Learning about Language教学设计

Section_Ⅳ

Learning_about_Language_&_Using_Language

[原文呈现][读文清障]

ANDY — THE ANDROID

I'm part of an

android

①①android/'ændrɔId/n.机器人

②be allowed to do sth.被允许football team. About once a year 做某事

②we are allowed to get togetherto ③to play ... 为不定式短语作③play a game of football. I'm as big 目的状语。

as a human. In fact, I look like one ④striker n．前锋

too. On the football team I'm a ⑤signal/'sIɡnəl/vi.&vt.发信④striker

so I have to be able to run 号

n．信号

very fast. My computer chips help signal to sb. to do sth.向某人me to move and think like a human. For example, I have learned to 发出做某事的信号

signal

to my

teammates

in ⑤⑥⑥teammate/'tiːmmeIt/n.同computer language to give me the 伴；伙伴

ball when I am open and have a ⑦shot n．投球；射球

when引导good shot for a goal. ⑦时间状语从句。

机器人安迪

[第1段译文]

我是机器人足球队的一名成员。每年大约有一次，我们可以获准在一起进行一场足球赛。我同真人一样大小。事实上我看上去也很像人。我在足球队中是前锋，所以我需要跑得非常快。我的电脑芯片帮助我像真人一样运动和思考。例如，当我前面没人防守有机会射一个好球的时候，我已经学会了用计算机语言向队友示意把球传给我。

My first football competition was in Nagoya，

Japan several years ago. Last year our team went to

Seattle⑩⑨⑧⑧Nagoya/nɑː'ɡɔːjɑː/n.名古屋

⑨Seattle/sI'ætl/n.西雅图

⑩win second place 赢得第二名

⑪personally/'pɜːsənəlI/adv.就个人而言；亲自

personally speaking 就个人而言

⑫develop v．研制；开发

⑬type/taIp/n.类型

vt.&vi.打字

⑭be determined to do sth.下决心做某事

⑮in a way

在某种程度上

⑯，

Washington in the USA. We won second place. Personally，

I think the team that won first place cheated. They had developed

a new type

of program just before the competition. So we need to encourage our programmer to improve our intelligence too. We are determined to⑭⑮⑫⑬⑪

create an even better system. In a way

our programmer is like our coach⑯. coach/kəʊtʃ/n.教练

⑰program v．编制程序

she has seen ... games为moves的定语从句，She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games⑰. Then she prepares while

watching ...是状语从句的省略。

⑱arise/ə'raIz/vi. (arose, arisen)出现；发生

⑲make up 编制；弥补；虚构；化妆

⑳现在分词短语作方式状语。

21after all 结果；终究；毕竟；究竟

○reliable moves to use if a new situation arises⑱. In this way I can make up⑲

new moves using my “artificial intelligence”. I would really like to play against a human team, for I have been programmed 21，

with to act just like them. After all○22

my electronic○23

brain the help of○⑳above all 首先；最重要的是

22with the help of在……的帮助下

○23electronic/ˌelek'trɒnIk/adj.电子的

○24using my ...是动名词短语作主语；what○which never forgets anything, using my 24！

intelligence is what I'm all about○引导表语从句。

[第2段译文]

我第一次足球比赛是几年前在日本的名古屋。去年，我们队去了美国华盛顿州的西雅图比赛，获得了第二名。我个人认为得冠军的那个队作弊了。他们恰恰在比赛前研制了一种新程序。因此我们也需要鼓励我们的程序编制员来提高我们的智能。我们决心创造一个更好的系统。从某种程度上看，我们的程序员就像是我们的教练。她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能的动作编入我们的程序，然后她把我们在新情况下能用得上的可靠动作准备好。这样，我就可以用我的“人工智能”编制出新的动作。我真的特别喜欢和人类球队比赛，因为我经过程序编制，行动起来和他们一样。不管怎样，在我过目不忘的电子脑的帮助下，运用智能就是我的一切！

Step 1

Read the text and answer the following questions.

1．What's the main idea of the passage? A brief introduction to Andy — the android, a robot designed for playing football. 2．Who does Andy think is his team's coach? Their_programmer. 3．Why can Andy play football like a human? Because_he_has_computer_chips_help_him./Because_he_has_been_programmed_to_act_like_a_human. 4．Try to use three English words to describe Andy's characters. ①clever

②competitive

③co-operative Step 2

Read the text and choose the best answers.

1．From the picture we can guess the passage is about ________. A．a football match between humans B．a football match between androids C．a football match between humans and androids D．a basketball match between androids 2．How often does Andy take part in the competition? A．About once a year.

C．About once a week.

3．What is Andy good at? A．Running.

C．Playing football.

B．Walking. D．Calculating. B．About once a month. D．About once a season. 4．What part does Andy play in the team? A．Goal keeper.

C．Striker.

