Learning about Language课堂实录【2】

教学设计

教学目标：

1.

通过对段落大意的总结了解文章主题。

2.

通过细节信息的选择掌握文章细节内容。

3.

通过对词汇的讲解与拓展提高学生的阅读与写作能力。

一．写作词汇

预习Learning about Language,完成下列小对话或语段。

1.—You shouldn’t have wasted so much time. —I

________

(后悔) it. 2.—What does Mr.Yang do? —He is a manager of a company which was ________

(建立) two years ago. 3.—Why can’t I be allowed to drive at this speed? —Because it may ________ (导致) an accident. 4.—Mum,can I go to see a movie this afternoon? —No,you can’t.You should

_________

(集中) your attention on your exam. 5.We students pay more attention to our environment and all of us are making our best to

(减少) pollution and keep animals and plants ________(免受) pollution.The public make

(评论) on what we are doing and praise us. 二、阅读词汇

预习Learning about Language,Using Language,Summing Up & Learning Tip部分的词汇,写出画线部分的汉语意思。

Dear Mr.Brown, I’m John.My nationality 1.______is English.My occupation 2.

________is a farmer.These days I’m worried about my crops that suffer from pests 3._______.Though I sometimes skim

4.________some books on crops but problems still confuse 5.

_____me.I hope you can help me.I’m looking forward to hearing from you. 三、阅读课文CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?,匹配各段段落大意(连线) Paragraph 1

A.Other methods to keep the soil fertile. Paragraph 2 B.Farmers and customers turn to organic farming. Paragraph 3 C.Problems caused by chemical fertilizers. Paragraph 4 D.Long-term use of chemical fertilizers can cause damage to the land and people’s health. 答案:Paragraph 1—D

Paragraph 2—C

Paragraph 3—B Paragraph 4—A 四、阅读课文CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?,选择正确答案

1.The writer seems to agree that

. A.natural fertilizers are better than chemical fertilizers B.chemical fertilizers are better than natural fertilizers C.farmers prefer chemical fertilizers because they can improve the soil D.organic farmers change crops every two or three years because they want to produce more kinds of crops 2.Organic farmers prefer

. A.chemical fertilizers

B.natural fertilizers C.natural and chemical fertilizers D.some kind of chemical fertilizers 答案:B 3.Which of the following is TRUE? A.All farming is organic farming. B.Using natural waste from animals can make the soil in the fields richer in minerals. C.Farmers often grow the same crops year after year.In this way,they can have a good harvest. D.Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to make full use of the field. 答案:B 4.________ so that the soil may not get exhausted. A.Farmers grow the same crops year after year B.Farmers use natural fertilizers C.Farmers change crops every two or three years D.Farmers use chemical fertilizers 答案:C 五．重点词汇

1. It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.(P13) 再把这一点解释一下非常重要,否则我们会使学生感到困惑。

★考点

confuse vt.使迷惑;使为难

①They were confused about the present situation. 他们对当前的形势感到困惑。

归纳:be confused about 对……感到困惑。

②Don’t confuse Austria with Australia. 不要把奥地利与澳大利亚弄混了。

归纳:词组confuse...with...意为“把……和……弄混”。

③She kept making unnecessary requests,which confused me much. 她不断地提出没必要的请求,这使我很为难。

考点延伸 (1)辨析confused与confusing 的不同用法。 ④【高考典句】(2015·广东高考) The salesgirl felt confused to see Peter again. 这位女售货员对再次见到彼得感到困惑。

confused意为“感到困惑的;感到糊涂的”,多用来修饰人或人的表情。

⑤The instructions on the box are very confusing. 盒子上的使用说明令人费解。

confusing意为“令人困惑的;令人难以理解的”,多用来修饰事情。

(2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义。

⑥There is some confusion about what the correct procedure should be. 对于应该采取什么正确步骤,还是有些不明确。

词性

名词

含义

困惑;不确定

⑦His arrival created a terrible confusion.

