Learning about Language优秀教学设计内容

Book 4 Subject—verb agreement Learning about language

教学目标：

1) Get the students to know about the characters of subject-verb agreement

2) Let students learn the rules of subject-verb agreement

Ability objects:

Enable students to use the rules of subject-verb agreement correctly and properly according to the context

Emotions objects:

1) Get the students to become interested in grammar learning

2) Develop students’ group cooperation

重难点：

1) Get the students to learn and master the rules of subject-verb agreement

2) Enable students to learn how to use the rules of subject-verb agreement correctly.

Teaching procedures:

Step 1:lead-in

Finish the following exercises:

Ask the students to finish the given sentences, and pay attention to the subject and the verb. Check the answers together.

1).The boy ___ diving.

2).They ____ diving 3).Both Jack and Tim ___ diving. 4). Neither Jack nor Tim ___ walking. 5).All of them ____ diving. 6).The team ____ some good players. (have) 7).The team ____ handsome. (be) 8).The singer and dancer _____ on the stage 9).A knife and fork ____ used to have meals. 10).Bob _____ a worker. 11).Mike and Bob _____ workers. 12).Both Mike and Bob _______workers. 13). Neither Mike nor Bob _______a teacher. 14).Neither of them ___________(know) how to teach English. 15).None of them ___________ (know) how to teach English. 16). Neither dog _____ big.

17). Neither of them ______ big.

18).Neither rabbit _____ handsome.

19).Neither of

the rabbits ______ handsome.

Step2:

Subject-Verb Agreement

主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则。主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：

主谓一致:

一、语法一致原则

二、意义一致原则

三、就近原则

一、语法一致

主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式;

主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。

e.g. I often help him and he often _____ (help) me.

We often ______(help) each other. 不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。

二、意义一致

主语形式虽为单数, 但意义为复数, 谓语动词用复数; 主语形式为复数, 而意义为单数, 谓语动词用单数。如：

The crowd were surrounding the government official. 人群包围了这位政府官员。

Every means has been tried. 三、就近原则

就近原则即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。

There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.

桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。

注意: 1. and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或代词作主语时, 谓语动词有以下两种情况:

1) and连接两个或两个以上不同的人或

物作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。如：

He and I __(be) both students of this school. Time and tide ____(wait) for no man. 岁月不饶人。

2.主语后面带有with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, including, but 等引导的短语时, 谓语动词必须与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

e.g. The teacher, together with his students, ______(be) planting trees in the garden.

老师和同学们正在花园里种树。

E-mail, as well as the telephones, __(be) playing an important part in daily communication. 3. 如果主语是不定式, 动词-ing形式或主语从句时, 谓语动词用单数。

What he is doing ___(seem) very important. 他正在做什么看起来很重要。

Serving the people _(be) my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福。

4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。

Every boy and every girl in the class __(be) diligent.

班里的每个男孩女孩都很用功。

5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动用单数。

复数代词+ each, 谓语动词用复数。

Each of us ____(have) something to say.

We each ____(have) something to say. 我们每个人都有些话要说。

6. 复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

Someone ___(be) calling you.

有人叫你。

Nothing ___(be) found in the room.

在屋里找不到什么东西。

7. 集体名词作主语, 谓语动词可用单数，

也可用复数, 主要由句子的意思决定。

强调整体时用单数, 强调整体中的个体

时用复数。这类名词有people, family,

class, population, crowd, team等。



My family ____(is) a large one.



His family ____(be) all music lovers.

他们全家都是音乐爱好者。

8. 有些名词单复数形式相同, 作主语时, 谓语动词由上下文决定。这类名词有

means, deer, sheep, Chinese, Japanese,

fish等。如：



Not every means___(be) useful.

并非每种方法都有效。



Not all means___(be) useful.

并非所有的方法都有效。

9. 表示一类人的

“the +形容词(分词)”作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。



The sick in the accident_____(have)

been

taken to the

hospital. 

The lost ____(have)been found. 10. 表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等名词作主语时, 不管单复数形式, 其谓语动词用单数。如：



Thirty years___(be) not a long time.

30年的时间并不长。



Two hours ___(be)enough for me to finish the work. 两个小时对我来说完成这项工作足够了。

11. 在表存在的there be 句式中, 主语是两个或多个并列名词(短语), be的形式与最近的一个名词(短语)保持一致。

There is a pen, two pencils and several books on the desk. =There are two pencils, a pen and several books on the desk. =There are several books, a pen and two pencils on the desk. 12. 由here, there等引导的倒装句中, 若主语不止一个时, 谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。如：



Here comes the bus. 

Here is a pen and two books for you. 13. 用连词

or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接并列主语时，谓语动词应与最近的主语保持一致。如：



Neither you nor I ____(be) wrong.

Neither I nor you ____(be) wrong. 

Not only the students but also the teacher ____(enjoy) listening

to the music.

Not only the teacher but also the students _____(enjoy) listening to the music. Step3: discuss and do the following exercises 用所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. He as well as his two friends ___ (be) going for a picnic this Saturday. 2. According to the report, three hours of outdoor exercise a week ____ (be) good for one’s health.

3. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, __________ (visit) a museum when the earthquake struck. 4. 70 percent of the students in our class _____ (be) girls. 5. Most of his time ________ (spend) on computer games in the past. 6. The football team ____ (be) made up of 22 players and the team ____ (be) very young. 7. Every man and every woman ___________ (ask) to help when the earthquake broke out. 8. Either he or you ____ (be) interested in playing football in our class. 9. At present the police __________ (look) for the lost boy . 10. Physics ___ (be) difficult to learn and every means _____________ (try) to improve it. Choose the best answer.

1.

One or two days ____ enough to see the city．

A. is

B. are

C. am

D. be 2. Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．

A. is

B. are

C. am

D. be 3. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____

tired of having one examination after another．

A. is

B. are

C. am

D. be 4. Not the teacher, but the students ____ looking forward to seeing the film．

A. is

B. are

C. am

D. be 5. Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ late for class yesterday．

A. was

B. were

C. has been

D. have been 6. A woman with some children ____ soon．

A. is coming

B. are coming

C. has come

D. have come 7. No one except my parents ____ anything about this.

A. know

B. knows

C. is known

D. are known 8. The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already．

A. has read

B. have read

C. are reading

D. is reading Step4: Homework Finish the exercises in USING STRUCTURES on Page 43.