5．According to the passage, ________. A．the programmer must often play football with androids B．Andy looks much smaller than a human being C．Andy's first football match was in Tokyo, Japan several years ago D．Andy can improve his football skills with his programmer's help 答案：1～5

BAACD

B．Back. D．Center.

一、这样记单词

记得准·写得对

Ⅰ.基础词汇

1.signalvi.&vt.

发信号

n.

信号

2.downloadvt.

下载

3.coachn.

教练

4.arisevi.

出现；发生

5.charactern.

性格；特点

6.niecen.

侄女；外甥女

7.naughtyadj.

顽皮的；淘气的

8.spoilvt.

损坏；宠坏

Ⅱ.拓展词汇

1.mop n．拖把→vt.用拖把拖；擦[名词动用] [联想]

①type n．类型→vt.&vi.打字

②signal n．信号→vt.&vi.发信号

③book n．书→vt.预订

④seat n．座位→vt.容纳

⑤face n．脸→vt.面对

⑥head n．头→vi.朝……去

2.“家庭成员”聚会

①grandmother n．

祖母

记得快·记得多

1.programmern．程序员；程序师→program ②grandfather n.

祖父

n．程序vt.编制程序

2.teammaten．同伴；队友→team n．队

3.typen．类型vt.&vi.打字→typical adj.典型的→typically adv.典型地

4.electronicadj.电子的→electricity n．电→electrical adj.与电有关的→electric adj.电的；用电驱动的

5.appearancen．外貌；外表→appear v．出现

二、这样记短语

记牢固定短语

1.in_a_way

在某种程度上

2．deal_with处理；安排；对付

3．watch_over看守；监视

4．with_the_help_of在……的帮助下

5．make_up组成；化妆；编造

6．for_fun为了好玩

7．give_sth._away赠送；分发

多积常用词块

1.on the football team

在足球队里

2．win second place

赢得第二名

3．improve our intelligence

提高我们的智能

4．be determined to do sth.

下决心做某事

5．tell stories

讲故事

6．help her with her homework

帮助她做作业

③parents n.

父母

④uncle n.

叔叔；舅

⑤aunt n.

姑母；姨母；伯母；舅母

⑥daughter n.

女儿

⑦son n.

儿子

⑧niece n.

侄女；外甥女

⑨cousin n.

堂兄弟；表兄弟

8．make_good_use_of

好好利用

9．be_crazy_about迷恋……

10．after_all毕竟；终究

7．intelligent robot

智能机器人

8．make a list

列清单

9．electronic brain

电子脑

10．make mistakes

犯错误

三、这样记句式

先背熟

1.She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while while watching ...为状语从句的省略，省掉了主语和be动词。

watchinghuman games. 她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能的动作编入我们的程序。

2.I would really like to play against a human team, forI have been programmed to act just like them. 我真的特别喜欢和人类球队比赛，因为我经过程序编制，行动起来和他们一样。

3.Whenevershe comes, I have to look after her, and sometimes help her with whenever引导时间状her homework. 无论她什么时候来我都不得不照顾她，有时候帮助她做家庭作业。

1．(教材P23)For example, I have learned to signalto my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal.

例如，当我前面没人防守有机会射一个好球的时候，我已经学会了用计算机语言向队友示意把球传给我。

signal

n．信号vi.&vt.发信号

(1)signal (to) sb. to do sth.

signal (sb.) that

再悟通

后仿用

While_crossing_the_street,_he was nearly knocked down by a car. 他过马路时，差点被一辆车撞了。

for“因为”，引导原因状语从句，表示比较明显的原因。

It must have rained last night, for_the_ground_is_wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面湿了。

He is always willing to help us whenever_we_meet_with_difficulties. 无论何时我们遇到困难，他总是乐意帮助我们。

语从句，意为“无论何时”。

示意某人做某事

示意……

signal sth. to sb.

(2)traffic signals

向某人示意……

交通信号灯

①She signaledthat she was about to turn left. 她打信号灯表示她就要向左转。

②My mother is signalling to

me to_remove (remove) the table. 我妈妈在示意我将桌子移开。

③When you come across the crossing, you should pay attention to the_traffic_signals. 当过十字路口时，你应该注意交通信号灯。

2．(教材P23)In a way our programmer is like our coach. 从某种程度上看，我们的程序员就像是我们的教练。

in a way在某种程度上；就某一方面

by the way

in no way

in the way

No way!

顺便说

一点也不；决不(置于句首，

句子要倒装) 挡道；碍事

[俚]别想！没门！

①In a way, the computer plays a more and more important role in our life and work. 从某种程度上说，电脑在我们的生活和工作中发挥着越来越重要的作用。

②In_no_way can theory be separated from practice. 理论决不能脱离实践。

③Don't stand in_the_way. Move aside and let me pass. 不要挡着路，靠边点让我过去。

3．(教材P23)Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situationarises.

