Learning about Language课堂实录【3】

Period Five:

Grammar Teaching contents：The –ing form as the Subject and Object

Teaching objectives：

By the end of this class, students should be able to:

summarize the usage of the –ing form as the Subject and Object

Teaching methods: 1.discovering and discussion 2. cooperative learning Teaching materials: A piece of learning material and exercise book Key points and difficult points: master t the usage of the –ing form as the Subject and Object

Teaching procedures: v-ing形式的用法之一（主语、宾语、表语、宾补）

一、学习要点:（1）学习v-ing形式的用法

（2）v-ing形式的用法的综合运用

二、重点难点: （1）分析语境，恰当使用v-ing形式的用法；

（2）v-ing形式的各种形式的用法

三、学习思路与学法指导。

（一）基础理论

动词的v-ing形式在句中可作除谓语之外的所有句子成分，包括主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语和补语。v-ing有时态和语态变化：【以动词do为例】

语态

主动形式

被动形式

时态 一般时态

完成时态

注意：其否定形式在doing _____ 加上______ 【注意】

1. v-ing用主动式还是被动式，关键是看v-ing与逻辑主语之间的关系，主动关系用_______式，被动关系用______式。

例：（1）The little girl likes __________(take) to the park by her parents. （2）

__________(finish)his homework, he went to play games. 2. v-ing 用一般时态还是完成时态，关键是看v-ing与谓语动词的时间关系。如果v-ing的动作是与谓语动作同时发生，则用_______ 时态；如果表示v-ing的动作发生在句子谓语动作之前，则用______时态。

例：（1）

He hurried home, ________ (look) behind as he went. （2）

The large house _________ (build) at the foot of the hill will be a museum. （3）

______________ (fail) many times, he didn’t lose heart. （4）

__________________ (show) the labs, we were taken to see the library.

（5）

Excuse me for ________________ (not call) you back yesterday.

3. v-ing 形式一般式的被动式(being done)在介词后作宾语时，无______意义，只有________ 意义。

例：She is afraid of ___________ (take) to the public.

一、做主语的用法 划出下面句子的主语

1. Dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.

2. Using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming 【注】

1. 做主语往往表示一种概念或习惯性的动作。

如:Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.

2.

单个的v-ing形式或短语在句中作主语时，谓语动词用______ 形式。

3. v-ing做主语时，也可以用______作形式主语。

如：It’s a pleasure to work with you. *** 请列出用it作形式主语的常见句型有：

二．作动词宾语或介词宾语的用法

划出下面句子的宾语

1. He enjoys listening to music. 2. He also doesn’t care about being famous.

3. I regret not having taken her advice. 用V-ing 作宾语的动词可分为以下四类：

1. 只用V-ing 作宾语的动词和短语

（1）请根据下面口诀写出这些动词：

考虑建议盼原谅：

承认推迟没得想

否认完成停欣赏，

不禁介意准逃亡，

不准冒险凭想象。

【特别提醒】allow, advise, forbid, permit

①后直接跟v-ing作宾语: allow / advise / forbid / permit doing sth.

②如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成: allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋________”。

例：(1) We don't allow __________ (smoke) here．

(2) We don't allow anybody ____________ (to smoke) here．

2. 请列出to 用作介词的短语【这些短语后如接动词则用v-ing】：

3. 后接V-ing 和to do 作宾语意义差别不大的动词

请写出下列短语所表达的意义：

go on doing

____________________ go on to do

_____________________

stop doing

_____________________ stop to do

______________________

try doing

______________________ try to do

______________________ remember t do

___________________ remember doing

__________________ forget to do

____________________ forget doing

____________________ regret to do

_____________________ regret doing

_____________________ mean to do

______________________ mean doing

_____________________

be used to doing

_____________________ be used to do

_____________________

can't help doing

_____________________ can't help to do

______________________

4. 动词need, require, want表示“________”时，作宾语的动词-ing形式用主动形式表示__________, 相当于不定式的_______ 形式。

例：The question needs __________ (discuss)

= The question needs to _____________ (discuss)

三、v-ing形式作表语

v-ing形式作表语时放在be动词或连系动词之后, 用来说明主语的内容、特征、性质或状态等。

（1）表示主语的内容时，主语与表语的位置可以互换

Our task is cleaning the classroom. = Cleaning the classroom is our task. （2）表示主语具有的特征时，主语与表语的位置不互换

The problem is very puzzling. （此时的v-ing相当于adj, 意思是令人…..）

四、v-ing形式作宾语补足语

v-ing形式作宾语补足语, 一般与其前面的________存在逻辑上的_______关系，表示该动作正在进行，或说明宾语具有某种特点。

例：I found a bag lying on the ground.

