy the stamp. 我记得要去寄信可忘了去买邮票。

When the teacher came in, she stopped reading aloud, and he stopped to ask why she did so.当老师进来时她停止了大声朗读,老师停下来问她为何这样做。

(6)下列动词可接动词-ing的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于不定式的被动形式。

need/want/require/deserve doing=need/want/require/deserve to be done This small room needs painting.(=This small room needs to be painted.) 这个小房间需要粉刷了。

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“三导五步”课堂教学

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廉江市第一中学高中英语必修四预学案

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The sick woman required examining.(=The sick woman required to be examined.) 这个生病的妇女需要接受检查。

3.动词-ing的复合结构

(1)带有逻辑主语的动词-ing称为动词-ing的复合结构。当动词-ing的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,要在动词-ing前加形容词性物主代词或名词所有格,这便构成了动词-ing的复合结构。动词-ing的复合结构在句中可做主语、宾语、表语等。

Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。

He suggested our setting off in no time. 他建议我们马上动身。

(2)在口语中,如果动词-ing的复合结构做宾语,其中的形容词性物主代词常用人称代词宾格,名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替,但在句首做主语时不能这样来代替。

Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home? 你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗? Mary’s(不可用Mary) being ill made her mother upset. 玛丽病了,这使她妈妈很着急。

His(不可用Him)smoking made his family angry. 他抽烟,这使他家人非常生气。

(3)there be的动词-ing的复合结构为there being。

What’s the chance of there being a storm tomorrow? 明天有暴风雨的可能性有多大? 自学检测

1)_________(play)with fire is dangerous. 2)The doctor advised ______ ( stay ) longer in hospital 3)He didn’t feel like _____( work ), so he suggested _____ ( spend ) the day in the garden.

4)His other hobbies include _________ (swim) and _________ ( read). 5)Dr. Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without _________ (expand) the area of the fields.

答案1. Playing 2. staying 3. working \spending 4. swimming\reading 5.expending

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