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Period 3 Grammar

1.了解非谓语动词的基本形式及特征。

2.初步掌握动词-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法。

重点语法

品句填空

1.He used to

(get) up at 7 am, but now he has got used to

(wake) up before 6 am. 2.They dont allow

(smoke) in this theatre. 3.I cant imagine

(live) with someone who never stops

(talk). 4.Is there anything worth

(buy)? 5.

(play) video games takes the boy too much time. 6.If you follow your heart and work hard, you will have no trouble

(realize) your dream. 7.I feel like

(ski) through the forest. 8.The basketball player practices

(shoot) every day. 9.Your blog needs

(update). 10.As the saying goes, it is no use

(cry) over the spilt milk.

动词-ing形式作主语和宾语

动词-ing作主语和宾语

仔细观察下列句子,并注意画线部分的用法。

1.A.Listening to music is one of my favorite hobbies. B.As we all know, smoking does harm to ones health. 2.A.Its no use talking to him; he wont change his mind. B.It is simply a waste of time discussing such matters with him. 3.A.Joan suggested asking her father for his opinion. B.We are considering flying to Egypt for the coming holiday.

4.A.He made a poor living by selling newspapers on the train. B.The man left the party without saying goodbye to the host.

从以上1~4组例句中,我们可以归纳总结出动词-ing形式作主语的用法的特征: 1.通过观察第1组例句,我们可以发现动词-ing形式作主语表示(1)

或(2)

的多次性的行为。 2.通过观察第2组例句,我们可以发现在句型Its + no good(no use, useless, a waste of time, nice...) + doing sth 中,(3)

是形式主语,后面的动词-ing(短语)作真正的主语。 3.通过观察第3组例句,我们可以发现动词-ing形式作宾语的用法特征:有些动词后常跟动词-ing形式作(4)

,如第3组例句中的suggest和consider。常见的这类动词还有admit, avoid, enjoy, escape, mind, miss, finish, keep, imagine, risk, practise等。 4.通过观察第4组例句,我们可以发现动词-ing形式还可作(5)

的宾语。

一、动词-ing形式作主语

动名词作主语往往表示经常性的、习惯性的动作。动名词在句中有两种位置,一种位于句首,另一种是用it作形式主语,而将动名词短语移至句末。

Staying up is not a good habit.熬夜不是个好习惯。

Its no use saying without doing.光说不做没有用。

二、动词-ing形式作宾语

动名词可以作某些动词、动词短语及介词的宾语。如: Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 请把你的收音机音量调小一点儿,好吗? I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me.我横穿街道以便避开他,但他看到了我并朝我跑过来。

1.习惯上接动名词作宾语的动词: admit承认

advise建议

stand忍受

permit允许

forbid禁止

appreciate感激

avoid避免

consider考虑

delay推迟

deny否认 enjoy喜欢

escape逃脱

excuse原谅

finish完成

forgive原谅

keep保持 mind介意

imagine设想;想象

miss 错过

practise练习

risk冒险

suggest建议

resist抵制

dislike不喜欢

fancy设想;想象

2.接动名词作宾语的短语: put off推迟

insist on坚持

feel like想要

object to反对

lead to导致

depend / rely on依靠

succeed in成功做……

be worth值得

devote...to...献身于……

look forward to期盼

give up放弃;戒掉

pay attention to注意

stick to坚持

contribute...to致力于

apply oneself to致力于

owing to归因于

get down to开始认真干……

be / get used to习惯于

be fond of喜欢

be good at擅长于

what / how about...……怎么样

be busy (in) doing忙于

cant help doing禁不住;忍不住

spend...(in) doing sth 花费……做某事

have difficulty / trouble (in) doing做……有困难

3.下列动词及动词短语后跟动词-ing和不定式都可以,但意义不同。

go on to do sth 做完一件事后,接着做另外一件事

go on doing sth 继续做原来做的事情

regret to do sth 对将要发生的事表示遗憾

regret doing sth表示对已经发生的事情感到后悔或遗憾

remember to do sth 记着去做某事

remember doing sth 记得曾经做过某事

forget to do sth忘记了去做某事

forget doing sth 忘记了曾做过某事

stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事

stop doing sth 停止做原来的事情

try to do sth 努力去做某事

try doing sth尝试着去做某事

mean to do sth 打算做某事

mean doing sth意味着……

cant help to do sth不能帮助做某事

cant help doing sth忍不住(或无法抑制)做某事

be used to do sth被用来做

be used to doing sth习惯于做某事

4.attempt, begin, start, prefer, intend等后接动词-ing或不定式作宾语均可,意义没有区别。

用所给词的适当形式填空

(1)

(make) friends plays an important part in our life. (2)It is no use

(talk) with a person like him. (3)He succeeded in

(persuade) her to take the job. (4)

(walk) is a good form of exercise for both men and women. (5)Do you think it of any use

(argue) with him any more? We are wasting our time

(try) to persuade him to give up the idea.

完成句子

1.

(在阅览室大声朗读) is a bad habit. 2.Our factory succeeded in

(生产出许多新产品). 3.—Im looking forward to

(有一个美好的假日) when we finish the project. —But

(很难说) whether well be approved of doing that. 4.—What do you think made Celia so happy? —

(赢得了奖品) in the recent competition. 5.Since the problem has been solved, I think

(再谈论这件事也没用了). 6.I cant

(忍受和简在同一间办公室工作).She just refuses to stop talking while she works. 7.—There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. —My goddess! I

(难以想象年纪会这么大). 8.When asked by the police, he said that he

(记得到宴会时的情景却不记得离开时的情景了). 9.—Henry doesnt seem to be what he was. —No.

(在战争中见过那么可怕的事情)has made him more thoughtful. 10.Im very pleased at

(你能获得一枚奖牌).

●温馨贴士

本课时的核心内容为“动词-ing形式作主语和宾语”,知识要点图解如下:

Period 3 Grammar

知识记忆与理解

基础学习交流

1.get; waking 2.smoking 3.living; talking 4.buying 5.Playing 6.realizing 7.skiing 8.shooting 9.updating / to be updated 10.crying 思维探究与创新

重点语法探究

自我归纳

(1)一般

(2)抽象

(3)it (4)宾语

(5)介词

即学即练

(1)Making (2)talking (3)persuading (4)Walking (5)arguing; trying 技能应用与拓展

1.Reading aloud in the reading-room 2.producing many new products 3.having a good holiday; there is no saying 4.Winning a prize 5.its no use talking about it again 6.stand working with Jane in the same office 7.cant imagine being that old 8.remembered arriving at the party but not leaving 9.His seeing so many terrible things in the war 10.your having been honoured with a medal