Learning about Language教案3

Unit 1 cultural relics Learning about Language Teaching Goals: 1. To learn about the restrictive and non-restrictive attributive clause

2. To learn how to use some useful words and expressions.

3. To learn how to use some useful structures

Teaching Procedures:

Step 1. Warming Up

Ask Ss to finish Ex1 (P3), Ex2 (P3) and Ex3 (P4).

Step 2. Learning about the attributive clause

1. Show Ss the definition of an adjective clause (attributive clause).

An adjective clause is a dependent clause which takes the place of an adjective in another clause or phrase. Like an adjective, an adjective clause modifies a noun or pronoun, answering questions like "which?" or "what kind of?" Consider the following examples:

Adjective:

the red

coat

Adjective clause:

the coat which I bought yesterday Like the word “red ” in the first example, the dependent clause “which I bought yesterday ” in

the

second example

modifies

the

noun “coat ”.

Note that

an adjective clause

usually

comes after

what it

modifies,

while

an adjective

usually

comes before.

In

formal

writing, an adjective

clause

begins

with

the

relative

pronouns

“who(m), ”“that ”,

or

“which ”.

In

informal

writing

or

speech,

you may leave

out

the

relative pronoun when it is not the subject of the adjective clause, but you should usually include the relative pronoun in formal, academic writing.

Informal: The books people read were mainly religious.

Formal: The books that

people read were mainly religious.

Informal

Some firefighters never meet the people they save.

Formal

Some firefighters never meet the people whom they save.

More examples of adjective clauses:

The meat which they ate was tainted.

They're talking about the movie which made him cry.

They are searching for the student who borrowed the book.

Did I tell you about the author whom I met?

2. Get Ss to tell whether the following pairs of sentences mean the same thing.

(1) My uncle, who lives in London, is very rich.

My uncle who lives in London is very rich.

(2) The policies, which were unpopular, were rejected by the voters.

The policies which were unpopular were rejected by the voters.

(3) My niece, whose husband is out of work, will inherit the house, which I have always treasured.

My

niece

whose husband is

out

of

work will

inherit

the

house,

which

I

have

always treasured.

Suggested answers:

The

first sentence

in

each

pair

has a non-restrictive clause

within

two

commas, and the

second

has

a restrictive clause.

A non-restrictive clause

simply

adds

more information into the sentence and does not affect the meaning of the main clause:

it

is

therefore

bracketed

off

with

commas(1a = an uncle

who happens to

live

in

London).

Conversely, a restrictive clause defines its referent in the main clause more specifically and contributes significantly to

the

meaning

of

the

sentence.

Thus it is that particular uncle who lives in London who is referred to (1b). In 2a, all policies

were

unpopular

and all

were rejected, whereas

in

2b only

the

policies

that were

unpopular

were

rejected. Note

that

in

restrictive clauses

the

non-human relative pronoun is either 'that' or 'which', whereas for human referents the relative

pronoun

can be either

'who/m'

or

'that' (

the

man that/whom

I

will

marry

...)

3. Let Ss select one answer from the choices provided after each sentence.

(1) As many children ___ came were given some cakes.

A. that

B. as

C. who

D. whom

(2) The visitors saw rows of houses the roofs _____ are red.

A. on which

B. of which

C. where

D. that

(3) I usually take a nap after lunch, ______ is my habit.

A. which it

B. as it

C. as

D. that

(4) Please tell me the way _____ you did the job.

A. how

B. where

C. which

D. in which

(5) Is this museum ____ some German friends visited the day before yesterday?

A. the one

B. which

C. that

D. where

(6) The farmer uses wood to build a house ____ to store grain.

A. in which

B. where

C. that

D. with which

(7) I shall never forget the years _____ I spent in the country with the farmers,

____ has a great effect on my life.

A. when; which

B. that; which

C. when; that

D. which; that

(8) Little has been done ____ is helpful to our work.

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. all that

(9) Perhaps this is the only market ____ you can get such cheap goods.

A. that

B. of which

C. by which

D. where

(10) We'll put off the outing until next week, ____ we won't be so busy.

A. when

B. which

C. at which

D. in that

Suggested Answers:

(1) B

(2) B

(3) C

(4) D

(5) A

(6) A

(7) B

(8) A

(9) D

(10)A

4. Ask Ss to finish Ex3 (P4) and Ex4(P4)