然后她把在新情况下能用得上的可靠动作准备好。

arise (arose,

arisen )vi.出现；发生；产生；起床；起身

arise from/out of

arise from ...

rise (rose, risen) vi.

由……引起/产生

从……上站起来

升起来；上升

①As we all know, most

car accidents arise from/out ofcarelessness.

众所周知，大部分交通事故是由粗心大意引起的。

②I arose (arise) from the chair to answer the doorbell.

我从椅子上站起来去开门。

[名师点津]

arise和rise为不及物动词，arise的主语一般为抽象名词，如problem, trouble,

quarrel, difficulty等。rise主要指太阳、月亮、星星等升起、上涨、起身等。

③The sun rises_in_the_east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。

4．(教材P23)In this way I can make up

new moves using my “artificial intelligence”．

这样，我就可以用我的“人工智能”编制出新的动作。

make up编造；组成；构成；弥补；化妆；和好

写出下列句中make up的含义

①Nothing can make up for what they have suffered.

弥补

②They quarrelled the other day but they made up soon. 和好

③I don't like to see womenmaking up in public.化妆

④Eleven players make up a football team.组成

⑤He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick.编造

make up for

make up one's mind

be made up of

补偿；赔偿；弥补

下决心

由……组成

⑥The workers havemade up their mindto make up for the lost time. 工人们已经下决心弥补失去的时间。

5．(教材P23)After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, using my intelligence is what I'm all about!

不管怎样，在我过目不忘的电子脑的帮助下，运用智能就是我的一切！

after all毕竟；终究；别忘了；尽管

写出下列句中after all的含义

①I think we should let her go there alone. After all, she is eighteen. She's not a child any longer.毕竟

②I thought I was going to fail the exam, but I passed after all.终究

③It's not surprising you are tired. After all, you were up until three last night.别忘了

[名师点津]

all常用短语归纳：

①in all

②at all

③above all

④first of all

⑤all in all

总共

丝毫；根本

最重要的是；尤其是

首先；第一

总的来说；最重要的是

6．(教材P24)This means that it should clean the house, mop the floors, cook the dinner and deal withtelephone calls.

这意味着它应该打扫房子、拖地板、做饭和接听电话。

deal with处理；应付；对待；与……打交道；涉及；讲述

①There are too many difficulties for us to deal with. 有太多的难题要我们去处理。

②As far as I know, the young man is_hard_to_deal_with. 据我所知，那个年轻人很难相处。

③He made a speech at the conference, dealing (deal) with folk music. 他在大会上作了一次演讲，谈民间音乐。

[辨析比较]

deal with, do with

1deal with意为“处理”时，常与how连用

2do with意为“处理”时，常与what连用④How do you deal_with a car accident after it happens? ＝What do you do_with a car accident after it happens? 在交通事故发生后你怎样处理？

7．(教材P24)It should also watch overmy naughty niece, who comes to my house very often.

它也应该看护我那淘气的外甥女，她经常到我家来。

watch over看守；监视；守护；照看

watch for

watch out (for)

keep watch

观察；等待

当心；提防

值班；看守

①Will you watch over my clothes while I have a swim? 我去游泳，你帮我照看一下衣服好吗？

②It's her duty to watch_over these old men. 照顾这些老人是她的职责。

③We have to watch_out_for fast traffic along here. 我们要当心这里快速的车流。

[名师点津]

“照顾”的多种表达：look after,

take care of,

care for。

She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games.

她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能的动作编入我们的程序。

句中while watching human games是省略句，while后省略了she is。当when, while, if, unless, once等引导状语从句时，若从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it且从句的谓语部分含be动词的某种形式时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。

①He had his fingers cut while(he was) cleaningthe window. 他在擦窗户时划破了手指。

②Work hard

when_(you_are)_young,_or you'll regret. 趁年轻要努力学习，要不然你会后悔的。

③Please turn to me for help if_(it_is)_necessary.

如果有必要请向我求助。

④Although (he is) badly thought of in the company, the man always works hard. 虽然在公司里不被器重，这个人一直以来还是努力工作。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Her husband was badly injured and she was watching over him in the hospital. 2．Even if invited (invite), I won't go to the party. 3．If the opportunity arises (arise), I'd love to go abroad for further study. 4．The book deals with how to deal with such matters. 5．—I think he is taking an active part in social work. —I agree with you in a way. 6．Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and making up jokes. Ⅱ.补全句子

1．Don't be too hard on your daughter. After_all,_she_is_only_a_child (毕竟，她还只是个孩子)．

2．Don't worry. We are well prepared to deal with all_the_problems_that_may_arise (有可能出现的各种问题)．

3．We all know that, if not carefully dealt_with (处理), the situation will get worse. 4．What did he signal_to_tell_you (发信号告诉你) using his right hand? 5．He met an old friend of his while_traveling (在旅行时) in that tourist attraction.