Learning about Language教学活动设计方案

Learning about language 1.

Teaching aims (1) Let the students learn the usages of useful words and expressions. (2)Let students get used to Passive Voice in different tenses 2. Teaching difficult point

How to help students master the usages of passive voice in different tenses 3. Procedure

Step 1 Revision Check the homework. Step 2 Grammar Introduce Passive Voice 语语法：被动语态

一、

主动语态与被动语态的概念：

英语动词的语态有两种：⑴主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者

⑵被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者(常常没在有必要指出动作的执行者情况下使用) 例：They

speak

English. （主动语态）

主

谓

宾

English

is spoken

by them. （被动语态）

主

谓

介词短语

注：☆及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。

例：⑴We

listen to

the teacher carefully in class.

主

谓

宾

→The teacher

is listened to

by us

carefully in class.

主

谓

介词短语

⑵Ｗe

laughed at

him .

→

He

was laughed at

by us. 二、

被动语态的结构与用法：

㈠结构：be +done (过去分词)

被动语态中的be为助动词，无意义。be可能是am , is , are也可能是was ,were或原形be。

注：☆被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be后面的过去分词不变。

㈡用法：

例：①Ｈistory is made by the people. (一般现在时)

②Ｔhe cars were made in Tianjing in 1995. (一般过去时)

③The tree will be cut down next year.(一般将来时)

④Ｔhe room must be kept clean.

（含有情态动词的被动语态）

⑤The door is being opened.

（现在进行时）

⑥The film has been seen by me.

（现在完成时）

三、

被动语态的各种句型：

１、

Ｔhe song is liked by young people. (肯定句) ２、

Ｔhe song isn’t liked by young people

（否定句）

３、

Is the song liked by young people ?

（一般疑问句）

４、

Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked?

（特殊疑问句）

四、

主动语态改被动语态的方法：

方法分为三步：⑴把原句中的宾语改成主语

⑵动词改为变动形式be done(同时注意时态)

⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by后面，以指明做的

人或物，如果没有必要则省去

例：The man killed a tiger. → A tiger was killed by the man .(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面) 五、

特殊句型的被动语态：

⑴含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch, feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to, 但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。

例：①Mother often makes me do some housework.

→I am often made to do some housework by mother.

②We saw him run into the classroom.

→He was seen to run into the classroom by us.

⑵teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for。

例：①Ｓhe gave me a pen.= She gave a pen to me.

→I was given a pen by her.

→A pen was given to me by her.

②My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me.

→I was bought a new bike by my father.

→A new bike was bought for me by my father.

⑶由不及物动词（vi）+介词/副词＋宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉。(前面已举过两例)

例：①Ｗe should speak to old people politely.

→Old people should be spoken to politely ( by us).

②He took away the box..

→The box was taken away by him.

⑷含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。（宾补放在原来位置不变）

例：①We

call

him

Xiao Ma.

主

谓

宾

宾补

→Ｈe

is called

Xiao Ma

by us.

②He found the book very interesting.

→The book was found very interesting by him.

六、

没有被动语态的动词：

1. 没有被动语态的词，

表示状态或特征的及物动词如

cost, fit, have, suit等没有被动形式，另外，诸如happen = take place, break out(爆发)，break down(坏了) 等不及物动词或短语以及诸如result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of等只用主动语

态，而不用被动语态

２不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态: appear,

die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, come true, fall asleep, ... ３.大多数系动词：be , feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，

smell(闻起来) taste（尝起来）等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。

例：①Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。

②Many changes have happened in our hometown.

③The film lasted for 3 hours. Step 4. Grammar practice 1. I’ll be going to work on foot while my bicycle_________( repair) 2. The radar sets__________ (run) for a long time without any trouble. 3. While the ice box___________ (examine), a lot of defects were found. 4. Do you remember___________(introduce) to Dr. Henry during your last visit? 5. The book if worthy of________ (read) 6. I dislike__________ (look) at while try to learn skiing. 7. “Do you have any clothes________(wash) today?” my mother asked.

8. Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature_______(take).

9. Let teachers’ words__________(remember0. 10. He has come to have his blood pressure_________(check) .

Step5 .Practice 2 (Ex. 1 P64)

Step 6 Practice 3 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms. 1.

A healthy diet should provide __________ (protect) against diseases. 2.

He suffered hearing _______ (lose) following an illness. 3.

The _______ (power) farming lobby is pressuring the Government to change the law. 4.

He came back to America fairly _________ (recent). 5.

You can see much _______ (far) using a telescope than you can with the naked eyes.

6.

I’m _____________(trouble) by an annoying neighbor. 7.

The road to our school __________ (repair) at the moment. 8.

A new supersonic aircraft _________(design) by engineers in Shanghai. 9.

All these books __________ (translate) and the work __________(finish) next month. 10.

While the bridge _________ (build), I find it difficult to concentrate because of all the noise.

Step 7 Homework Finish exercises on the workbook.