能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词: 1）感官动词, 常见的有see, observe, watch, hear, feel, smell, find, notice等。

I felt somebody patting me.

Can you smell anything burning? I didn’t notice him waiting. 2) 使役动词, 常见的有

have, make , keep, get, leave等。

The farmer had the horse working all night.

I’m sorry to keep you waiting.

They should not leave the boy standing in the sun. 【特别提醒】

not have … doing 表示“__________”

例：I won’t have you running about the room.

3) with + 宾语

+ v-ing(宾补)

We went to the mountain with the boy leading the way.

五. 巩固练习：

一、单项选择题

1. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _______ my car. A. repairing

B. repair

C. to repair

D. repaired 2. Have you forgotten ______$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember ________ it tomorrow?

A. borrowing; to bring

B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing

D. borrowing; bringing 3. The classroom wants _________.

A. clean

B. cleaned

C. to clean

D. cleaning 4. We should often practise _______ English with each other. A. to speak

B. spoke

C. speak

D. speaking 5. His parents insist on ________ to college.

A. he should go

B. he go

C. his going

D. him to go 6. The story was so funny that we _______.

A. couldn’t help laugh

B. can’t but laugh

C. couldn’t help laughing

D. couldn’t help but to laugh

7. Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂贵), it is worth ______.

A. being bought

B. buying

C. to buy

D. buying it 8. He devoted his life to _____ the atomic theory.

A. study

B. be studied

C. studying

D. have studied 9. We are both looking forward to ________ next week.

A. going on vocation

B. go on vocation

C. be going on vocation

D. have gone on vocation 10. You must pay attention to _______ the works of Lu Xun. A. read

B. reading

C. reader

D. be read 11. Mike has got used _______ up late at night.

A. to sit

B. sit

C. to sitting

D. sitting 12. Once the heart stops _____, death follows at once.

A. beating

B. to beat

C. being beaten

D. to be beating 13. We are now busy _____ for the examination.

A. to prepare

B. preparing

C. prepared

D. being prepared 14. I remembered ____ this person somewhere before.

A. seeing

B. having been seen

C. seen

D. to see 15.When we watched the national flag ______ in the Olympic Games on TV,

we raised a cheer.

A. rise

B. being risen

C. raised

D. being raised

二、用所给词的正确形式填空

1. Though I have often heard this song ______ （sing）, I have never heard you

______ （sing）

it. 2. It was so cold that they kept the fire ______ （burn）all night.

3. He looked around and caught a man ______（

put）

his hand into the pocket of a passenger.

4. I found the party rather ______.（bore ）.But Tom felt quite ________(interest) about it.

5. Don’t leave the water_______ （run）

while you brush your teeth.

6. The missing boy was last seen _______(play) near the East Lake. 7. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _______ （smoke）in the kitchen.

8. I can hardly imagine Peter _______(sail) across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.

9.When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp_______(burn) but the door _______(shut). 10. The result of the test was rather __________(__________(satisfy) with it. 11. Sitting by her side, I could feel her heart _________(beat). 12.

---Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

---Sorry. With so much work _______ (fill) my mind, I almost break down.

13.

________

(throw) their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. 14.

I can’t stand ________ (work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _______ (stop) talking while she works. 15.

While shopping people sometimes can’t help __________________ (persuade) into buying something they don’t really need.

16.

I appreciated _______________ (give) the chance to study abroad two years ago. 17.

The court hears about 120 cases a year, visitors are welcome to see a case ____________ ( argue) 18.

Tony was very unhappy for ________________ ( not invite) to the party.

disappoint). But Jack was

19.

When he got home at midnight, he was ___________ (surprise) to find his mother ___________ (lie) on the floor. 20.

I won’t have you ___________ (shout) at me that way!

（六）反思评价

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