他的到来引起一场大乱。

词性

名词

含义

混乱状态

be confused about 对……感到困惑

confuse A with B 把A和B弄混

confused adj.感到困惑的;感到糊涂的

confusing adj.令人困惑的;令人难以理解的

confusion n.困惑;不确定;混乱状态

2. regret(P13) ★考点

regret vt.遗憾;惋惜

n.遗憾;懊悔

①【高考典句】(2015·课标全国高考Ⅰ) If we fail to do so,we’ll live to regret it. 如果我们未能做成这件事,我们将懊悔终生。

②It’s no use regretting what you’ve done. 为做过的事情后悔是没有用的。

③From Cairo came expressions of regret at the attack. 开罗对此次攻击表示遗憾。

考点延伸 (1)阅读下列句子,指出regret的词组及含义。

④I now regret leaving school so young. 现在我很后悔那么早就走出了校门。

词组

regret doing...

含义

后悔做了……

⑤We regret to inform you that your application has not been passed. 我们很遗憾地通知你,你的申请没有通过。

词组

regret to do...

含义

遗憾去做…… ⑥Much to our regret,we couldn’t attend your wedding. 让我们深感遗憾的是,我们没能参加你们的婚礼。

词组

(much) to one’s regret

含义

使某人感到(非常)遗憾/可惜的是……

⑦We informed her with regret of our decision. 我们遗憾地告诉她我们的决定。

词组

with regret

含义

遗憾地

(2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义。

⑧Surprisingly,she didn’t feel nervous or regretful about her actions. 令人惊讶的是,她并没有对她的行为感到紧张或后悔。

词性

形容词

含义

感到后悔的

⑨It is regrettable that the police were not informed sooner. 遗憾的是没有早些报警。

词性

形容词

含义

令人遗憾的

regret doing sth.后悔做了某事

regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事

(much) to one’s regret = to one’s great regret 使某人(非常)遗憾/可惜的是

with regret遗憾地

regretful adj.感到后悔的

regrettable adj.令人遗憾的

3. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people’s bodies over time.(P14) 随着时间的推移,食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。

★考点

build up 逐渐增强;建立;开发

①What do you do to build up your body in the morning? 你早晨做什么来强身健体?

②He has built up a good reputation in doing business. 在生意场上他已树立了良好的声誉。

③Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere. 温室气体继续在大气中聚集。

考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出build up的用法。 ④The clouds are building up.云正在积聚。

用法1 build up在本句中的含义是“积累,积聚”。

⑤When the Spring Festival is coming,traffic builds up along the roads. 春节到来时,公路上车辆变得拥挤起来。

用法2 build up在本句中的含义是“(车辆)拥挤起来”。

build up的含义是: (1)逐渐增强;建立;开发

(2)积累;积聚

(3)(车辆)拥挤起来

4. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.(P14) 许多化学成分能导致癌症或其他疾病。

★考点

lead to 导致;造成(后果) ①【高考典句】(2016·上海高考) Beyond a certain point,though,further stress will only lead to exhaustion,illness and finally a breakdown. 然而,超过了某个点,更大的压力将只能导致疲惫、疾病,最终崩溃。

②【高考典句】(2015·北京高考)...parents’

changed attitudes lead to college children’s delayed independence. ……父母态度的转变导致正在上大学的孩子们的独立被推迟。

③All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。

归纳

lead to 还有“通向”的含义。

考点延伸 (1)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性、词组及含义。

④Under her leadership,our team finished ahead of time. =Under the leadership of her,our team finished ahead of time. 在她的领导下,我们队提前完成了任务。

词性

名词

含义

领导

词组

under one’s leadership/under the leadership of sb. 含义

在某人的领导下

(2)阅读下列句子,指出lead的词性、词组及含义。

⑤My friend always takes the lead in the 100-metre race in our school. 我的朋友总是在我们学校百米赛跑中领先。

词性

名词

含义

领先

词组

take the lead in sth.

含义

在某方面领先 ⑥Look,Jack is in the lead. 看,杰克领先。

词组

(be) in the lead

含义

领先 lead to导致;通向

take the lead in sth.在某方面领先

(be) in the lead领先

leadership n.领导

under one’s leadership = under the leadership of sb.在某人的领导下

5. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.(P14) 他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。

★考点

focus on(upon) 集中(注意力、精力等)于

①You must try to focus your attention on work and study. 你应该努力把注意力集中在工作和学习上。

②She focused all her energies on her child,never caring for herself. 她把全部精力都倾注到孩子身上,从不关心自己。

考点延伸 (1)阅读下列句子,指出focus on的含义。 ③The discussion focused on three main problems. 这次讨论集中在三个主要问题上。

含义

集中;聚集

④The astronomer focused his telescope on the moon. 这位天文学家把望远镜对准月亮。

含义

把……对准

(2)阅读下列句子,指出focus的词组及含义。

⑤They were not in focus so the photograph wasn’t clear. 对焦时没把它们对好所以照片不清晰。

词组

in focus

含义

焦点对准

⑥For me,your explanation is a bit out of focus. 对我来说,你的解释我觉得很模糊。

词组

out of focus

含义

模糊的

⑦You must bring the object into focus if you want to have a good photograph. 如果你想拍出好的照片,你必须给被拍摄物调好焦距。

词组

bring...into focus

含义

给……对好焦距 focus on集中(注意力、精力等)于;聚集

focus...on...把……对准……

in focus焦点对准

out of focus模糊的

bring...into focus给……对好焦距

6. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.(P14) 优质的土壤会减少病虫害并且帮助农作物茁壮成长。

★考点

reduce vt.减少;减缩

①【高考典句】(2016·四川高考)Researchers have discovered that “night milk”

contains more melatonin(褪黑激素),which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety. 研究人员已经发现“晚上牛奶”包含更多的褪黑激素,这被证明有助于人们入睡,减少焦虑。

②Giving up smoking can reduce the risk of heart disease. 戒烟会减少患心脏病的风险。

③The government is taking measures to reduce income gaps. 政府正在采取措施缩小收入差距。

考点延伸

(1)阅读下列句子,指出reduce的词组及含义。

④They were reduced to begging or starving. 他们沦落到不行乞便挨饿。

词组

be reduced to

含义

沦落为……

⑤I will buy the coat if it is reduced to 20 yuan. 如果降到20元,我就买那件衣服。

词组

be reduced to...

含义

减少/降低到……

⑥As a result,costs will be reduced by as much as 90%. 因此,成本将会降低90%之多。

词组

be reduced by...

含义

减少/降低了……

(2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性、词组及含义。

⑦There is no room for any reduction in price. 价格毫无再减的余地了。

词性

名词

含义

缩小/减少

⑧We can only make a reduction of $5 per ton in the price. 在价格上我们只能每吨减五美元。

词组

make a reduction

含义

减价

7. This also keeps the air,soil,water and crops free from chemicals.(P14) 同时还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。

★考点

keep...free from/of 使……免受(影响、伤害等);使……不含(有害物) ①You must be careful enough to keep the wound free from the dirt. 你必须足够小心,以免伤口沾上污物。

②The new medicine can keep the patients free from/of pain. 这种新药物能使病人免于病痛之苦。

③We should use new energies to keep our environment free from pollution. 我们应该使用新的能源,以使环境免受污染

考点延伸 阅读下面句子,指出keep的词组及含义。

④Tom works hard so that he can keep up with his classmates. 汤姆努力学习以便能够跟上他的同学们。

词组

keep up with

含义

跟上

8.

Swap summaries with your partner and give each other comments.(P15) 跟你的同伴交换内容提要并且互相评论一下。

★考点

comment n. 评论;议论

①【高考典句】(2015·课标全国高考Ⅰ)My 10-year-old noticed him and made a comment on how bad it must be to have to stand outside in the cold wind. 我十岁的孩子注意到他,并(评论)说在寒风中站在外面一定很糟糕。

②Have you any comments to make on the recent developments? 你对最近的事态发展有什么评论吗? 考点延伸 (1)阅读下面句子,指出comment的词性、词组及含义。

③I hear that everyone is commenting on my new coat. 我听到大家都在对我的新外套发表评论。

词性

动词

含义

表达意见/作出评论

词组

comment on

含义

对……发表评论

(2)no comment无可奉告

no problem 没问题

no doubt 毫无疑问

no wonder 难怪

no way 没门儿